Photinia glabra

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Genus Photinia

Trees or shrubs , deciduous or evergreen . Winter buds small; scales imbricate, few. Leaves alternate, simple , papery or leathery, venation camptodromous , margin serrate, rarely entire, shortly petiolate ; stipules present, usually subulate . Inflorescences terminal , umbellate or corymbose , rarely shortly paniculate , many flowered, sometimes flowers 2- or 3-clustered or solitary. Hypanthium cupular or campanulate to cylindric , adnate to ovary or free near apex. Sepals 5, persistent , short. Petals 5, contorted or imbricate in bud, base clawed. Stamens usually ca. 20. Carpels 2-5, rarely 1; ovary semi-inferior, (1 or) 2-5-loculed, in fruit free apically or to 1/3 length ; styles(1 or) 2-5, free or ± connate , short, dilated apically; stigmas truncate ; ovules 2 per locule, erect . Fruit a pome, globose , ovoid , or ellipsoid , somewhat fleshy , (1- or) 2-5-loculed, free from calyx only near apex or to 1/3 length, with persistent, incurved sepals; carpel crustaceous or membranous, each locule 1- or 2-seeded; seeds erect, testa leathery; cotyledons plano-convex .

About 60 species: E, S, and SE Asia, also in Mexico; 43 species (32 endemic) in China.

Wu Zhengyi (editor's note ) believes that Pourthiaea is morphologically distinct from Photinia and should be treated as a separate genus.

Many species of Photinia are ornamental trees and shrubs with large lustrous leaves and attractive white flowers in the spring followed by red fruits in the autumn. The wood is hard and heavy, suitable for making furniture and other small articles.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Slopes , mixed forests ; 500--800 m [3].

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 36-48" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 6.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Crataegus glabra Thunberg in Murray • Photinia glabra var. typica Maxim. • Sorbus glabra Zabel • Syst. Veg.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2009

Similar Species

Members of the genus Photinia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. beauverdiana (Photinia) · P. davidiana (Chinese Photinia) · P. davidiana 'Palette' (Chinese Photinia) · P. floribunda (Purple Chokeberry) · P. fraseri (Fraser's Photinia) · P. glabra (Japanese Photinia) · P. melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry) · P. melanocarpa var. Elata (Black Chokeberry) · P. melanocarpa 'Morton' (Black Chokeberry) · P. pyriflora (Red Chokeberry) · P. pyrifolia (Black Witch) · P. serratifolia (Chinese Hawthorn) · P. serrulata 'Aculeata' (Chinese Hawthorn) · P. villosa (Oriental Photinia) · P. x fraseri (Fraser Photinia) · P. × fraseri 'Cassini' (Pink Marble Photinia) · P. x fraseri 'Pink Marble' (Pink Marble Photinia) · P. x fraseri 'Pointe Du Raz' (Fraser Photinia) · P. x fraseri 'Red Robin' (Fraser Photinia)

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Further Reading

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• Annals of horticulture in North America for the year 1893. A witness of passing events and a record of progress. Comprising and account of the horticulture of the Columbian exposition, by L. H. Bailey. New York, Judd, c1894. url p. 310.
• Annual report on the noxious, beneficial and other insects of the State of Missouri. Jefferson City, Mo.: Ellwood Kirby, 1869-1877. url p. 132.
• Aristocrats of the garden, Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page & company, 1917. url , .
• Aristocrats of the garden, by Ernest H. Wilson. .. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & company[c1917] url p. 160, p. 160, p. 308, p. 308.
• Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url p. 226.
• Bulletin - Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. Amherst, : Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, 1907-1974. url p. 28, p. 53.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1950-1977. url p. 94.
• Chinese materia medica. extensively revised from F. Porter Smith's work by G. A. Stuart. Shanghai?: Presbyterian Mission Press?, 1911? url p. 317.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 338, p. 562.
• Cooperative economic insect report. Hyattsville, MD. [etc.]Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service. url p. 210.
• First[-ninth] annual report on the noxious, beneficial and other insects, of the state of Missouri, made to the State board of agriculture, pursuant to an appropriation for this purpose from the Legislature of the state. By Charles V. Riley, state entomologist. Jefferson City, Mo., 1869-77. url p. 132.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 546.
• Hand-list of Coniferae: grown in the Royal botanic gardens. London: Printed for H. M. Stationery off. by Darling & son, Ltd., 1903. url p. 359.
• Hand-list of trees and shrubs, excluding Coniferae, grown in Arboretum. LondonPrinted for H.M. Stationery Off., by Darling1902 url p. 359.
• List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 25.
• Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze Valley, China. Corvallis, Oregon State College[1958] url p. 169, p. 170.
• Observations on the flora of Japan. Tokyo, 1901-1914. url p. 38.
• Ornamental shrubs of the United States (hardy, cultivated) Cincinnati [etc]American Book Company[c1910] url , .
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 376.
• Plantae Wilsonianae; an enumeration of the woody plants collected in western China for the Arnold arboretum of Harvard university during the years 1907, 1908, and 1910, by E. H. Wilson, ed. by Charles Sprague Sargent. Cambridge, University Press, 1913-17. url p. 184, p. 185, p. 598, p. 627.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 103.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 309.
• Reports of the Director. .. / Experimental Farms. Ottawa: Experimental Farms, 1888-1916. url p. 969.
• Sargent, C. S. Plantae Wilsonianae: an enumeration of the woody plants collected in western China for the Arnold arboretum of Harvard university during the years 1907, 1908, and 1910 /by E. H. Wilson, ed. by Charles Sprague Sargent. 1 1913 Cambridge: The University press, 1913-17. url p. 184, p. 185, p. 598, p. 627.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 22 1882 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 309, p. 664.
• The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 269.
• The Florists' exchange: a weekly medium of interchange for florists, nurserymen, seedsmen and the trade in general. New York, N.Y.: [A.T. De la Mare Ptg. and Pub. Co., url p. 257.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 240.
• The Gardeners' chronicle and agricultural gazette. 1860 London: published for the proprietors, 1844-1873. url p. 1004, p. 232.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 143, p. 179, p. 377, p. 495.
• The Horticulturist and journal of rural art and rural taste. Albany, N.Y.: Luther Tucker, 1846-1875. url , p. 186.
• The Journal of horticulture, cottage gardener and country gentlemen. London: George W. Johnson and Robert Hogg, 1861-1877. url p. 525.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 322, p. 327, p. 339, p. 4, p. 63, p. 65.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 23 1886-88 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 262, p. 263.
• The complete garden, by Albert D. Taylor, assisted by Gordon D. Cooper. Illustrated with fifty full page cuts, four line charts, and nine coloured plates. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1921. url p. 340, p. 340.
• The cultivated evergreens; a handbook of the coniferous and most important broad-leaved evergreens planted for ornament in the United States and Canada, edited by L. H. Bailey. London, Macmillan & co., ltd., 1923. url p. 385, p. 390, p. 400, p. 408.
• The journal of the Horticultural Society of London. London, [England]: Published for the Society, by Longman and Co., 1846-1855. url p. 236.
• The pinetum: being a synopsis of all the coniferous plants at present known, with descriptions, history and synonyms, and a comprehensive systematic index. LondonH.G. Bohn [etc.]1880 url .
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 2596.
• Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. London, The Society. url p. 420.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
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• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
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• IOPI-GPC
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Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 29, 2008:

• GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
• National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2676512
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-5842
• GRIN Nomen Number: 28080
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 565396
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PHGL17
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 55906

Footnotes

1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Lu Ling-ti, Stephen A. Spongberg "Photinia". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 121. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Photinia". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 125. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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