Pedicularis hirsuta

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Orobanchaceae

Herbs annual , biennial, or perennial parasites, without chlorophyll. Stems unbranched or sometimes branched. Leaves scalelike, spirally or subimbricately arranged. Inflorescences racemose, spicate , or subcapitate , rarely 1-flowered; bract 1, usually similar to leaves; bractlets 2, adnate to base of calyx or pedicel. Flowers bisexual , subsessile or pedicelled. Calyx tubular, cupular, or campanulate , (3 or) 4-6-lobed, 2-6-parted, 6-toothed, or spathelike, sometimes absent or of 3 free sepals. Corolla bilabiate, usually curved , sometimes tubular-campanulate or funnelform with 5 subequal lobes ; upper lip entire, emarginate , or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous , inserted at base of corolla tube ; filaments slender; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, sometimes 1 cell fertile and another sterile or reduced to spur. Pistil 2- or 3-carpellate; ovary superior; placentas 2-4 or 6(-10), parietal or sometimes axile at ovary base; ovules 2-4 or numerous , anatropous . Style long; stigma inflated , discoid , peltate, or 2-4-lobed. Capsule usually dehiscing loculicidally by 2 or 3(or 4) valves . Seeds minute, testa pitted or reticulate .

About 15 genera and 150 species: North Temperate regions , less represented in Africa, America, Asia, and Australia; nine genera and 42 species (nine endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Pedicularis

Herbs perennial or annual , rarely biennial, hemiparasitic. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled , usually pinnatifid to 1- or 2-pinnatisect, rarely entire or dentate . Lower leaves usually long petiolate ; upper leaves often ± sessile. Inflorescences terminal or flowers axillary ; bracts usually leaflike. Calyx tubular to campanulate , often ± bilabiate, usually deeply cleft anteriorly, (2--) 5-lobed. Corolla purple, red, yellow, or white, strongly bilabiate; upper lip (galea) hooded , enclosing anthers , laterally compressed , rounded or truncate , or terminating in teeth or in a beak ; lower lip 3-lobed, usually spreading , external to upper lip in bud. Stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments glabrous or pubescent ; anthers mucronate or not. Stigma capitate. Capsule moderately compressed or not, loculicidal. Seeds numerous , reticulate or costate .

About 600 species: best represented in the mountains of SW China and widespread in the frigid and alpine zones of the northern hemisphere; 352 species (271 endemic) occur in China.

From the limited available data, the species of Pedicularis in China are pollinated by bumblebees gathering nectar and/or pollen on nectariferous non-beaked species, and pollen only, by scraping or vibrating,on beaked species including those with long corolla tubes (Macior, L. W. 1988. Plant Species Biol. 3: 61--66.; Macior, L. W. & S. K . Sood. 1991. Plant Species Biol. 6: 75--81.; Macior, L. W., pers. comm. ).

