Paspalum fluitans

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Paspalum

Perennials or annuals . Culms tufted , or with creeping rhizomes and stolons. Leaf blades linear or narrowly lanceolate, flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence composed of single, digitate or scattered racemes ; rachis flat, often winged ; spikelets single or paired , pedicellate in 2-4 rows , densely crowded, lower lemma abaxial . Spikelets orbicular , ovate or elliptic plano-convex ; lower glume absent or rarely present as a small scale; upper glume as long as spikelet or nearly so, rarely absent, convex , membranous to subpapery, 3-7-veined; lower lemma resembling upper glume, flat, neuter without palea; upper lemma usually coriaceous to crustaceous , rarely softer, margins inrolled , apex obtuse to apiculate . x = 10.

About 330 species:tropical and warm-temperate regions, especially in the New World; 16 species (two endemic, eight introduced ) in China.

This genus includes a number of good forage grasses and also some widespread weeds .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,457 meters (0 to 4,780 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: Yes • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Summer • Fruit/Seed Period End: Fall • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: No • Anaerobic Tolerance: High • Salinity Tolerance: Low • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 6.0 • Maximum pH: 7.5 • Fertility Requirement: Medium

Sunlight: Shade Tolerance: Intermediate

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: None • Minimum Precipitation: 40 • Maximum Precipitation: 64 • Moisture Use: High

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): -23 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 190

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Paspalum mucronatum Muhl. • Paspalum repens auct. non Berg. • Paspalum repens var. fluitans (Ell.) J. Wipff & S. D. Jones

