Passiflora capsularis

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Passifloraceae

Climbing herbs or lianas with axillary tendrils , rarely shrubs or trees , vegetative ramification through a supra-axillary bud. Leaves alternate (rarely subopposite), spirally arranged , simple or rarely compound , stipulate or not, petiolate , petiole or base of blade often with 1 to many glands ; leaf blade entire or lobed , venation pinnate or palmate, often with glands on margin and abaxial surface. Inflorescence cymose , axillary, sessile or pedunculate , primary axis often a tendril, secondary axis often reduced; bracts minute to foliaceous , sometimes glandular . Pedicels articulate distal to bracts. Flowers mostly actinomorphic , bisexual , functionally unisexual , or polygamous; perianth persistent , segments free or partially fused at base. Sepals (3-) 5(or 6) . Petals (3-) 5(or 6), imbricate. Corona inserted on hypanthium, composed of filaments or hairs often in multiple series. Stamens (4 or) 5(-60), inserted on androgynophore or at base of hypanthium; filaments free to base or sometimes partially fused; anthers dorsifixed , 2-celled, dehiscing via longitudinal slits, sometimes with apical appendage . Ovary (1-) 3(-5) -carpellate, superior, 1-loculed, sessile or stipitate on elongate androgynophore; placentation parietal ; ovules many, anatropous ; styles (1-) 3(-5), free to partially fused at base; stigmas globose , capitate, papillate , or divided . Fruit a berry or loculicidally 3(-5) -valved capsule. Seeds numerous , compressed , often beaked , enclosed by fleshy aril; testa reticulate or pitted ; endosperm copious , oily; embryo straight; cotyledons foliaceous.

About 16 genera and 660 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical areas, particularly diverse in the New World tropics; two genera and 23 species (seven endemic, seven introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Passiflora

Herbaceous or woody perennial vines , rarely shrubs or trees . Leaves simple or rarely compound , alternate (subopposite in one species), entire or dissected , petiolate , usually with extra-floral nectaries on petiole and/or blade ; stipules linear to leaflike, often glandular . Inflorescence axillary , cymose ; peduncle often highly reduced or absent, central axis developed into a tendril , secondary axes often highly reduced to 1 or 2 flowers; bracts minute to foliaceous , sometimes glandular. Flowers bisexual (rarely plants dioecious) . Hypanthium broad to campanulate . Sepals 5, often petaloid , sometimes with a subapical projection. Petals 5 (rarely absent) . Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments ; innermost series (operculum) membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk (limen ) present around base of androgynophore , fused to base of hypanthium. Stamens (4 or) 5(-8) ; filaments free (rarely connate into a tube around ovary) ; anthers linear or oblong , dorsifixed , versatile. Ovary on androgynophore, stipitate or sessile, 3(-5) -carpellate; styles 3(-5), free; stigmas capitate. Fruit a berry (rarely a dehiscent capsule) . Seeds arillate , compressed , testa pitted ; endosperm oily, abundant; embryo straight; cotyledons elliptic or oblong-elliptic; germination epigeal (rarely hypogeal) .

About 520 species: mainly in tropical America and tropical Asia; 20 species (seven endemic, seven introduced ) in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Decaloba Capsularis • Decaloba capsularis (L.) M. Roem. • Granadilla Capsularis • Granadilla capsularis (L.) Medik.

Notes

Publishing author : L. Publication : Sp. Pl. 957.

A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Passiflora

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 265 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