The rank of series has been traditionally used in Pedicularis since the time of Prain's work (Ann. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3: 1--196. 1890). Sections (and subgenera ) have also been used (e.g. , by Bunge in Walpers, Repert. Bot. Syst. 3: 409--433. 1844; Li, H. L. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 101: 1--214. 1949; Yamazaki, T. 1988. A revision of the genus Pedicularis in Nepal. in: Ohba, H. & Malla, S.B. (eds.), The Himalayan Plants 1: 91--161, and others). [2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,701 meters (0 to 15,423 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Pedicularis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 80 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. alopecuroides (Canadian Lousewort) · P. angustifolia (Mogollon Mountain Lousewort) · P. attollens (Attol Lousewort) · P. attollens subsp. protogyna (Little Elephantshead) · P. aurantiaca (Indian Warrior) · P. bracteosa (Bracted Lousewort) · P. bracteosa paysoniana (Payson's Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. atrosanguinea (Bracted Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. bracteosa (Bracted Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. canbyi (Canby Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. flavida (Towering Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. latifolia (Widepetal Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. pachyrhiza (Towering Lousewort) · P. bracteosa var. paysoniana (Payson Lousewort) · P. canadensis (Canadian Lousewort) · P. canadensis canadensis (Smoothflower Lousewort) · P. canadensis fluviatilis (Canadian Lousewort) · P. canadensis subsp. fluviatilis (Canadian Lousewort) · P. capitata (Capitate Lousewort) · P. centranthera (Dwarf Lousewort) · P. chamissonis (Chamisso Lousewort) · P. contorta (Coiled Lousewort) · P. contorta var. contorta (Coiled Lousewort) · P. contorta var. ctenophora (Coil-Beaked Lousewort) · P. contorta var. rubicunda (Coil-Beaked Lousewort) · P. corydaloides (Canadian Lousewort) · P. crenulata (Meadow Lousewort) · P. cyathophylloides (Canadian Lousewort) · P. cystopteridifolia (Fern-Leaved Lousewort) · P. densiflora (Indian Warrior) · P. densiflora aurantiaca (Indian Warrior) · P. densiflora subsp. aurantiaca (Indian Warrior) · P. dudleyi (Dudley's Lousewort) · P. flammea (Red-Tip Lousewort) · P. flammea (Scarletfruit Passionflower) · P. furbishiae (Furbish Lousewort) · P. groenlandica (Bull Elephant's-Head) · P. hirsuta (Hairy Lousewort) · P. howellii (Howell Lousewort) · P. kanei (Woolly Lousewort) · P. labradorica (Labrador Lousewort) · P. labradorica var. labradorica (Labrador Lousewort) · P. labradorica var. sulphurea (Labrador Lousewort) · P. lanceolata (Lousewort) · P. langsdorfii (Langsdorf's Lousewort) · P. langsdorfii arctica (Langsdorf's Lousewort) · P. lapponica (Lapland Lousewort) · P. macrodonta (Muskeg Lousewort) · P. oederi (Oeder's Lousewort) · P. ornithorhyncha (Bird's-Beak Lousewort) · P. palustris (European Purple Lousewort) · P. palustris palustris (European Purple Lousewort) · P. parryi (Parry Cinchweed) · P. parryi subsp. mogollonica (Mogollon Lousewort) · P. parryi subsp. purpurea (Rocky Mountain Lousewort) · P. parviflora (Small-Flower Lousewort) · P. parviflora pennellii (Smallflower Lousewort) · P. parviflora subsp. pennellii (Pennell's Lousewort) · P. pennellii pennellii (Pennell's Lousewort) · P. procera (Giant Lousewort) · P. pulchella (Mountain Lousewort) · P. racemosa alba (Leafy Lousewort) · P. racemosa alba var. alba (Sickletop Betony) · P. racemosa subsp. alba (Sickletop Lousewort) · P. rainierensis (Mount Rainier Lousewort) · P. semibarbata (Bearded Lousewort) · P. semibarbata var. charlestonensis (Charleston Lousewort) · P. semibarbata var. semibarbata (Pinewoods Lousewort) · P. sudetica (Sudetan Lousewort) · P. sudetica albolabiata (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica interioides (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica interior (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica scopulorum (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica subsp. albolabiata (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica subsp. interior (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. sudetica subsp. pacifica (Pacific Lousewort) · P. sudetica subsp. scopulorum (Sudetic Lousewort) · P. surrecta (Greenland Lousewort) · P. sylvatica (Small Lousewort) · P. verticillata (Whorled Lousewort)

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Further Reading

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• A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders; together with the characters of the genera and species, and an enumeration of the cultivated varieties. .. the scientific names accentuated, t By George Don. London, J.G. and F. Rivington [etc.]1831-38. url p. 624, p. 625.
• A general system of gardening and botany. Founded upon Miller's Gardener's dictionary, and arranged according to the natural system. By George Don. London, Printed for C. J. G. and F. Rivington, 1831-38. url p. 624, p. 625.
• A provisional host-index of the fungi of the United States, by W. G. Farlow and A. B. Seymour. Cambridge, 1888-91. url p. 84.
• A whaling cruise to Baffin's Bay and the Gulf of Boothia. And an account of the rescue of the the crew of the "Polaris." by Albert Hastings Markham... With an introduction by Rear-Admiral Sherard Osborn. .. London, S. Low, Marston, Low, and Searle, 1875. url p. 281.
• Across the sub-Arctic of Canada, a journey of 3, 200 miles by canoe and snowshoe through the barren lands, by J. W. Tyrrell. .. including a list of plants collected on the expediton, a vocabulary of Eskimo words, a route map and full classified index. With illustrations from photographs taken on the journe Toronto, W. Briggs, 1897. url p. 262.
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url p. 22, p. 296, p. 42, p. 84.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 05, 2007:

• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2668454
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-504163
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13761683
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:807151-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 504163
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR1K0H0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PEHI4
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 53988

Footnotes

1. Zhi-Yun Zhang & Nikolai N. Tzvelev "Orobanchaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 229. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Yang Han-bi, Noel H. Holmgren, Robert R. Mill "Pedicularis". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 97. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 235.150 meters (771.490 feet), Standard Deviation = 413.180 based on 94,017 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.