Pittosporum tenuifolium

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Pittosporaceae

Trees or shrubs , evergreen , glabrous or pubescent , occasionally spiny . Leaves alternate, occasionally opposite, estipulate; leaf blade mostly leathery, margin entire, rarely dentate or lobed . Inflorescences umbellate , corymbose , paniculate , or a solitary flower, bracteate and bracteolate . Flowers usually bisexual , sometimes polygamous, actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic, usually 5-merous (except ovary) . Sepals usually free or slightly connate . Petals free or connate, white, yellow, blue, or red. Stamens opposite sepals; filament filiform ; anther basifixed or dorsifixed , 2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally or by pores . Ovary superior, of 2 or 3( 5) carpels, usually 1-loculed or incompletely 2 5-loculed; ovules numerous , anatropous ; placentation parietal , axile , or basilar. Style short, simple or 2 5-lobed, persistent or deciduous. Fruit a capsule dehiscing by adaxial suture, or a berry. Seeds numerous; testa thin; endosperm well developed; embryo small.

Nine genera and ca. 250 species: tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Pacific Islands, especially Australia; one genus and 46 species (33 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Pittosporum

Trees , shrubs , or sometimes subshrubs , evergreen , pubescent or glabrous . Leavs alternate, appearing opposite or pseudoverticillate , usually clustered at branchlet apex; leaf blade leathery or sometimes membranous, margin entire, undulate-dentate, or rugose . Inflorescences terminal or axillary , umbellate , corymbose , paniculate , or a solitary flower. Flowers bisexual , rarely polygamous. Sepals 5, free , usually short and small. Petals 5, free or partly connate . Stamens 5; filament glabrous; anther dorsifixed , ± sagittate , longitudinally dehiscent . Ovary superior, usually stipitate , of 2 or 3(-5) carpels, 1-loculed or incompletely 2-5-loculed, pubescent or glabrous; ovules usually numerous , sometimes 1-4; placentas parietal and equal in number to carpels, or basilar owing to reduction of ovules. Style short, simple or 2-5-lobed, usually persistent . Capsule ellipsoid or globose , sometimes compressed , dehiscing by 2-5 valves ; pericarp woody or leathery, usually with horizontal striae adaxially. Seeds usually surrounded by glutinous or greasy material .

About 150 species: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sikkim, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical and S Africa (including Madagascar), SW Asia (Yemen), Atlantic Islands (Madeira ), Australia, Indian Ocean Islands (Mascarenes, Seychelles), Pacific Islands; 46 species (33 endemic) in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,582 meters (0 to 8,471 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Gaertn. Publication : Fruct. Sem. Pl. i. 286. t. 59. f. 7.

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Pittosporum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 42 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. argentifolium (Hawai'i Poisonberry Tree) · P. bicolor (Cheesewood) · P. confertiflorum (Ho'awa) · P. crassifolium (Karo) · P. eugenioides (Lemonwood) · P. flocculosum (Waianae Range Cheesewood) · P. gayanum (Waialeale Cheesewood) · P. glabrum (Ho'awa) · P. hawaiiense (Hawai'i Cheesewood) · P. hosmeri (Kona Cheesewood) · P. illicioides (Hai Jin Zi) · P. kauaiense (Kauai Cheesewood) · P. monae (Mona Cheesewood) · P. napaliense (Royal Cheesewood) · P. napaulense (Bhutan Pittosporum) · P. obcordatum (Heart-Leaved Kohuhu) · P. pentandrum (Taiwanese Cheesewood) · P. phylliraeoides (Weeping Pittosporum) · P. ralphii (Ralph's Desertwillow) · P. resiniferum (Petroleum Nut) · P. revolutum (Brisbane Laurel) · P. tenuifolium (Tawhiwhi) · P. tenuifolium tenuifolium (Tawhiwhi) · P. tenuifolium 'Brockhill Compact' (Tawhiwhi 'brockhill Compact') · P. tenuifolium 'Emerald Star' (Tawhiwhi 'emerald Star') · P. tenuifolium 'Garnettii' (Frosted Tawhiwhi) · P. tenuifolium 'Golf Ball' (Golf Ball Kohuhu) · P. tenuifolium 'Irene Patterson' (Kohuhu) · P. tenuifolium 'Silver Sheen' (Silver Sheen Kohuhu) · P. tenuifolium 'Tom Thumb' (Kohuhu) · P. terminalioides (Cream Cheesewood) · P. tobira (Australian Laurel) · P. tobira 'Shima' (Cream De Mint" Dwarf Mock Orange) · P. tobira 'Turner's Variegated Dwarf' (Turner's Pitt" Mock Orange) · P. tobira 'Variegata' (Australian Laurel) · P. tobira 'Variegatum' (Variegated Japanese Mock Orange) · P. tobira 'Wheelers Dwarf' (Australian Laurel) · P. undulatum (Australian Cheesewood) · P. undulatum 'Victoria' (Sweet Pittosporum) · P. viridiflorum (Cape Cheesewood) · P. 'Stephens Island' (Pittosporum) · P. 'Trim's Hedger' (Pittosporum 'trim's Hedger')