P. actinea (Passion Flower) · P. adenopoda (Passionflower) · P. affinis (Bracted Passion-Flower) · P. alata (Passionflower) · P. alata var. brasiliana (Wingstem Passionflower) · P. alata var. latifolia (Wingstem Passionflower) · P. allantophylla (Passionflower) · P. amalocarpa (Passionflower) · P. amethyst (Lavender Lady) · P. amethystina (Passion Flower) · P. amethystina 'Minas Gerais' (Passionflower) · P. amoena (Charming Passionflower) · P. ampullacea (Passion Flower) · P. anadenia (Tropical Passionflower) · P. anfracta (Passionflower) · P. antioquiensis (Passionflower) · P. antioquiensis var. trisecta (Banana Passionfruit) · P. apetala (Passion Flower) · P. arbelaezii (Passionflower) · P. arborea (Passionflower) · P. arida (Passion Flower) · P. astrophea (Passion Flower) · P. atropurpurea (Passion Flower) · P. aurantia (Passionflower) · P. auriculata (Passionflower) · P. belotii (Belot's Passionflower) · P. berteriana (Pasionaria De Cercas) · P. bicornis (Passion Flower Passiflora Bicornis) · P. biflora (Passion Vine) · P. bilobata (Twolobe Passionflower) · P. boenderi (Passion Flower) · P. bryonioides (Cupped Passion-Flower) · P. caerulea (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea var. angustifolia (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. glauca (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. imbricata (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea var. regnellii (Blue-Crown Passionflower) · P. caerulea 'Clear Sky' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Constance Eliott' (Passionflower 'constance Eliot') · P. caerulea 'Constance Elliott' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Spyder' (Blue Crown Passion Flower) · P. caerulea 'Waterloo Blue' (Blue Passion Flower) · P. caeruleo-racemosa (Passionflower) · P. candida (Passionflower) · P. capsularis (Passion Flower) · P. ciliata (Fetid Passionflower) · P. ciliata var. riparia (Fringed Passionflower) · P. ciliata var. riparia C.Wright (Fringed Passionflower) · P. cincinnata (Crato Passionvine) · P. cincinnata var. imbricata (Crato Passionvine) · P. cincinnata var. minor (Crato Passionvine) · P. cinnabarina (Passionflower) · P. citrifolia (Passion Flower) · P. citrina (Citrus-Yellow Passion Flower) · P. coccinea (Passionflower) · P. coccinea 'Maui' (Passionflower) · P. colinvauxii (Colinvauxs Passion Flower) · P. colombiana (Passion Flower) · P. colvillii (Colville's Passionflower) · P. coriacea (Bat-Leaf Passion Flower) · P. cumbalensis (Rosy Passion Fruit) · P. cuprea (Passion Flower) · P. cyanea (Passion Flower) · P. dioscoreifolia (Passionflower) · P. discophora (Passionflowers) · P. edulis (Byron Beauty Hybrid Passionflower) · P. edulis f. edulis (Purple Passionfruit) · P. edulis f. flavicarpa (Brown-Seeded Passionfruit) · P. edulis var. flavicarpa (Yellow Passion Fruit Maracuja) · P. edulis var. kerii (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis var. pomifera (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis var. rubricaulis (Purple Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Frederick' (Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Golden Star' (Purple Granadilla 'golden Star') · P. edulis 'Mccain' (Granadilla) · P. edulis 'Nancy Garrison' (Granadilla) · P. filipes (Slender Passion-Flower) · P. fimbriatistipula (Passion Flower) · P. foetida (Fetid Passionflower) · P. foetida f. latifolia (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida f. suberecta (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. arizonica Killip (Arizona Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. foetida L. (Fetid Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. gossypiifolia (Desv. ex Ham.) Mast. (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. isthmia Killip (Scarletfruit Passionflower) · P. foetida L. var. lanuginosa Killip (Scarletfruit Passionflower) · P. foetida var. acapulcensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. arida (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. arizonica (Arizonia Passionflower) · P. foetida var. balansae (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. ciliata (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. eliasii (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. fluminensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. foetida (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. galapagensis (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gardneri (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. glaziovii (Stinking Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gossypifolia (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida var. gossypiifolia (Cottonleaf Passionflower) · P. foetida var. hirsuta (Goat-Scented Passionflower)

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Further Reading

• A general history of the dichlamydeous plants, comprising complete descriptions of the different orders; together with the characters of the genera and species, and an enumeration of the cultivated varieties. .. the scientific names accentuated, t By George Don. London, J.G. and F. Rivington [etc.]1831-38. url p. 49.
• A general system of gardening and botany. Founded upon Miller's Gardener's dictionary, and arranged according to the natural system. By George Don. London, Printed for C. J. G. and F. Rivington, 1831-38. url p. 49.
• An introduction to the natural system of botany: or, A systematic view of the organization, natural affinities, and geographical distribution of the whole vegetable kingdom; together with the uses of the most important species in medicine, the arts, By John Lindley. New York, G. & C. & H. Carvill, 1831. url p. 384.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 56.
• Biologia centrali-americana; or, Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. London, Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter and Dulau & co., 1879-88. url .
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 41, p. 69.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1906 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 168, p. 208, p. 82.
• Bulletin. Bureau of Plant Industry. U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1901-13. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off. url p. 41, p. 69.
• Curtis's botanical magazine. 126 1900 London; New York [etc.]: Academic Press [etc.] url , , .
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 411.
• Flora of Costa Rica. .. by Paul C. Standley. .. 18 1937 Chicago, 1937. url p. 728.
• Flora of Guatemala / Paul C. Standley and Louis O. Williams. 24 1961 Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Natural History Museum, 1961. url p. 121, fig. 14, page 123, p. vii.
• Hortus Mortolensis: enumeratio plantarum in Horto Mortolensi cultarum = Alphabetical catalogue of plants growing in the garden of the late Sir Thomas Hanbury. .. at La Mortola, Ventimiglia, Italy / compiled by Alwin Berger. London: West, Newman, 1912. url p. 416.
• Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington [etc., Washington Academy of Sciences] url p. 257, p. 259.
• Novon a journal of botanical nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden. 14 2004 St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden, url p. 455, p. 456.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 202.
• Seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1903-1913. url p. 41.
• The American species of Passifloraceae, by Ellsworth P. Killip. 19 1938 [Chicago]1938. url p. 131, p. 132, p. 211, p. 212, p. 214, p. 217.
• The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 578, p. 580.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 16, p. 209.
• The Gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orome, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 151.
• The Gardeners' chronicle and agricultural gazette. London: published for the proprietors, 1844-1873. url p. 1528.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url .
• The gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 239.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 2486.
• The vegetable kingdom: or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system / by John Lindley. London: Bradbury and Evans, 1846. url p. 333.
• The vegetable kingdom; or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, LondonBradbury & Evans1853 url p. 333.
• Bao Shihying. 1999. Passifloraceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 97-120.
• Killip, The American Species of Passifloraceae (Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 19(1-2): 1-331, 333-613. 1938);
• de Wilde, A monograph of the genus Adenia Forsk. (Passifloraceae) (Meded. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71(18): 1-281. 1971)
• de Wilde, The Indigenous Old World Passifloras (Blumea 20: 227-250. 1973 ["1972"]).

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 26, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, SysTax
• SysTax, Universidade Federal do Parana

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3459455
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13818864
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:674868-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 321950-2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 879233

Footnotes

1. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick, Peter Møller Jørgensen & David Hearn "Passifloraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Yinzheng Wang, Shawn E. Krosnick & Peter Møller Jørgensen "Passiflora". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 141. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.