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Paspalum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 78 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. acuminatum (Book Paspalum) · P. almum (Comb's Crowngrass) · P. arundinaceum (Thick Ditch Crowngrass) · P. bakeri (Baker's Crowngrass) · P. bifidum (Pitchfork Crowngrass) · P. blodgettii (Blodgett's Crowngrass) · P. boscianum (Bull Crowngrass) · P. caespitosum (Blue Crowngrass) · P. clavuliferum (Hillside Crowngrass) · P. compressum (Savannah Grass) · P. conjugatum (Herbe Creole) · P. conspersum (Scattered Paspalum) · P. convexum (Latin American Crowngrass) · P. coryphaeum (Emperor Crowngrass) · P. decumbens (Decumbent Crowngrass) · P. densum (Dense Crowngrass) · P. denticulatum (Longtom) · P. dilatatum (Dallas Grass) · P. dilatatum dilatatum (Palpalum Dilate) · P. dispar (Mosquito Crowngrass) · P. dissectum (Mudbank Crowngrass) · P. distichum (Joint Paspalum) · P. fasciculatum (Mexican Crowngrass) · P. fimbriatum (Colombia Grass) · P. floridanum (Florida Paspalum) · P. fluitans (Horse-Tail Paspalum) · P. hartwegianum (Hartweg's Paspalum) · P. hieronymi (Paspalum) · P. hydrophilum (Water Paspalum) · P. intermedium (Intermediate Paspalum) · P. laeve (Field Paspalum) · P. laeve var. laeve (Field Paspalum) · P. langei (Rusty-Seed Paspalum) · P. laxum (Coconut Paspalum) · P. lividum (Longtom) · P. longifolium (Long-Leaved Paspalum) · P. macrophyllum (Bigleaf Paspalum) · P. malacophyllum (Ribbed Paspalum) · P. maritimum (Coastalsand Paspalum) · P. millegrana (Paja Brava) · P. minus (Mat Paspalum) · P. modestum (Water Paspalum) · P. molle (Soft Paspalum) · P. monostachyum (Gulfdune Paspalum) · P. nicorae (Brunswickgrass) · P. notatum (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum var. latiflorum (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum var. notatum (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum var. saurae (Bahiagrass) · P. notatum 'Argentine' (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum 'Pensacola' (Bahia Grass) · P. notatum 'Tifton 9' (Bahia Grass) · P. orbiculatum (Circular Paspalum) · P. paniculatum (Arrocillo) · P. parviflorum (Smallseed Paspalum) · P. pauciciliatum (Prostrate Dallis Grass) · P. paucispicatum (Large Knotgrass) · P. pleostachyum (Tropical Paspalum) · P. plicatulum (Brown-Seed Paspalum) · P. praecox (Early Paspalum) · P. pubiflorum (Hairy-Seed Paspalum) · P. pubiflorum var. pubiflorum (Hairyseed Paspalum) · P. pulchellum (Grand Paspalum) · P. quadrifarium (Tussock Paspalum) · P. racemosum (Peruvian Paspalum) · P. rupestre (Rock Paspalum) · P. scrobiculatum (India Paspalum) · P. scrobiculatum var. orbiculare (Ditch Millet) · P. secans (Slender Ditch Paspalum) · P. setaceum (Fringeleaf Paspalum) · P. thunbergii (Japanese Paspalum) · P. unispicatum (One-Spike Paspalum) · P. urvillei (Vasey Grass) · P. vaginatum (Seashore Paspalum) · P. vaginatum 'Te-13' (Seashore Paspalum) · P. virgatum (Talquezal) · P. virletii (Virlet Paspalum) · P. wrightii (Wrights Paspalum)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1913. url p. 126.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 5 1894 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 153, p. 189, p. 248, p. 41.
• Aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern United States, by Donovan S. Correll and Helen B. Correll. [Washington]Environmental Protection Agency; [For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.]1972. url p. 289, p. 304, p. 305.
• Botany; containing a catalogue of the indigenous and naturalized plants of the state / by Rev. M.A. Curtis. Raleigh: Printed at N.C. Institution for the deaf and dumb and blind, 1867. url p. 65.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 17 1912 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 173.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 37 1910 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 624.
• Catalogue of the phaenogamous and vascular cryptogamous plants of Missouri. Jefferson City, Tribune Printing Co., 1886. url .
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 18 1914-1917 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 307, p. 32, p. 469, p. 475, p. 498, p. 508, p. 53.
• Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 11.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. url p. 53.
• Family #15, Gramineae / Richard W. Pohl. 4 1980 [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1980. url p. 446, p. 604.
• Flood tolerance of plant species in bottomland forests of the southeastern United States / 1992. url p. 113, p. 197.
• Flora Peoriana; the vegetation in the climate of middle Illinois. Peoria, Ill., J. W. Franks & Sons, 1887. url .
• Flora of Delaware and the Eastern Shore: an annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of the peninsula of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia. [Wilmington]: Society of Natural History of Delaware, 1946. url p. 36.
• Flora of Illinois, containing keys for identification of flowering plants and ferns. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame Press, 1963. url p. 346.
• Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. url p. 149.
• Floral almanac: containing the flowering season of one thousand and seven hundred phaenogamous plants of Florida / by A. Schaffranek. Palatka, Fla.: Palatka News Pub. Co., 1888. url p. 36.
• Grasses and forage plants, a practical treatise, comprising their natural history, comparative nutritive value; methods of cultivating, cutting, and curing; and the management of grass lands in the United States and British Pro Boston, Phillips, 1859. url p. 390.
• Grasses and forage plants. A practical treatise. Comprising their natural history; comparative nutritive value; methods of cultivating, cutting, and curing; and the management of grass lands in the United States and British Pro Boston, J. E. Tilton, 1867. url .
• Grasses and forage plants: a practical treatise comprising their natural history; comparative nutritive value; methods of cultivating, cutting, and curing; and the management of grass lands in the United States and British prov Boston, Lee and Shepard, 1888. url p. 139, p. 21, p. 390.
• Grasses of the West Indies. By A. S. Hitchcock and Agnes Chase. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1917. url p. 307.
• Grasses of the West Indies. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1917. url p. 307.
• List of Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta growing without cultivation in northeastern North America. Prepared by a Committee of the Botanical Club, American Association for the Advancement of Science. New York, 1894. url p. 29.
• Manual of the grasses of the United States / by A.S. Hitchcock. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1935. url p. 922.
• Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 5 1893 - 18 Durham, N.C.: Published for the Club by the Seeman Printery, 1889- url p. 29.
• National list of scientific plant names. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1982- url p. 299.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 461.
• Report of the Missouri State Horticultural Society for the year. .. Jefferson City: The Society, url p. 95.
• Reports of observations and experiments in the practical work of the Division, made under the direction of the Entomologist. Washington, U.S. G.P.O., 1883-1894. url p. 109.
• South Carolina. Resources and population. Institutions and industries. Pub. by the State Board of Agriculture of South Carolina. Charleston, S.C.Walker, Evans & Cogswell, printers, 1883. url p. 349, p. 349.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 19 1882 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 43.
• The cereals in America, New York, O. Judd company;1904. url p. 417.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 20, p. 20.
• The flora of British India. London, L. Reeve & Co., 1875-97. url .
• The flora of Tennessee and a philosophy of botany: respectfully dedicated to the citizens of Tennessee / by Augustin Gattinger. Nashville: Press of Gospel Advocate Pub. Co., 1901. url p. 35.
• The grasses of Illinois / by Edna Mosher. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, 1918. url p. 289.
• The grasses of Illinois, by Edna Mosher. Urbana, Ill., 1918. url p. 289.
• Vascular plants of the Sangamon River basin; annotated checklist and ecological summary [by] Almut G. Jones and David T. Bell. [Urbana], University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, [1974] url p. 43.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed June 02, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 29, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2661144
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-40998
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13753671
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:414167-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 103646
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 40998
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA4P0J0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: PAFL5
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 50850

Footnotes

1. Shou-liang Chen & Sylvia M. Phillips "Paspalum". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 1, 500, 526. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 102.500 meters (336.286 feet), Standard Deviation = 448.090 based on 349 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.