Overview
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Florida Bear-Grass, Florida Beargrass
Description
Genus Nolina
Plants
perennial
, cespitose or arborescent
, acaulescent
to short-caulescent, scapose
, from branched, woody caudices or bulblike structures; usually forming colonies with few to many rosettes. Stems to 25 dm. Leaves forming rosettes; blade
linear
, not rigid
or fibrous
, bases
broadly expanding, margins
serrulate
or entire. Scape 0.5-25 dm. Inflorescences paniculate
, rarely racemose, 3-18 dm; bracts caducous
or occasionally persistent
. Flowers 2-5 per node, functionally unisexual
, pistillate
flowers with staminodes, staminate flowers
with reduced pistils; tepals white to cream or tan, 1.3-5 mm, apex glandular
; ovary superior; pedicel jointed
near middle
. Fruits capsular
, 3-locular, 3-lobed, thin-walled or sometimes firm-walled, often inflated
, mostly notched
at base and apex or rounded
distally; dehiscent
, often splitting
irregularly. Seeds closely or loosely invested in capsules, globose
, turgid
. x
= 19.
Species ca.
30: North America (se and sw United
States), n and nc Mexico.
In areas of west Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, the species of Nolina are not always well defined. There is variation
in the presence or absence of marginal
teeth on the leaves and placement of the inflorescences within or beyond the leaves. Collectors
should take good notes
about the plant habit and morphology and include these with their collections
. Further study is needed on Nolina throughout its range
. Some species of Nolina are extremely infrequent. Some are on federal and/or state rare and endangered species lists
, and possibly some of those listed with a state should be listed federally.
J. C.
Dice (1988) studied section
Arborescens of Nolina in the United States, and presented extensive descriptions
and discussion of N. bigelovii, N. parryi, N. cismontana, and N. interrata.[1]
Physical Description
Species Nolina atopocarpa
Plants acaulescent , cespitose; rosettes from bulblike bases , with vertical , subterranean caudices. Leaf blades wiry, lax or stiff, grasslike, flattened, 45-85 cm × 1.5-4.5 mm, not glaucous; margins serrulate , with close-set, cartilaginous teeth, rarely entire; inflorescence leaf blades 1.5-6.5 cm. Scape 2.5-6 dm. Inflorescences racemose, sometimes branched, 6.5-9 dm × 0.7-2.8(-20) cm; bracts caducous , 1.5-3.5 mm, apex acute, fragile. Flowers: tepals 1.3-2.5 mm; fertile stamens: anthers up to 1 mm; pistil not ridged ; pedicel recurved in age, not dilated , proximal to joint 1-1.5 mm, distal to joint 1.2-2 mm. Capsules asymmetrical, rounded , inflated , 4-4.5 × (3.5-) 4-5.5 mm, tapering at base. Seeds closely invested in capsule, rounded, 3-4.1 × 2.4-3.2 mm. [source]
Habit: Subshrub , Shrub
Flowers: Bloom Period: May, June, July.
Habitat
Sandy loam , often with peat in pine flatwoods; 0--50 m [2].
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,713 meters (0 to 5,620 feet).[3]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Liliidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lilianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Asparagales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Suborder:
Asparagineae
(
)
-
- Family:
Asparagaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily:
Nolinoideae
(
)
- Genus:
Nolina
(
)
- A. Michaux, 1803
- Beargrass [for Abbé C. P. Nolin, eighteenth-century French arboriculturist and director of the royal nurseries]
- Specific epithet:
atopocarpa
- Bartlett
- Botanical name: - Nolina atopocarpa Bartlett
- Specific epithet:
atopocarpa
- Bartlett
- Genus:
Nolina
(
- Subfamily:
Nolinoideae
(
- Family:
Asparagaceae
(
- Suborder:
Asparagineae
(
- Order:
Asparagales
(
- Superorder:
Lilianae
(
- Subclass:
Liliidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 09-Jul-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Nolina
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
N. arenicola (Sand Bear-Grass) · N. atopocarpa (Florida Bear-Grass) · N. bigelovii (Bigelow Beargrass) · N. bigelovii var. bigelovii (Bigelow's Nolina) · N. brittoniana (Britton's Bear-Grass) · N. cismontana (California Beargrass) · N. erumpens (Beargrass) · N. georgiana (Georgia Bear-Grass) · N. guatemalensis (Curly Nolina) · N. interrata (Dehesa Beargrass) · N. lindheimeriana (Beargrass) · N. longifolia (Oaxacan Tree Nolina) · N. matapensis (Sonoran Tree Bear Grass) · N. micrantha (Bear Grass) · N. microcarpa (Basket Grass) · N. nelsonii (Blue Nolina) · N. parryi (Bear Grass) · N. recurvata (Elephant's Foot Tree) · N. recurvata var. albomarginata 'Yellow Star' (Pony Tail Palm) · N. texana (Bunch Grass)
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 649.
- FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. url p. 320.
- Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolin, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana and the Indian t by John Kunkel Small. .. New York, The author, 1903. url p. 1330.
- Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 22 1921 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 242, p. 38.
- Manual of the southeastern flora: being descriptions of the seed plants growing naturally in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, eastern Louisiana, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. 1933 New York: The author, 1933. url p. 304.
- Dice, J. C. 1988. Systematic Studies in the Nolina bigelovii-N. parryi (Nolinaceae) Complex. M.S. thesis. San Diego State University.
- Trelease, W. 1911. The desert group Nolineae. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 50: 404-443.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 13, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 20, 2007:
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2662619
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-282014
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13752952
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:538723-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42988
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 538723-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMAGA08020
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: NOAT
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 50934
Footnotes
- William J. Hess "Nolina". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 413, 414, 415, 416, 419. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Nolina atopocarpa". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 411, 416, 417. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 149.580 meters (490.748 feet), Standard Deviation = 492.510 based on 12 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
