Description
Family Taxaceae
Trees
or shrubs
evergreen
, dioecious or rarely monoecious. Leaves spirally arranged
or decussate, linear
or lanceolate, abaxial
surface with 1 stomatal
band
on each side of prominent
or inconspicuous midvein
, resin canal present or absent. Pollen cones solitary in leaf or bract axils, or aggregated into spikelike complexes apically on branches; microsporophylls
numerous
; pollen sacs
3-9, radially arranged or on outer side of microsporophyll and then with distinct
adaxial
and abaxial surfaces; pollen nonsaccate. Seed-bearing structures solitary or paired
in axils of leaves or bracts, pedunculate
or sessile, with several overlapping or decussate bracts at base
; ovule solitary, borne at apex of floral
axis, erect
. Seed sessile or pedunculate, drupelike or nutlike, partially enclosed in a succulent, saccate
or cupular aril, or completely enclosed within aril; female gametophyte
tissue
abundant. Cotyledons 2. Germination epigeal, hypogeal in Torreya.
Five genera and 21 species; mainly N hemisphere (except Austrotaxus R. H. Compton: New Caledonia) ; four genera (one endemic) and 11 species (five endemic, one introduced
) in China.[1]
Genus Podocarpus
Trees
or shrubs
evergreen
, dioecious. Leaves spirally arranged
to subopposite, ± monomorphic
, juvenile leaves similar to adult
leaves in shape
but often larger and/or wider, linear
, lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, more than 5 mm, with single, obvious, often raised midvein
on 1 or both surfaces, stomatal
lines
present on abaxial
surface. Pollen cone complexes axillary
, solitary or clustered, pedunculate
or sessile; microsporophylls
numerous
, spirally arranged; microsporangia 2; pollen 2-saccate. Seed-bearing structures usually borne in leaf axils
(rarely terminal
), solitary (rarely more than 1) ; apical bracts fertile
; basal bracts often fused to form a receptacle (obsolete
in some species) ; ovule 1 (rarely few), inverted
. Epimatium wholly enveloping seed, sometimes colored
and succulent. Seed ripening in 1st year, drupelike, dry, or leathery.
About 100 species: tropical
and subtropical
regions worldwide, also temperate regions
in S hemisphere; seven species (three endemic) in China.[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Pinopsida
(
)
- Order:
Taxales
(
)
- Knoblauch, in Warming, 1890
- Family:
Taxaceae
(
)
- S.f. Gray, 1821, Nom. Cons.
- Yew Family
- Genus:
Podocarpus
(
)
- L’Heritier ex Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 580. 1807.
- Plum Pine
- Specific epithet:
pilgeri
- Foxw.
- Botanical name: - Podocarpus pilgeri Foxw.
- Specific epithet:
pilgeri
- Foxw.
- Genus:
Podocarpus
(
- Family:
Taxaceae
(
- Order:
Taxales
(
- Class:
Pinopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Podocarpus celebicus Warb.
- Podocarpus pilgeri var. thailandensis Gaussen
- Podocarpus schlechteri Pilg.
- Podocarpus tixieri Gaussen
- Podocarpus wangii C. C. Chang
Notes
Publishing author : Pilg. Publication : Bot. Jahrb. Syst. liv. 209 (1916) Publishing author: H.Gaussen Publication: in Trav. Lab. Forest . Toulouse, tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 21: 155, 210(1976) Publishing author: H.Gaussen Publication: in Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 21: 185, 204(1976), without type Publishing author: Chang Publication: in Sunyatsenia, vi. 26 (1941). Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Farjon A., 11-Jan-2006
Similar Species
Members of the genus Podocarpus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 387 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
P. acicularis · P. acuminatus · P. acuminatus de · P. acutifolia · P. acutifolius (Sharp-Leaved Yellow-Wood) · P. acutifolius 'Golden Lad' · P. affinis · P. agathifolia · P. alba · P. alpina · P. alpina 'Blue Gem' · P. alpina 'Bronce Form' · P. alpinus (Tasmanian Podocarp) · P. amara · P. amarus · P. andina · P. angustifolia · P. angustifolius · P. angustifolius Griseb. var. wrightii Pilg. · P. annamiensis · P. antarctica · P. antillarum · P. antillarus · P. appressa · P. aracensis · P. aracensis de · P. archboldii · P. argotaenia · P. aristulata · P. aristulatus · P. aspleniifolia · P. atjehensis · P. aurea · P. 'Autumn Shades' · P. barretoi · P. barretoi de · P. beecherae · P. bidwillii · P. 'Blaze' · P. borneensis · P. borneensis de · P. bracteata · P. bracteatus · P. brasiliensis · P. brasiliensis de · P. brassii · P. brassii var. brassii · P. brassii var. humilis · P. brevifolius · P. buchholtzii · P. buchholzii · P. buchholzii de · P. caesia · P. caespitosa · P. caespitosus · P. canaliculata · P. capuronii · P. capuronii de · P. celatus · P. celebica · P. chilena · P. chilina · P. chinensis · P. chinensis var. chinensis · P. chinensis var. wardii · P. chingianus · P. 'Chocolate Box' · P. cinctus · P. colliculatus · P. colombianus · P. compacta · P. confertus · P. confertus de · P. coreana · P. coriacea · P. coriaceus (Yucca Plum Pine) · P. corralensis · P. corrugatus · P. costalis · P. costalis var. muroii · P. costaricensis · P. costaricensis de · P. 'County Park Fire' (Podocarp) · P. 'County Park Treasure' · P. crassifolius · P. crassigemmis · P. crassigemmis de · P. cunninghamii · P. cunninghamii 'Kiwi' · P. cunninghamii 'Roro' · P. cunninghamii × nivalis · P. cupressina · P. cupressinus · P. curvifolia · P. curvifolius · P. cuspidata · P. dacrydioides · P. decumbens · P. deflexus · P. degeneri
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
- Farjon, A. et al. 1998. Data collection forms for conifer species completed by the IUCN/SSC Conifer Specialist Group between 1996 and 1998.
- Farjon, A., Page, C.N. and Schellevis, N. 1993. A preliminary world list of threatened conifer taxa. Biodiversity and Conservation 2: 304-326.
- Hilton-Taylor, C. (compiler). 2000. 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- Cheng Wan-chün, Fu Li-kuo & Chu Cheng-de. 1978. Taxaceae. In: Cheng Wan-chün & Fu Li-kuo, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 437-467.
- Cheng Wan-chün, Fu Li-kuo & Chao Chi-son. 1978. Podocarpaceae. In: Cheng Wan-chün & Fu Li-kuo, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 398-422.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed November 1, 2006.
- Conifer Database 2006.
- Conifer Specialist Group 2000. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 21, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 7 providers.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3497404
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14705710
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:828332-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 828332-1
- IUCN ID: 39595
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 883850
Footnotes
- Liguo Fu, Nan Li & Robert R. Mill "Taxaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 89. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Podocarpus". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 81. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
