Passiflora foetida

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vine from Brazil with tendrils and showy, crowned flowers. The common name refers to the mist-like appearance of the finely divided bracts surrounding the fruit.

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Passifloraceae

Climbing herbs or lianas with axillary tendrils , rarely shrubs or trees , vegetative ramification through a supra-axillary bud. Leaves alternate (rarely subopposite), spirally arranged , simple or rarely compound , stipulate or not, petiolate , petiole or base of blade often with 1 to many glands ; leaf blade entire or lobed , venation pinnate or palmate, often with glands on margin and abaxial surface. Inflorescence cymose , axillary, sessile or pedunculate , primary axis often a tendril, secondary axis often reduced; bracts minute to foliaceous , sometimes glandular . Pedicels articulate distal to bracts. Flowers mostly actinomorphic , bisexual , functionally unisexual , or polygamous; perianth persistent , segments free or partially fused at base. Sepals (3-) 5(or 6) . Petals (3-) 5(or 6), imbricate. Corona inserted on hypanthium, composed of filaments or hairs often in multiple series. Stamens (4 or) 5(-60), inserted on androgynophore or at base of hypanthium; filaments free to base or sometimes partially fused; anthers dorsifixed , 2-celled, dehiscing via longitudinal slits, sometimes with apical appendage . Ovary (1-) 3(-5) -carpellate, superior, 1-loculed, sessile or stipitate on elongate androgynophore; placentation parietal ; ovules many, anatropous ; styles (1-) 3(-5), free to partially fused at base; stigmas globose , capitate, papillate , or divided . Fruit a berry or loculicidally 3(-5) -valved capsule. Seeds numerous , compressed , often beaked , enclosed by fleshy aril; testa reticulate or pitted ; endosperm copious , oily; embryo straight; cotyledons foliaceous.

About 16 genera and 660 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, particularly diverse in the New World tropics; two genera and 23 species (seven endemic, seven introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Passiflora

Herbaceous or woody perennial vines , rarely shrubs or trees . Leaves simple or rarely compound , alternate (subopposite in one species), entire or dissected , petiolate , usually with extra-floral nectaries on petiole and/or blade ; stipules linear to leaflike, often glandular . Inflorescence axillary , cymose ; peduncle often highly reduced or absent, central axis developed into a tendril , secondary axes often highly reduced to 1 or 2 flowers; bracts minute to foliaceous , sometimes glandular. Flowers bisexual (rarely plants dioecious) . Hypanthium broad to campanulate . Sepals 5, often petaloid , sometimes with a subapical projection. Petals 5 (rarely absent) . Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments ; innermost series (operculum) membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk (limen ) present around base of androgynophore , fused to base of hypanthium. Stamens (4 or) 5(-8) ; filaments free (rarely connate into a tube around ovary) ; anthers linear or oblong , dorsifixed , versatile. Ovary on androgynophore, stipitate or sessile, 3(-5) -carpellate; styles 3(-5), free; stigmas capitate. Fruit a berry (rarely a dehiscent capsule) . Seeds arillate , compressed , testa pitted ; endosperm oily, abundant; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic or oblong-elliptic; germination epigeal (rarely hypogeal) .

About 520 species: mainly in tropical America and tropical Asia; 20 species (seven endemic, seven introduced ) in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Culture: Space 4-6' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Dysosmia foetida (L.) M. Roem. • Granadilla foetida (L.) Gaertn. • Tripsilina foetida

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Passiflora

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 265 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

