Paspalum paniculatum

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Paspalum

Perennials or annuals . Culms tufted , or with creeping rhizomes and stolons. Leaf blades linear or narrowly lanceolate, flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence composed of single, digitate or scattered racemes ; rachis flat, often winged ; spikelets single or paired , pedicellate in 2-4 rows , densely crowded, lower lemma abaxial . Spikelets orbicular , ovate or elliptic plano-convex ; lower glume absent or rarely present as a small scale; upper glume as long as spikelet or nearly so, rarely absent, convex , membranous to subpapery, 3-7-veined; lower lemma resembling upper glume, flat, neuter without palea; upper lemma usually coriaceous to crustaceous , rarely softer, margins inrolled , apex obtuse to apiculate . x = 10.

About 330 species:tropical and warm-temperate regions, especially in the New World; 16 species (two endemic, eight introduced ) in China.

This genus includes a number of good forage grasses and also some widespread weeds .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Moist places along roadsides, naturalized .[2].

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Panicum paniculatum (L.) Kuntze • Panicum paniculatum (L.) Nash

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Paspalum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 78 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. acuminatum (Book Paspalum) · P. almum (Comb's Crowngrass) · P. arundinaceum (Thick Ditch Crowngrass) · P. bakeri (Baker's Crowngrass) · P. bifidum (Pitchfork Crowngrass) · P. blodgettii (Blodgett's Crowngrass) · P. boscianum (Bull Crowngrass) · P. caespitosum (Blue Crowngrass) · P. clavuliferum (Hillside Crowngrass) · P. compressum (Savannah Grass) · P. conjugatum (Herbe Creole) · P. conspersum (Scattered Paspalum) · P. convexum (Latin American Crowngrass) · P. coryphaeum (Emperor Crowngrass) · P. decumbens (Decumbent Crowngrass) · P. densum (Dense Crowngrass) · P. denticulatum (Longtom) · P. dilatatum (Dallas Grass) · P. dilatatum dilatatum (Palpalum Dilate) · P. dispar (Mosquito Crowngrass) · P. dissectum (Mudbank Crowngrass) · P. distichum (Joint Paspalum) · P. fasciculatum (Mexican Crowngrass) · P. fimbriatum (Colombia Grass) · P. floridanum (Florida Paspalum) · P. fluitans (Horse-Tail Paspalum) · P. hartwegianum (Hartweg's Paspalum) · P. hieronymi (Paspalum) · P. hydrophilum (Water Paspalum) · P. intermedium (Intermediate Paspalum) · P. laeve (Field Paspalum) · P. laeve var. laeve (Field Paspalum) · P. langei (Rusty-Seed Paspalum) · P. laxum (Coconut Paspalum) · P. lividum (Longtom) · P. longifolium (Long-Leaved Paspalum) · P. macrophyllum (Bigleaf Paspalum) · P. malacophyllum (Ribbed Paspalum) · P. maritimum (Coastalsand Paspalum) · P. millegrana (Paja Brava) · P. minus (Mat Paspalum) · P. modestum (Water Paspalum) · P. molle (Soft Paspalum) · P. monostachyum (Gulfdune Paspalum) · P. nicorae (Brunswickgrass) · P. notatum (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum var. latiflorum (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum var. notatum (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum var. saurae (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum 'Argentine' (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum 'Pensacola' (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum 'Tifton 9' (Bahia Grass) · P. orbiculatum (Circular Paspalum) · P. paniculatum (Arrocillo) · P. parviflorum (Smallseed Paspalum) · P. pauciciliatum (Prostrate Dallis Grass) · P. paucispicatum (Large Knotgrass) · P. pleostachyum (Tropical Paspalum) · P. plicatulum (Brown-Seed Paspalum) · P. praecox (Early Paspalum) · P. pubiflorum (Hairy-Seed Paspalum) · P. pubiflorum var. pubiflorum (Hairyseed Paspalum) · P. pulchellum (Grand Paspalum) · P. quadrifarium (Tussock Paspalum) · P. racemosum (Peruvian Paspalum) · P. rupestre (Rock Paspalum) · P. scrobiculatum (India Paspalum) · P. scrobiculatum var. orbiculare (Ditch Millet) · P. secans (Slender Ditch Paspalum) · P. setaceum (Fringeleaf Paspalum) · P. thunbergii (Japanese Paspalum) · P. unispicatum (One-Spike Paspalum) · P. urvillei (Vasey Grass) · P. vaginatum (Seashore Paspalum) · P. vaginatum 'Te-13' (Seashore Paspalum) · P. virgatum (Talquezal) · P. virletii (Virlet Paspalum) · P. wrightii (Wrights Paspalum)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A provisional list of the indigenous and naturalized flowering plants of Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica, Aston W. Gardner & Co., 1893. url .
• Allan Hancock Atlantic expedition / University of Southern California. Los Angeles, Calif.: The University, 1945-[1964] url p. 22, p. 44.
