Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Bear Grass, Beargrass, Chaparral Bear Grass, Chaparral Beargrass, Chaparral Nolina
Description
Genus Nolina
Plants
perennial
, cespitose or arborescent
, acaulescent
to short-caulescent, scapose
, from branched, woody caudices or bulblike structures; usually forming colonies with few to many rosettes. Stems to 25 dm. Leaves forming rosettes; blade
linear
, not rigid
or fibrous
, bases
broadly expanding, margins
serrulate
or entire. Scape 0.5-25 dm. Inflorescences paniculate
, rarely racemose, 3-18 dm; bracts caducous
or occasionally persistent
. Flowers 2-5 per node, functionally unisexual
, pistillate
flowers with staminodes, staminate flowers
with reduced pistils; tepals white to cream or tan, 1.3-5 mm, apex glandular
; ovary superior; pedicel jointed
near middle
. Fruits capsular
, 3-locular, 3-lobed, thin-walled or sometimes firm-walled, often inflated
, mostly notched
at base and apex or rounded
distally; dehiscent
, often splitting
irregularly. Seeds closely or loosely invested in capsules, globose
, turgid
. x
= 19.
Species ca.
30: North America (se and sw United
States), n and nc Mexico.
In areas of west Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, the species of Nolina are not always well defined. There is variation
in the presence or absence of marginal
teeth on the leaves and placement of the inflorescences within or beyond the leaves. Collectors
should take good notes
about the plant habit and morphology and include these with their collections
. Further study is needed on Nolina throughout its range
. Some species of Nolina are extremely infrequent. Some are on federal and/or state rare and endangered species lists
, and possibly some of those listed with a state should be listed federally.
J. C.
Dice (1988) studied section
Arborescens of Nolina in the United States, and presented extensive descriptions
and discussion of N. bigelovii, N. parryi, N. cismontana, and N. interrata.[1]
Physical Description
Species Nolina micrantha
Plants
acaulescent
, cespitose; rosettes from vertical
, subterranean
,
branched caudices. Leaf blades
stiff, wiry, concavo-convex
, 80-130
cm × 4-6 mm, not glaucous; margins
entire or remotely serrulate
,
with widely separated, noncartilaginous teeth; apex lacerate
. Scape
0.5-2 dm. Inflorescences paniculate
, usually conspicuously tinged
purple, 3.5-7.5 dm × 10-20 cm, held partially within rosettes;
main rachis and divisions slender, flexible
; bracts mostly persistent
,
to 30 cm, apex curled; bractlets
erose, 1.5-3 mm, margins hyaline
.
Flowers: tepals 1.9-3.2 mm; fertile
stamens: filaments
0.9-1.3 mm,
anthers
0.7-0.9 mm; infertile stamens: filaments 0.5-0.7 mm, anthers
0.4-0.5 mm; fruiting pedicel erect
, slender, articulate
near middle
,
not noticeably dilated
, proximal
to joint
to 1.5 mm, distal to joint
to 2.5 mm.
Capsules firm-walled, inflated
, 3-4 × 4.3-5.5 mm.
Seeds closely invested in capsules, rounded
, bursting ovary walls,
3-4 mm diam. [source]
Nolina micrantha is similar to N. texana except for the purple pigment
throughout its inflorescences, later flowering dates, and less robust
habit. [source]
Habit: Subshrub , Shrub
Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May. • Flower Color: purple, red
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 24-36" tall.
Habitat
Rocky limestone slopes or sandy soils, in grasslands; 1100--1400 m [2].
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 24-36" apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 8.5
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Liliidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lilianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Asparagales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Suborder:
Asparagineae
(
)
-
- Family:
Asparagaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily:
Nolinoideae
(
)
- Genus:
Nolina
(
)
- A. Michaux, 1803
- Beargrass [for Abbé C. P. Nolin, eighteenth-century French arboriculturist and director of the royal nurseries]
- Specific epithet:
micrantha
- I.M.Johnst.
- Botanical name: - Nolina micrantha I.M.Johnst.
- Specific epithet:
micrantha
- I.M.Johnst.
- Genus:
Nolina
(
- Subfamily:
Nolinoideae
(
- Family:
Asparagaceae
(
- Suborder:
Asparagineae
(
- Order:
Asparagales
(
- Superorder:
Lilianae
(
- Subclass:
Liliidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 09-Jul-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Nolina
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
N. arenicola (Sand Bear-Grass) · N. atopocarpa (Florida Bear-Grass) · N. bigelovii (Bigelow Beargrass) · N. bigelovii var. bigelovii (Bigelow's Nolina) · N. brittoniana (Britton's Bear-Grass) · N. cismontana (California Beargrass) · N. erumpens (Beargrass) · N. georgiana (Georgia Bear-Grass) · N. guatemalensis (Curly Nolina) · N. interrata (Dehesa Beargrass) · N. lindheimeriana (Beargrass) · N. longifolia (Oaxacan Tree Nolina) · N. matapensis (Sonoran Tree Bear Grass) · N. micrantha (Bear Grass) · N. microcarpa (Basket Grass) · N. nelsonii (Blue Nolina) · N. parryi (Bear Grass) · N. recurvata (Elephant's Foot Tree) · N. recurvata var. albomarginata 'Yellow Star' (Pony Tail Palm) · N. texana (Bunch Grass)
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Dice, J. C. 1988. Systematic Studies in the Nolina bigelovii-N. parryi (Nolinaceae) Complex. M.S. thesis. San Diego State University.
- Trelease, W. 1911. The desert group Nolineae. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 50: 404-443.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 13, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- "Nolina micrantha". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 416, 419. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2662625
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-282342
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:538747-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42994
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 170271-2
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMAGA08090
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: NOMI2
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 51853
Footnotes
- William J. Hess "Nolina". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 413, 414, 415, 416, 419. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Nolina micrantha". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 416, 419. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