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A catalogue of the Coccidæ of the world. [By] Mrs. Maria E. Fernald, A.M. Amherst, Mass., Carpenter & Morehouse, 1903. url p. 161.
• An account of the insects noxious to agriculture and plants in New Zealand. by W.M. Maskell. Wellington, N.Z.: [State Forests and Agricultural Dept.], 1887. url .
• Annual report of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. [Orono, Me.: Maine State College, 1885-1953. url p. 47.
• Art album of New Zealand flora. By Mr. & Mrs. E.H. Featon. Wellington, N.Z.Bock & Cousins[1889] url p. 32, p. 34.
• Beautiful flowering shrubs, London, Cassell & company, ltd., [1922] url p. 272.
• Bulletin - Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. [Orono]Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. url .
• Bulletin / Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College. [S.l.: s.n.], 1888- url p. 161.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 12.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 152, p. 78.
• Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United by L. H. Bailey. .. assisted by William Miller. .. and many expert cultivators and botanists. London: The Macmillan company, 1909. url p. 1844.
• Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 29.
• Flora of Bermuda. .. by Nathaniel Lord Britton. .. New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1918. url p. 162.
• Flora of Bermuda... by Nathaniel Lord Britton... New York, Scribner, 1918. url p. 162.
• Florists' review Chicago: Florists' Pub. Co. url .
• Forest culture and eucalyptus trees, San FranciscoCubery1876 url p. 506, p. 562.
• Hand-list of Coniferae: grown in the Royal botanic gardens. London: Printed for H. M. Stationery off. by Darling & son, Ltd., 1903. url p. 49.
• Hawaiian Pittospora. Some Mexican Coreopsideae. A note on Xylosma hawaiiense Seem. By Earl Edward Sherff. 22 1942 Chicago, 1942 url p. 467.
• Hooker, J. D. The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843: under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross /by Joseph Dalton Hooker. 2 1853 London: Reeve Brothers, 1844-60. url p. 21.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 93.
• Irish gardening. Dublin: Pub. Office, 1906-1922 url p. 137.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. 4 1866 London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 227, p. 58.
• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url p. 1.
• Manual of the New Zealand flora. By T. F. Cheeseman. .. Wellington, N. Z., J. Mackay, Govt. Printer, 1906. url p. 1096, p. 1098, p. 1099, p. 1100, p. 1106, p. 1108, p. 52, p. 53.
• New Zealand moths and butterflies (Macro-lepidoptera) by G. V. Hudson. .. with 13 plates. London, West, Newman & co., 1898. url p. 139, p. 80.
• New Zealand plants and their story. By L. Cockayne. .. Wellington, N.Z., M.F. Marks, Govt. Printer, 1919. url p. 63.
• New Zealand plants suitable for North American gardens. By Dr. L. Cockayne. .. Panama Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, U. S. A., February-December, 1915. Wellington, N. Z., J. Mackay, Government Printer, 1914. url p. 13.
• Pamphlets on forestry in California. [1900?- url p. 54.
• Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 599.
• Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url p. 71.
• Plants of New Zealand / Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs, 1906. url , .
• Plants of New Zealand, by R. M. Laing and E. W. Blackwell. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs, Ltd., 1906. url p. 322.
• Plants of New Zealand, by R.M. Laing, and E.W. Blackwell. Christchurch, Wellington, and Dunedin, N.Z. [etc.]Whitcombe and Tombs, 1907. url p. 189, p. 191, p. 322, p. 332, p. 451.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. London, Published for the Linnean Society of London by Academic Press [etc.], 1848-1968. url p. 251.
• Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. Melbourne: The Society, 1889- url p. 241.
• Seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1903-1913. url p. 12.
• Select extra-tropical plants readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation with indications of their native countries and some of their uses / by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Melbourne: R. S. Brain, govt. printer, 1895. url p. 407, p. 369, p. 573.
