Orthotrichum pumilum
(Orthotrichum Moss)Conservation Status
Population Analysis
- For the 30,166 species in the Class Bryopsida (Mosses), we average 17.03 observations each in our database; for the Orthotrichum Moss, we have 261 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
- A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of the Orthotrichum Moss is the same as the trend in observations of Bryopsida. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=3.447, p<0.001)
- How do observation rates of the Orthotrichum Moss differ from those of Bryopsida? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Bryopsida that were observations of the Orthotrichum Moss each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of the Orthotrichum Moss are becoming more common relative to other species of Bryopsida, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is positive (r=.24), with a positive slope (m = .0138), suggesting that the Orthotrichum Moss may be increasing relative to other species of Bryopsida. However, this correlation is not statistically significant. (F = 3.3, p>.05)
- The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Bryopsida each year that were observations of the Orthotrichum Moss.
Taxonomy
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Plants
- Phylum: Bryophyta
- Mosses
- Class: Bryopsida
- Mosses
- Order: Orthotrichales
- Family: Noctuoidea
- Genus: Orthotrichum
Hedwig, Spec. Musci. 162. 1801.
- Specific epithet: pumilum Swartz, 1801
- Botanical name: Orthotrichum pumilum Swartz, 1801
- Specific epithet: pumilum Swartz, 1801
- Genus: Orthotrichum
Hedwig, Spec. Musci. 162. 1801.
- Family: Noctuoidea
- Order: Orthotrichales
- Class: Bryopsida
- Mosses
- Phylum: Bryophyta
- Mosses
Ambiguous Synonyms:
- Dorcadion schimperi (Hammar) Lindberg, 1879
- Orthotrichum affine (Bruch ex Bridel) C. J. Hartman, 1838
- Orthotrichum brachytrichum W. P. Schimper ex Lesquereux and T. P. James, 1879
- Orthotrichum fallax Bruch ex Bridel, 1827
- Orthotrichum schimperi Hammar, 1852
Notes:
Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 19-Jul-2004
Physical Description
Genus Orthotrichum:
Plants 1--5(--13) cm. Stem leaves imbricate, usually erect-appressed and straight when dry, spreading to wide-spreading when moist, 0.6--6.5 mm; ovate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, acute to rounded-acute, acuminate or sometimes obtuse, rarely channeled, rarely acuminate or piliferous; margins reflexed to revolute, rarely plane or involute, entire or denticulate near apex; costa strong, usually ending near apex; distal leaf cells mostly rounded, almost isodiametric, usually 6--24(--30) µm, with 1--3 papillae per cell, papillae conical or forked; basal leaf cells elongate-linear, thick-walled and nodose or rectangular, thin-walled, and smooth near base; marginal leaf cells shorter. Specialized asexual reproduction by brood-bodies, sometimes present on leaves, 3--14 cells long. Perichaetial leaves similar to stem leaves or sometimes slightly differentiated. Sexual condition goniautoicous or cladautoicous, rarely dioicous. Seta to 15 mm, twisted to left. Capsule immersed, emergent or exserted, varying from globose to cylindric, 0.7--3 mm, more or less gradually constricted to seta, smooth or with 8 or 16 ribs and sometimes constricted below mouth when dry; stomates superficial or immersed in central or proximal parts of capsules; peristome double or more rarely single or absent; exostome teeth 0, 8, or 16, papillose or striate, reflexed, recurved, or erect; endostome segments 0, 8, or 16. Calyptra large, mitrate, conic-oblong to short-conic, more or less hairy or naked, plicate or more rarely smooth, not split at base. Spores isomorphic.
Species 120; worldwide, more common in temperate areas.[1]
Habit: Nonvascular
Distribution
Similar Species
Members of the genus Orthotrichum:
There are approximately 431 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: O. aciculare · O. acroblepharis · O. acuminatum · O. acutifolium · O. aequatoreum · O. affine (Orthotrichum Moss) · O. affine fastigiatum · O. affine sublaeve · O. affine subrivale · O. affine var. fastigiatum · O. afrofastigiatum · O. alpestre (Orthotrichum Moss) · O. amabile · O. amannii · O. americanum · O. anaglyptodon · O. anderssonii · O. anomalum (Orthotrichum Moss) · O. anomalum Hedw. var. macroporum Herzog · O. anomalum var. americanum · O. anomalum var. saxatile · O. antarticum · O. apiculatum · O. araucarieti · O. arborescens · O. arcangelianum · O. arcticum · O. arctum · O. argentinicum · O. aristatum · O. aristoblepharum · O. armatum · O. assamicum · O. assimile · O. aureum · O. australe · O. austro-cupulatum · O. austropulchellum · O. avonense · O. bartramii (Bartram's Orthotrichum Moss) · O. beckettii · O. bellum · O. bequaertii · O. berggrenii · O. bicolor · O. blyttii · O. bolanderi (Bolander's Orthotrichum Moss) · O. brachytrichum · O. brassii · O. braunii · O. breutellii · O. breve · O. brevicolle · O. brevirostrum · O. brevisetum · O. brigantiacum · O. brotheri · O. brownii · O. bruchii · O. caespitosum · O. calcareum · O. californicum · O. callistomoides · O. callistomum · O. calvum · O. canadense · O. cancellatum · O. casasianum · O. caucasicum · O. chilense · O. cirrhatum · O. citrinum · O. clathratum · O. clavellatum · O. clintonii · O. coarctatum · O. commutatum · O. compactum · O. conceptionense · O. confertum · O. conicorostrum · O. consimile (Orthotrichum Moss) · O. consimile anomaloides · O. consobrinum · O. coralloides · O. courtoisii · O. crassifolium · O. crenatoerosum · O. crenulatum · O. cribrosum · O. crispatum · O. crispifolium · O. crispulum · O. crispum · O. crista · O. cupulatum (Orthotrichum Moss) · O. cupulatum cupulatum · O. cupulatum Hoffm. ex Brid. var. immersum (Herzog) Podp. · O. cupulatum riparium · O. cupulatum var. nudum
Bibliography
- Lewinsky, J. 1993. Monographic studies on Orthotrichum (Musci). Bryobrothera, Vol. 2: 1--59.
- Vitt, D. H. 1973. A Revision of the Genus Orthotrichum in North America, North of Mexico. Bryophytorum Bibliotheca, 1: 1--108.
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Notes
Contributors:
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 9 providers.
- MOST: Moss TROPICOS Database
- Moss TROPICOS DatabaseJul 1, 2004.
- Moss TROPICOS: the World Checklist of Mosses
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources:
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 27, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
- European Environment Agency: EUNIS
- GBIF-Spain: Real Jardin Botanico, Madrid: MA-Musci
- GBIF-Spain: Universidad de Murcia, Dpto. BiologÃa Vegetal (Botánica), Murcia: MUB-MUSCI
- GBIF-Sweden: Herbarium of Oskarshamn (OHN)
- GBIF-Sweden: Mosses (S)
- Missouri Botanical Garden
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo: Bryophyte herbarium, Bergen (BG)
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo: Bryophyte herbarium, Oslo (O)
- The New York Botanical Garden: American Bryophyte Catalog
- UK National Biodiversity Network: British Bryological Society - Bryophyte data for Great Britain from the British Bryological Society held by BRC
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM: MEXU/Colección de Briofitas
- University Museums of Norway (MUSIT)
Identifiers:
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 15899
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 663190
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ORSC
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 51435
Footnotes:
- Dale H. Vitt "Orthotrichum". in Bryophyte Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
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