P. actinea (Passion Flower) · P. adenopoda (Passionflower) · P. affinis (Bracted Passion-Flower) · P. alata (Passionflower) · P. alata var. brasiliana (Wingstem Passionflower) · P. alata var. latifolia (Wingstem Passionflower) · P. allantophylla (Passionflower) · P. amalocarpa (Passionflower) · P. amethyst (Lavender Lady) · P. amethystina (Passion Flower) · P. amethystina 'Minas Gerais' (Passionflower) · P. amoena (Charming Passionflower) · P. ampullacea (Passion Flower) · P. anadenia (Tropical Passionflower) · P. anfracta (Passionflower) · P. antioquiensis (Passionflower) · P. antioquiensis var. trisecta (Banana Passionfruit) · P. apetala (Passion Flower) · P. arbelaezii (Passionflower) · P. arborea (Passionflower) · P. arida (Passion Flower) · P. astrophea (Passion Flower) · P. atropurpurea (Passion Flower) · P. aurantia (Passionflower) · P. auriculata (Passionflower) · P. belotii (Belot's Passionflower) · P. berteriana (Pasionaria De Cercas) · P. bicornis (Passion Flower Passiflora Bicornis) · P. biflora (Passion Vine) · P. bilobata (Twolobe Passionflower) · P. boenderi (Passion Flower) · P. bryonioides (Cupped Passion-Flower) · P. caerulea (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea var. angustifolia (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. glauca (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. imbricata (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. regnellii (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea 'Clear Sky' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Constance Eliott' (Passionflower 'constance Eliot') · P. caerulea 'Constance Elliott' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Spyder' (Blue Crown Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Waterloo Blue' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caeruleo-racemosa (Passionflower) · P. candida (Passionflower) · P. capsularis (Passion Flower) · P. ciliata (Fetid Passionflower) · P. ciliata var. riparia (Fringed Passionflower) · P. ciliata var. riparia C.Wright (Fringed Passionflower) · P. cincinnata (Crato Passionvine) · P. cincinnata var. imbricata (Crato Passionvine) · P. cincinnata var. minor (Crato Passionvine) · P. cinnabarina (Passionflower) · P. citrifolia (Passion Flower) · P. citrina (Citrus-Yellow Passion Flower) · P. coccinea (Passionflower) · P. coccinea 'Maui' (Passionflower) · P. colinvauxii (Colinvauxs Passion Flower) · P. colombiana (Passion Flower) · P. colvillii (Colville's Passionflower) · P. coriacea (Bat-Leaf Passion Flower) · P. cumbalensis (Rosy Passion Fruit) · P. cuprea (Passion Flower) · P. cyanea (Passion Flower) · P. dioscoreifolia (Passionflower) · P. discophora (Passionflowers) · P. edulis (Byron Beauty Hybrid Passionflower) · P. edulis f. edulis (Purple Passionfruit) · P. edulis f. flavicarpa (Brown-Seeded Passionfruit) · P. edulis var. flavicarpa (Yellow Passion Fruit Maracuja) · P. edulis var. kerii (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis var. pomifera (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis var. rubricaulis (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Frederick' (Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Golden Star' (Purple Granadilla 'golden Star') · P. edulis 'Mccain' (Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Nancy Garrison' (Granadilla) · P. filipes (Slender Passion-Flower) · P. fimbriatistipula (Passion Flower) · P. foetida (Fetid Passionflower) · P. foetida f. latifolia (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida f. suberecta (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. arizonica Killip (Arizona Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. foetida L. (Fetid Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. gossypiifolia (Desv. ex Ham.) Mast. (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. isthmia Killip (Scarletfruit Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. lanuginosa Killip (Scarletfruit Passionflower) · P. foetida var. acapulcensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. arida (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. arizonica (Arizonia Passionflower) · P. foetida var. balansae (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. ciliata (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. eliasii (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. fluminensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. foetida (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. galapagensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gardneri (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. glaziovii (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gossypifolia (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gossypiifolia (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida var. hirsuta (Goat-Scented Passionflower)

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Further Reading

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• Travels of Ruiz, Pavón, and Dombey in Peru and Chile (1777-1788) / by Hipólito Ruiz; with an epilogue and official documents added by Agustín Jesús Barreiro; translation by B.E. Dahlgren. 21 1940 Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1940. url p. 102, p. 29, p. 309, p. 310.
• Tropic days / by E. J. Banfield. London: T.F. Unwin, 1918. url p. 67.
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 1000, p. 520, p. 530, p. 534, p. 665, p. 801.
• Woods of northeastern Peru, by Llewelyn Williams. 15 1936 Chicago, 1936. url p. 558.
• Wrightia. 7 1981-1984 Richardson, Tex. [etc.]University of Texas at Dallas. url p. 150, p. 209.
• Bao Shihying. 1999. Passifloraceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 97-120.
• Killip, The American Species of Passifloraceae (Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 19(1-2): 1-331, 333-613. 1938);
• de Wilde, A monograph of the genus Adenia Forsk. (Passifloraceae) (Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71(18): 1-281. 1971)
• de Wilde, The Indigenous Old World Passifloras (Blumea 20: 227-250. 1973 ["1972"]).

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, SysTax
• SysTax, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
• SysTax, Universidade Federal do Parana
• Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility, Magnoliophyta
• The New York Botanical Garden, Vascular Plant Type Specimens
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2648060
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-22225
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13741623
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:675000-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 26968
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 22225
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 675000-1
• MoBot NameID: 24200152
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDPAS01070
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PAFOL
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 53888

Footnotes

1. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick, Peter Møller Jørgensen & David Hearn "Passifloraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick & Peter Møller Jørgensen "Passiflora". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.