Orthocarpus tenuifolius

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Orobanchaceae

Herbs annual , biennial, or perennial parasites, without chlorophyll. Stems unbranched or sometimes branched. Leaves scalelike, spirally or subimbricately arranged. Inflorescences racemose, spicate , or subcapitate , rarely 1-flowered; bract 1, usually similar to leaves; bractlets 2, adnate to base of calyx or pedicel. Flowers bisexual , subsessile or pedicelled. Calyx tubular, cupular, or campanulate , (3 or) 4-6-lobed, 2-6-parted, 6-toothed, or spathelike, sometimes absent or of 3 free sepals. Corolla bilabiate, usually curved , sometimes tubular-campanulate or funnelform with 5 subequal lobes ; upper lip entire, emarginate , or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous , inserted at base of corolla tube ; filaments slender; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, sometimes 1 cell fertile and another sterile or reduced to spur. Pistil 2- or 3-carpellate; ovary superior; placentas 2-4 or 6(-10), parietal or sometimes axile at ovary base; ovules 2-4 or numerous , anatropous . Style long; stigma inflated , discoid , peltate, or 2-4-lobed. Capsule usually dehiscing loculicidally by 2 or 3(or 4) valves . Seeds minute, testa pitted or reticulate .

About 15 genera and 150 species: North Temperate regions , less represented in Africa, America, Asia, and Australia; nine genera and 42 species (nine endemic) in China.[1]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring • Fruit/Seed Period End: Summer • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: Low • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 6.5 • Maximum pH: 8.5 • Fertility Requirement: Low

Sunlight: Shade Tolerance: Intolerant

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High • Minimum Precipitation: 12 • Maximum Precipitation: 18 • Moisture Use: Low

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): 52 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 100

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Bartsia tenuifolia Pursh

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Orthocarpus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 24 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

O. attenuatis (Owls Clover) · O. barbatus (Grand Coulee Owl's-Clover) · O. bracteosus (Rosy Owl's-Clover) · O. castillejoides var. castillejoides (Johnnynip) · O. cuspidatus (Siskiyou Mountain Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus copelandii (Copeland's Owl's-Clover) · O. cuspidatus cryptanthus (Cryptantha Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus cuspidatus (Siskiyou Mountain Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus subsp. copelandii (Copeland's Owl's-Clover) · O. cuspidatus subsp. cryptanthus (Cryptantha Owl's-Clover) · O. densiflorus var. densiflorus (Sierran Foothill Owlclover) · O. erianthus var. erianthus (Johnnytuck) · O. faucibarbatus var. faucibarbatus (Bearded Owlclover) · O. imbricatus (Mountain Owl's-Clover) · O. lithospermoides var. lithospermoides (Creamsacs) · O. luteus (Golden-Tongue Owl-Clover) · O. pachystachyus (Shasta Owl's-Clover) · O. purpurascens var. purpurascens (Red Owlclover) · O. purpureoalbus (Purple Owlclover) · O. tenuifolius (Goldtongue) · O. tolmiei (Tolmie Owlclover) · O. tolmiei holmgreniorum (Tolmie's Owl's-Clover) · O. tolmiei subsp. holmgreniorum (Noel's Owl's-Clover) · O. versicolor (Yellowbeak Owl's-Clover)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A manual of the flora of northern Idaho /Carl Epling and Joe Ewan. 1 1941 1941. url p. 18.
• A study of the vegetation of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho. .. Lincoln, Neb.[1917] url p. 105.
• American plants. .. [Descriptions, bibliographical notes, synonymy, and other information, comp. from many sources] Charles Russell Orcutt, editor. San Diego, Calif., [1907]-1910. url p. 507.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] url p. 815, p. 816.
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 62 2004 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url p. 82.
• Botany Cambridge, Mass., John Wilson and Son, 1880 url p. 577.
• Botany. By W. H. Brewer, Sereno Watson, and Asa Gray. Boston, Little, Brown, 1880. url p. 577.
• Botany. Cambridge, Mass.Welch, Bigelow, University Press, 1876-80. url p. 577, p. 577.
• Catalogue of Canadian plants. .. Montreal [etc.]1883-1902. url , , p. 348, p. 366.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 3 1892-1896 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 245, p. 280, p. 51, p. 517.
• Elementary flora of the Northwest, Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1914] url .
• Flora Washingtonensis; a catalogue of the Phaenogamia and Pteridophyta of the state of Washington, n.p., 1892 url .
• Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: New Era, 1914. url p. 231.
• Flora of southern British Columbia and Vancouver Island: with many references to Alaska and northern species / by Joseph Kaye Henry. Toronto: W.J. Gage, c1915. url p. 272.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 795.
• Flora of the southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1914. url .
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 51, p. 517.
• Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. url p. 517.
• Key to the Rocky Mountain flora; Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia. New York, 1919. url p. 216.
• Menzies' journal of Vancouver's voyage, April to October, 1792 / edited with botanical and ethnological notes, by C.F. Newcombe and a biographical note by J. Forsyth. Victoria, B.C.: Printed by W.H. Cullin, 1923. url p. 142.
• Minimum areas for different vegetations, their determination from species-area curves. Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1949. url p. 59.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 309, p. 38, p. 38.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 555, p. 561.
• Report of the geological exploration of the fortieth parallel / Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1870-80 url p. 458.
• Report on the conservation status of Penstemon lemhiensis, a candidate threatened species: Montana / by J. Stephen Shelly. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1990] url p. 23.
• Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Made under the direction of the secretary of war, in 1853-[6]. .. Washington, A.O.P. Nicholson, Printer [etc.]1855-60. url p. 67, p. 67.
• Science studies, v.1, no. 1-3. Bozeman, Mont.1905. url p. 120.
• Sensitive plant species survey at the southern end of the Elkhorn Mountains, Broadwater and Jefferson Counties, Montana / prepared by Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Bureau of Land Management. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1995] url .
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Big Belt and Elkhorn Mountains, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Helena National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jackie M. Poole and Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Helena National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url .
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 50 1908 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 197, p. 198.
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 121, p. 76.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 481.
• The natural history of Washington territory, with much relating to Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oregon, and California, between the thirty-sixth and forty-ninth parallels of latitude, being those parts of the final reports on the survey of the N By J. G. Cooper, M. D., and Dr. G. Suckley. .. This edition contains a new preface, giving a sketch of the explorations, a classified table of contents, and the latest additions by the authors. With f London, Baillière brothers, 1859. url p. 63.
• University studies of the University of Nebraska. Lincoln. url p. 105.
• Zhang Zhiyun. 1990. Orobanchaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 69-124.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 13, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 26, 2007:

• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2655845
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-33458
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13747508
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:806556-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 26050
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 33458
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR1H0R0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ORTE2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 50960

Footnotes

1. Zhi-Yun Zhang & Nikolai N. Tzvelev "Orobanchaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 229. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.