Polemonium vanbruntiae

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Threatened

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Polemoniaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , rarely subshrubs or vines . Leaves alternate or opposite, sessile to petiolate , simple , pinnatifid to palmately lobed , or compound . Inflorescences determinate, corymbose , paniculate , or capitate, or flowers solitary. Flowers (4- or) 5-merous. Calyx gamosepalous , cylindric to campanulate ; tube herbaceous throughout and papery in fruit or with herbaceous midveins separated by translucent membranes distended or ruptured in fruit; lobes often scarious margined . Corolla gamopetalous, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, rotate to funnelform or salverform ; lobes overlapping in bud. Stamens inserted at same or different levels on corolla at base , alternate with corolla lobes, exserted to included ; filaments equal to unequal, filiform . Ovary superior, (2- or) 3-locular, placentation axile ; ovules 1 to many per locule. Style 1; stigma lobes (2 or) 3. Fruit a capsule. Seeds globose , ovoid , or fusiform , sometimes winged , often sticky when wet.

Nineteen genera and 320-350 species: North and South America, a few species native to temperate Asia and Europe; one genus, Polemonium, and three species in China. Cobraea scandens Cavanilles (a perennial vine with violet campanulate corollas ca. 5 cm) and three species of Phlox, P. drummondii Hooker, P. paniculata Linnaeus, and P. subulata Linnaeus (herbs with white to red, salverform corollas and unequally inserted stamens), are cultivated in China.[1]

Genus Polemonium

Herbs perennial , rarely annual . Stems usually from horizontal rhizomes, erect to decumbent , simple . Leaves cauline, alternate, also often in basal rosettes; leaf blade usually oblong , pinnately lobed , divided , or compound , glabrous to glandular-pubescent , often with a mephitic odor. Inflorescences paniculate , rarely capitate. Calyx campanulate , herbaceous throughout, papery in fruit. Corolla pink, violet, or blue, rarely white or yellow, actinomorphic , campanulate to funnelform . Stamens epipetalous at same level, included or exserted; filaments equal, basally puberulent . Ovary 3-locular. Stigma lobes 3, spreading . Capsule ovoid , rarely globose . Seeds brown to black, usually angular, 1-12 per locule.

Twenty species: temperate Asia, Europe, North America, South America (1 species) ; three species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 12-15" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Polemonium acutiflorum Willd. vanbruntiae (Britton) Hult?n • Polemonium caeruleum vanbruntiae (Britton) J.F.Davidson • Polemonium caeruleum vanbruntiae (Britt.) J. F. Davids.

Notes

Publishing author : Britton Publication : Bull . Torrey Bot. Club xix. 224, t. 131 1892

Similar Species

Members of the genus Polemonium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 62 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. acutiflorum (Tall Jacob's-Ladder) · P. acutiflorum 'Wild Tall Jacob's Ladder' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. boreale (Northern Jacob's-Ladder) · P. boreale macranthum (Northern Jacob's-Ladder) · P. boreale 'Heavenly Habit' (Heavenly Habit Northern Jacobs Ladder) · P. boreale subsp. macranthum (Northern Jacob's-Ladder) · P. brandegeei (Brandegee's Jacob's-Ladder) · P. caeruleum (Charity) · P. caeruleum caeruleum (Jacob's Ladder) · P. caeruleum var. acutifolium (Jacob´s-Ladder) · P. caeruleum 'Album' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. caeruleum 'Apricot Delight' (Apricot Delight Jacobs Ladder) · P. caeruleum 'Brise D'anjou' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. caeruleum 'Snow & Sapphires' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. caeruleum 'White Ghost' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. californicum (Moving Polemonium) · P. carneum (Royal Jacob's-Ladder) · P. cashmerianum (Jacobs Ladder) · P. chartaceum (Mason's Jacob's-Ladder) · P. confertum (Rocky Mountain Jacob's-Ladder) · P. cuspidatum (Stiffpoint Jacob's-Ladder) · P. dubium (Smallflower Phacelia) · P. elegans (Elegant Jacob's-Ladder) · P. eximium (Sierra Polemonium) · P. foliosissimum (Jacobs Ladder) · P. foliosissimum var. alpinum (Alpine Jacob's-Ladder) · P. foliosissimum var. flavum (Yellow Jacob's-Ladder) · P. foliosissimum var. foliosissimum (Towering Jacob's-Ladder) · P. foliosissimum var. molle (Towering Jacob's-Ladder) · P. incisum (Splitleaf Gilia) · P. kiusianum (Polemonium) · P. longii (Long's Jacob's-Ladder) · P. macranthum macranthum (Northern Jacob's-Ladder) · P. micranthum (Annual Jacob's-Ladder) · P. nevadense (Nevada Jacob's-Ladder) · P. occidentale (Western Jacob's-Ladder) · P. occidentale amygdalium (Western Jacob´s-Ladder) · P. occidentale occidentale (Western Jacob's-Ladder) · P. occidentale var. intermedium (Western Jacob´s-Ladder) · P. occidentale subsp. lacustre (Western Polemonium) · P. pauciflorum (Few-Flower Jacobs Ladder) · P. pauciflorum hinckleyi (Hinckley's Polemonium) · P. pauciflorum subsp. hinckleyi (Hinckley's Polemonium) · P. pauciflorum 'Silver Leaf Form' (Few-Flowered Jacobs Ladder) · P. pectinatum (Washington Jacob's-Ladder) · P. pulcherrimum (Beautiful Jacobs Ladder) · P. pulcherrimum lindleyi (Jacob's-Ladder) · P. pulcherrimum subsp. delicatum (Skunkweed Jacob's-Ladder) · P. pulcherrimum subsp. lindleyi (Jacob's-Ladder) · P. reptans (Creeping Jacobs Ladder) · P. reptans var. reptans (Greek Valerian) · P. reptans var. villosum (Greek Valerian) · P. reptans 'Blue Pearl' (Creeping Jacobs Ladder) · P. reptans 'Stairway To Heaven' (Creeping Jacobs Ladder) · P. reptans 'White Pearl' (Creeping Jacobs Ladder) · P. vanbruntiae (Appalachian Jacobs Ladder) · P. viscosum (Sticky Jacob's-Ladder) · P. viscosum 'Blue Whirl' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. yezoense (Jacobs Ladder) · P. yezoense 'Purple Rain' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. 'Apricot Delight' (Jacobs Ladder) · P. 'Bressingham Purple' (Bressingham Purple Jacob's Ladder)

More Info

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Further Reading

• 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 459.
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 11 - 20 1929 - 19 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url plate 2, p. 6.
• Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory and the Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: [s.n., url , .
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 14.
• New York State Museum bulletin. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1916-1944. url p. 121, p. 23, p. 55.
• Fang Rhui-cheng & Huang Shu-hua in Wu Cheng-yih, ed. 1979. Polemoniaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(1): 155-160.
• Fang Rhui-cheng & Huang Shu-hua in Wu Cheng-yih, ed. 1979. Polemoniaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(1): 155-160.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Species At Risk Act Public Registry, Government of Canada
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 30, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

• USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2668750
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-504486
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:690033-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 310258
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 504486
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 205106-2
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: POCAV4
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 57312

Footnotes

1. Ruizheng Fang & Dieter H. Wilkins "Polemoniaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 326. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Polemonium". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 326. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.