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• Physical Description
• Distribution
• Growth
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Taxonomy

Physical Description

Family Passifloraceae:

Climbing herbs or lianas with axillary tendrils, rarely shrubs or trees, vegetative ramification through a supra-axillary bud. Leaves alternate (rarely subopposite), spirally arranged, simple or rarely compound, stipulate or not, petiolate, petiole or base of blade often with 1 to many glands; leaf blade entire or lobed, venation pinnate or palmate, often with glands on margin and abaxial surface. Inflorescence cymose, axillary, sessile or pedunculate, primary axis often a tendril, secondary axis often reduced; bracts minute to foliaceous, sometimes glandular. Pedicels articulate distal to bracts. Flowers mostly actinomorphic, bisexual, functionally unisexual, or polygamous; perianth persistent, segments free or partially fused at base. Sepals (3-) 5(or 6) . Petals (3-) 5(or 6), imbricate. Corona inserted on hypanthium, composed of filaments or hairs often in multiple series. Stamens (4 or) 5(-60), inserted on androgynophore or at base of hypanthium; filaments free to base or sometimes partially fused; anthers dorsifixed, 2-celled, dehiscing via longitudinal slits, sometimes with apical appendage. Ovary (1-) 3(-5) -carpellate, superior, 1-loculed, sessile or stipitate on elongate androgynophore; placentation parietal; ovules many, anatropous; styles (1-) 3(-5), free to partially fused at base; stigmas globose, capitate, papillate, or divided. Fruit a berry or loculicidally 3(-5) -valved capsule. Seeds numerous, compressed, often beaked, enclosed by fleshy aril; testa reticulate or pitted; endosperm copious, oily; embryo straight; cotyledons foliaceous.

About 16 genera and 660 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, particularly diverse in the New World tropics; two genera and 23 species (seven endemic, seven introduced) in China.^[1]

Genus Passiflora:

Herbaceous or woody perennial vines, rarely shrubs or trees. Leaves simple or rarely compound, alternate (subopposite in one species), entire or dissected, petiolate, usually with extra-floral nectaries on petiole and/or blade; stipules linear to leaflike, often glandular. Inflorescence axillary, cymose; peduncle often highly reduced or absent, central axis developed into a tendril, secondary axes often highly reduced to 1 or 2 flowers; bracts minute to foliaceous, sometimes glandular. Flowers bisexual (rarely plants dioecious) . Hypanthium broad to campanulate. Sepals 5, often petaloid, sometimes with a subapical projection. Petals 5 (rarely absent) . Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments; innermost series (operculum) membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk (limen) present around base of androgynophore, fused to base of hypanthium. Stamens (4 or) 5(-8) ; filaments free (rarely connate into a tube around ovary) ; anthers linear or oblong, dorsifixed, versatile. Ovary on androgynophore, stipitate or sessile, 3(-5) -carpellate; styles 3(-5), free; stigmas capitate. Fruit a berry (rarely a dehiscent capsule) . Seeds arillate, compressed, testa pitted; endosperm oily, abundant; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic or oblong-elliptic; germination epigeal (rarely hypogeal) .

About 520 species: mainly in tropical America and tropical Asia; 20 species (seven endemic, seven introduced) in China.^[2]

Habit: Deciduous.

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: chartreuse, near white, purple, white, yellow-green

Distribution

Growth

Culture: Space 4-6' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Similar Species

Members of the genus Passiflora:

There are approximately 1,428 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: P. pedata stipularis · P. alato-caerulea · P. belottii · P. buonapartea · P. caponii · P. colvillei · P. decaisneana · P. innesii · P. kewensis · P. lawsoniana · P. lemicheziana · P. loudoni · P. 'Aafje' (Passionflower) · P. 'Adularia' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Allardii' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Allspice' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Amethyst' · P. 'Anastasia' · P. 'Andy' (Passionflower) · P. 'Anemona' · P. 'Angelo Blu' · P. 'Anna Christine' · P. 'Anna' · P. 'Aragorn' (Passionflower) · P. 'Aurora' · P. 'Barborea' · P. 'Blaumilch' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Blue Bird' · P. 'Blue Bouquet' (Blue Bouquet Passionflower) · P. 'Blue Carnival' · P. 'Blue Eyed Susan' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Blue Horizon' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Blue Moon' · P. 'Byron Beauty' (Byron Beauty Passionflower) · P. 'Cacita' · P. 'Coordination' · P. 'Coral Glow' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Crimson Tears' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Crimson Trees' · P. 'Curiosa' · P. 'Dakota Ransom' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Debby' · P. 'Donna Brigham' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Eclipse' · P. 'Eden' · P. 'Elizabeth' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Empress Eugenie' · P. 'Enigma' · P. 'Erik' · P. 'Evatoria' · P. 'Everywhere' · P. 'Excel' · P. 'Fairylights' · P. 'Fledermouse' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Flying V' (Passionflower) · P. 'Golden Glow' · P. 'Grace Ann' · P. 'Hartwiesiana' · P. 'Hematite' · P. 'Hil Pas Eden' · P. 'Indigo Dream' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Inspiration' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Inverleith' · P. 'Jeanette' (Jeanette Passionflower) · P. 'Jelly Joker' · P. 'Joan Marie' · P. 'Kate Adie' · P. 'Lady Margaret' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Lavender Lady' (Amethyst Passion Flower) · P. 'Lilac Lady' · P. 'Lucia' · P. 'Maria' · P. 'Marie' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Mary Jane' (Passionflower) · P. 'Mavis Mastics' · P. 'Maxim' · P. 'Miranda' · P. 'New Incense' · P. 'Oriental Sunset' · P. 'Panama Red' (Passion Flower) · P. 'P. Cinnabarina' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Perfume' · P. 'Peter Lawerence' · P. 'Peter Lawrence' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Pink Jewel' · P. 'Pink Nightmare' · P. 'Pink Polka Dot' · P. 'Pink Promenade' · P. 'Piresii' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Pura Vida 1' · P. 'Pura Vida 2' · P. 'Pura Vida 7' · P. 'Pura Vida Purple' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Pura Vida' (Passion Flower) · P.'Pura-Vida' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Purple Gem' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Purple Haze' (Passion Flower) · P. 'Purple Passion' · P. 'Purple Rain' · P. 'Purple Tiger' (Passion Flower)

Bibliography

• Bao Shihying. 1999. Passifloraceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 97-120.
• Killip, The American Species of Passifloraceae (Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 19(1-2): 1-331, 333-613. 1938);
• de Wilde, A monograph of the genus Adenia Forsk. (Passifloraceae) (Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71(18): 1-281. 1971)
• de Wilde, The Indigenous Old World Passifloras (Blumea 20: 227-250. 1973 ["1972"]).

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Notes

Contributors:

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 6, 2006.

Identifiers:

• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 962520

Footnotes:

1. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick, Peter Møller Jørgensen & David Hearn "Passifloraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
2. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick & Peter Møller Jørgensen "Passiflora". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.