• An annotated catalogue of types of the University of Illinois mycological collections (ILL) / Urbana: University of Illinois Press, c1997. url p. 339.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1913. url p. 126.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 125.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 1905 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 42, p. 50.
• Biologia centrali-americana; or, Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. London, Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter and Dulau & co., 1879-88. url .
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 17 1912 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 173, p. 189, p. 287, p. 288, p. 774, p. 833, p. 926.
• Bulletin from the laboratories of natural history of the State University of Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa: The University, 1888-[1918]. url , p. 185, p. 186, p. 187.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 402.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 30 1903 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 376, p. 381.
• Catalogue of the African plants London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 1896-1901. url .
• Catalogue of the African plants collected by Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch in 1853-61. .. London, Printed by order of the Trustees, 1896-1901. url p. 161.
• Catalogue of the grasses of Cuba. By A. S. Hitchcock. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1909. url p. 204, p. 248, p. 251, p. 254.
• Catalogue of the grasses of Cuba. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1909. url p. 204, p. 248, p. 251, p. 254.
• Contribution [I]-III to the coastal and plain flora of Yucatan, by Charles Frederick Millspaugh. 1 1896 Chicago, 1895-1898. url p. 288.
• Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- url p. 379.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 12 1908-1909 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 114, p. 116, p. 117, p. 121, p. 122, p. 123, p. 204, p. 235, p. 248, p. 251, p. 254, p. 316, p. 33, p. 362, p. 39, p. 391, p. 402, p. 406, p. 407, p. 408, p. 409, p. 412, p. 412, p. 413, p. 415, p. 415, p. 417, p. 418, p. 420, p. 422, p. 423, p. 424, p. 425, p. 428, p. 429, p. 430, p. 431, p. 433, p. 434, p. 437, p. 438, p. 439, p. 441, p. 441, p. 442, p. 443, p. 444, p. 445, p. 446, p. 447, p. 447, p. 448, p. 449, p. 450, p. 451, p. 455, p. 455, p. 456, p. 457, p. 458, p. 462, p. 463, p. 468, p. 471, p. 473, p. 474, p. 475, p. 479, p. 491, p. 495, p. 496, p. 502, p. 516, p. 519, p. 521, p. 522, p. 524, p. 529, p. 534, p. 538, p. 539, p. 542, p. 550, p. 551, p. 552, p. 640, p. 7, p. 707, p. 708, p. 709, p. 710, p. 711, p. 713, p. 714, p. 715, p. 718, p. 719, p. 720, p. 722, p. 723, p. 724, p. 725, p. 733, p. 734, p. 735, p. 736, p. 737, p. 738, p. 739, p. 740, p. 741, p. 743, p. 744, p. 745, p. 746, p. 747, p. 748, p. 749, p. 750, p. 751, p. 752, p. 753, p. 754, p. 755, p. 757, p. 758, p. 759, p. 761, p. 762, p. 79.
• Contributions to North American ichthyology. Based primarily on the collections of the United States National Museum. Washington: Govt. print. off., 1877-78. url p. 103.
• Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 27.
• Family #15, Gramineae / Richard W. Pohl. 4 1980 [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1980. url fig. 162 , p. 400, p. 434, p. 435, p. 604.
• Flora Americae Septentrionalis: or, A systematic arrangement and description of the plants of North America. Containing, besides what have been described by preceding authors, many new and rare species, collected during twelve years by Frederick Pursh. .. London: Printed for James Black and son, 1816. url p. 71.
• Flora of Costa Rica. .. by Paul C. Standley. .. 18 1937 Chicago, 1937. url p. 87.
• Flora of Guatemala: part II: grasses of Guatemala / Jason R. Swallen; Bamboos / F.A. McClure. 24 1955 Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Natural History Museum, 1955. url p. 288.
• Flora of Peru... by J. Francis Macbride. 13 1936 Chicago, 1936- url p. 215.
• Flora of Yucatan, by Paul C. Standley. 3 1930 Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1930. url p. 207.
• Flora of the Aguan valley and the coastal regions near La Ceiba, Honduras, by T. G. Yuncker. 9 1940 [Chicago]1940. url p. 258.
• Flora of the Lancetilla Valley, Honduras, by Paul C. Standley. 10 1931 Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1931. url p. 99.
• Flora of the islands of Margarita and Coche, Venezuela / by John Robert Johnston. Boston: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, 1909. url p. 188.
• Grasses of the West Indies. By A. S. Hitchcock and Agnes Chase. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1917. url p. 316, p. 402, p. 406, p. 407, p. 408, p. 409, p. 412, p. 415, p. 417, p. 418, p. 420, p. 422, p. 424, p. 425, p. 428, p. 429, p. 430, p. 431, p. 432, p. 433, p. 434, p. 437, p. 438, p. 441, p. 442, p. 446, p. 447, p. 449, p. 450, p. 451, p. 455, p. 456, p. 458, p. 461, p. 462, p. 463, p. 471.
