Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Copeland's Owl's-Clover, Copeland´s Owl-Clover, Copeland's Owlclover, Siskiyou Mountain Owlclover, Toothed Owl's-Clover
Description
Family Orobanchaceae
Herbs annual
, biennial, or perennial
parasites, without chlorophyll. Stems unbranched or sometimes branched. Leaves scalelike, spirally or subimbricately arranged. Inflorescences racemose, spicate
, or subcapitate
, rarely 1-flowered; bract 1, usually similar to leaves; bractlets
2, adnate
to base
of calyx or pedicel. Flowers bisexual
, subsessile
or pedicelled. Calyx tubular, cupular, or campanulate
, (3 or) 4-6-lobed, 2-6-parted, 6-toothed, or spathelike, sometimes absent or of 3 free
sepals. Corolla bilabiate, usually curved
, sometimes tubular-campanulate or funnelform
with 5 subequal
lobes
; upper lip entire, emarginate
, or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous
, inserted
at base of corolla tube
; filaments
slender; anthers
2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, sometimes 1 cell
fertile
and another sterile
or reduced to spur. Pistil 2- or 3-carpellate; ovary superior; placentas 2-4 or 6(-10), parietal
or sometimes axile
at ovary base; ovules 2-4 or numerous
, anatropous
. Style long; stigma inflated
, discoid
, peltate, or 2-4-lobed. Capsule usually dehiscing loculicidally by 2 or 3(or 4) valves
. Seeds minute, testa pitted
or reticulate
.
About 15 genera and 150 species: North Temperate regions
, less represented in Africa, America, Asia, and Australia; nine genera and 42 species (nine endemic) in China.[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
()
- Auct.
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Orobanchaceae
()
- Ventenat, 1799
- broomrape
- Genus:
Orthocarpus
()
- Nuttall, 1818
- Specific epithet:
cuspidatus
- (Eastw.) Chuang & Heckard
- Subspecies:
copelandii
- Botanical name: - Orthocarpus cuspidatus copelandii (Eastw.) Chuang & Heckard (Eastw.) Chuang & Heckard
- Subspecies:
copelandii
- Specific epithet:
cuspidatus
- (Eastw.) Chuang & Heckard
- Genus:
Orthocarpus
(
- Family:
Orobanchaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Orthocarpus copelandii Eastw. • Orthocarpus cuspidatus Greene copelandii (Eastw.) T. I. Chuang & Heckard
Notes
Place of publication
: Syst. Bot. 17:576. 1992
Name
verified on 01-Jun-2007 by ARS Systematic Botanists.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Orthocarpus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 24 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
O. attenuatis (Owls Clover) · O. barbatus (Grand Coulee Owl's-Clover) · O. bracteosus (Rosy Owl's-Clover) · O. castillejoides var. castillejoides (Johnnynip) · O. cuspidatus (Siskiyou Mountain Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus copelandii (Copeland's Owl's-Clover) · O. cuspidatus cryptanthus (Cryptantha Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus cuspidatus (Siskiyou Mountain Owlclover) · O. cuspidatus subsp. copelandii (Copeland's Owl's-Clover) · O. cuspidatus subsp. cryptanthus (Cryptantha Owl's-Clover) · O. densiflorus var. densiflorus (Sierran Foothill Owlclover) · O. erianthus var. erianthus (Johnnytuck) · O. faucibarbatus var. faucibarbatus (Bearded Owlclover) · O. imbricatus (Mountain Owl's-Clover) · O. lithospermoides var. lithospermoides (Creamsacs) · O. luteus (Golden-Tongue Owl-Clover) · O. pachystachyus (Shasta Owl's-Clover) · O. purpurascens var. purpurascens (Red Owlclover) · O. purpureoalbus (Purple Owlclover) · O. tenuifolius (Goldtongue) · O. tolmiei (Tolmie Owlclover) · O. tolmiei holmgreniorum (Tolmie's Owl's-Clover) · O. tolmiei subsp. holmgreniorum (Noel's Owl's-Clover) · O. versicolor (Yellowbeak Owl's-Clover)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. (F CalifJep)
- Zhang Zhiyun. 1990. Orobanchaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 69-124.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 13, 2012.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 04, 2008)
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8299150
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-524973
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13902415
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970324-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 453260
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR1H082
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 167979
Footnotes
- Zhi-Yun Zhang & Nikolai N. Tzvelev "Orobanchaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 229. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