• Select extra-tropical plants, readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation, with indications of their native countries and some of their uses. By Baron Ferd. von Mueller. .. Sydney, T. Richards, government printer, 1881. url p. 257, p. 396.
• Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 375, p. 489.
• Studies in ornamental trees and shrubs. By Harvey Monroe Hall. Berkeley, The University Press, 1910. url p. 6.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 475.
• The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 416, p. 88.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 121, p. 132, p. 187, p. 20, p. 200, p. 215, p. 300, p. 332, p. 384, p. 440, p. 459, p. 661.
• The Gardeners' chronicle and agricultural gazette. London: published for the proprietors, 1844-1873. url p. 1441.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url , p. 103, p. 144, p. 232, p. 236, p. 247, p. 255, p. 256, p. 266, p. 296, p. 328, p. 344, p. 345, p. 359, p. 417, p. 42, p. 428, p. 466, p. 503, p. 506, p. 510, p. 550, p. 575, p. 598, p. 663, p. 72, p. 765, p. 8.
• The Glasgow naturalist. Glasgow, Andersonian Naturalists of Glasgow. url p. 105.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 10 1869 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 59, p. 60, p. 66.
• The London journal of botany: containing figures and descriptions of such plants as recommend themselves by their novelty, rarity, history, or uses: together with botanical notices and information and and occasional portraits and memoirs of eminent botanists. 3 1844 London: H. Baillie?re, 1842-1848. url p. 35.
• The Monthly bulletin of the State Commission of Horticulture. Sacramento, Calif.: The Commission, 1911-1919. url p. 446, p. 559.
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• The cultivated evergreens; a handbook of the coniferous and most important broad-leaved evergreens planted for ornament in the United States and Canada, edited by L. H. Bailey. London, Macmillan & co., ltd., 1923. url p. 403, p. 409.
• The naturalisation of animals & plants in New Zealand, Cambridge [Eng.]University Press, 1922. url , .
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 2654, p. 2701, p. 2703, p. 381, p. 382.
• The students' flora of New Zealand and the outlying islands. Wellington, N. Z., John Mackay, govt. printer[1899] url , .
• The tropical agriculturist. Colombo, Ceylon: A.M. & J. Ferguson, 1882- url p. 597, p. 827.
• The weekly florists' review. Chicago: Florists' Pub. Co., 1897-1912. url p. 569.
• Transactions and proceedings of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. [Edinburgh]: The Society, 1891-1970. url p. 153.
• Transactions of the Botanical Society. Edinburgh: Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 1841-1891. url p. 28.
• Trees & shrubs for English gardens / by E.T. Cook. New York: Scribner's, 1902. url p. 192.
• Tutira: the story of a New Zealand sheep station / by H. Guthrie-Smith. Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1921. url p. 106, p. 51.
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 657, p. 849, p. 962.
• Chang Hung-ta & Yan Su-zhu. 1979. Pittosporaceae. In: Chang Hung-ta, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 35(2): 136.
• Chang Hung-ta & Yan Su-zhu. 1979. Pittosporaceae. In: Chang Hung-ta, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 35(2): 136.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 04, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 30, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2671712
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-507930
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684708-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 28754
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 507930
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 684708-1
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PITE11
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 56491

Footnotes

1. Zhi-Yun Zhang & Nicholas J. Turland "Pittosporaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Pittosporum". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 522.430 meters (1,714.009 feet), Standard Deviation = 692.730 based on 1,140 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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