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Phlebodium pseudoaureum

(False Golden Polypody)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

False Golden Polypody

Description

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Family Polypodiaceae

Plants perennial , terrestrial , on rock, or often epiphytic, erect , arching , or occasionally pendent. Stems long- to short-creeping, branched or not, bearing scales and few to numerous roots , usually dictyostelic. Leaves monomorphic to dimorphic , circinate in bud. Petiole usually articulate at base [rarely nonarticulate , as in Loxogramme ], lacking scales or sometimes scaly , with usually 3 vascular bundles . Blade simple to often pinnatifid , pinnatisect , or pinnate, infrequently more divided ; rachis grooved or not adaxially. Veins free (and simple to several times forked ) to often anastomosing in complex systems , areoles with or without included veinlets . Indument on blade absent, or petiole, rachis, costae, and sometimes blade tissue usually bearing hairs (these often septate and with reddish crosswalls) and/or scales. Sori borne abaxially on veins, round to oblong , occasionally elongate , rarely marginal , rarely covering surface; paraphyses present or absent; sporangia with stalk of 2 or 3 rows of cells ; indusia absent. Spores usually transparent or yellowish (rarely greenish), all 1 kind, bilateral , monolete [rarely trilete, as in some Loxogramme], surface most often smooth , tuberculate , verrucose , or granulate , occasionally spiny , 64 per sporangium (spores globose and 32 per sporangium in apogamous spp. ) . Gametophytes green, aboveground, cordate or elliptic , glabrous or sometimes glandular ; archegonia and antheridia borne on lower surface, antheridia 3-celled.

Genera ca. 40, species perhaps 500 (7 genera, 25 species in the flora ) : worldwide, especially tropics and subtropics.

Genera in this family are variously circumscribed, and the New World species historically were placed in the single genus Polypodium . Many of the segregates recognized here are still placed in Polypodium in recent floristic accounts. Limits of genera in both Old World and New World are controversial and are currently under study by several workers.[1]

Genus Phlebodium

Plants epiphytic. Stems creeping , branched, not whitish pruinose , 8--30 mm diam.; scales concolored, lanceolate, not clathrate, glabrous , margins dentate . Leaves monomorphic , widely spaced, not conspicuously narrowed at tip , to 130 cm. Petiole articulate to stem, dark brown, round in cross section , with 2 adaxial grooves . Blade ovate to elliptic , not pectinate , pinnatisect with broadly winged rachises and rounded sinuses, with fewer than 20 pairs of segments, glaucous, usually glabrous, scales absent; rachis glabrous. Segments linear to lanceolate, margins entire, apex rounded. Veins free near margins, well developed near costae, highly reticulate , usually with 1 row of costal areoles extending from vein to vein without included veinlets , and with a series of elongate , polygonal areoles with 1--3 excurrent included veinlets meeting at apices, and similar areoles closer to margin of segment mostly without included veinlets. Sori on veins, transverse , 2 in each major areole on included veinlets, circular to oblong ; indument absent. Spores tuberculate . x = 37.

Species 2--4: tropical regions , North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.[2]

Physical Description

Flowers: Flower Color: inconspicuous, none

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,936 meters (0 to 16,194 feet).[3]

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Phlebodium areolatum (Humb. & Bonpl. Ex Willd.) Baker • Polypodium aureum var. areolatum (Humb. & Bonpl. Ex Willd.) Baker • Polypodium pseudoaureum Cav.

Notes

Basionym : Polypodium pseudoaureum Cav.

Basionym author: (Cav.)

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Phlebodium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 4 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. aureum (Cabbage Palm Fern) · P. aureum var. areolatum (Rabbit´s-Foot Fern) · P. decumanum (Creeping Golden Polypody) · P. pseudoaureum (False Golden Polypody)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 26, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Alan R. Smith "Polypodiaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. Clifton E. Nauman "Phlebodium". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Mean = 742.040 meters (2,434.514 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,051.050 based on 646 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012