• Grasses of the West Indies. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1917. url p. 316, p. 402, p. 406, p. 407, p. 408, p. 409, p. 412, p. 413, p. 415, p. 417, p. 418, p. 420, p. 422, p. 423, p. 424, p. 425, p. 428, p. 429, p. 430, p. 431, p. 432, p. 433, p. 434, p. 437, p. 438, p. 439, p. 441, p. 442, p. 443, p. 445, p. 446, p. 447, p. 449, p. 450, p. 451, p. 455, p. 456, p. 458, p. 461, p. 462, p. 463, p. 468, p. 471.
• Grisebach, A. H. R. Flora of the British West Indian islands /by A.H.R. Grisebach. [1859]-18 London, L. Reeve, 1864. url p. 543.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 32, p. 51.
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• Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany. 6 1862 London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts: ||Williams and Norgate, 1857-1864. url p. 37.
• Manual of the grasses of the United States / by A.S. Hitchcock. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1935. url p. 922.
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• Notes on genera of Paniceae: I-IV / s.l.: s.n., 1906-1911. url p. 137.
• Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, url p. 57.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 59.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 230.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 558.
• Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Boston: Metcalf and Co., 1846-1958 url p. 495.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 137.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 78 1927 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 7.
• Studies in natural history. Iowa City, Ia. url , p. 185, p. 186, p. 187.
• The Journal of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture. San Juan: [Board of Commissioners of Agriculture, 1917]. url p. 182, p. 220.
• The North American species of Panicum, Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1910. url p. 39.
• The flora of Barro Colorado Island, Panama, by Paul C. Standley. City of Washington, The Smithsonian Institution, 1927. url p. 9.
• The flora of St. Croix and the Virgin Islands, by Baron H.F.A. Eggers. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1879. url p. 103.
• The flora of the American Virgin Islands / N.L. Britton. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1918. url p. 27.
• The flora of the Dutch West Indian islands St. Eustatius, Saba and St. Martin. Leyden, Brill, 1909. url p. 288.
• The forests and flora of British Honduras / by Paul C. Standley and Samuel J. Record; in cooperation with the Conservator of Forests and the Agricultural Officer of the Colony. 12 1936 Chicago: [Field Museum of Natural History], 1936. url p. 72.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 262.
• Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2nd series: Botany 4 1894-1896 London. url p. 269, p. 504.
• Tropical North American species of Panicum. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1915. url p. 39, p. 39.
• Types of American grasses: a study of the American species of grasses described by Linnæus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz, and Michaux. Washington, Govt. print. off., 1908. url p. 116, p. 134.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 22, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 20 providers.
• "Paspalum paniculatum". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 526, 529. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 30, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• SysTax, EMBRAPA
• SysTax, EMBRAPA Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia - CENARGEN
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, SysTax
• SysTax, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
• Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility, Magnoliophyta
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Galapagos grasses and sedges
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM, MEXU/Plantas Vasculares

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2661188
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-41052
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13821362
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:56424-3
• GRIN Nomen Number: 26893
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 41052
• MoBot NameID: 25512329
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA4P120
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PAPA11
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 53853

Footnotes

1. Shou-liang Chen & Sylvia M. Phillips "Paspalum". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 1, 500, 526. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Paspalum paniculatum". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 526, 529. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.