Overview
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Vulnerable |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Nepenthes
Description
Family Nepenthaceae
Lianas or shrubs
to 20 m
, sometimes only weakly woody, dioecious, carnivorous
. Stem simple
or branched, erect
, climbing
, or procumbent
, cylindric
or triangular in cross
section
, glabrous
or pubescent
. Leaves alternate, petiolate
or sessile; midvein
prolonged into a tendril
, apex of tendril usually developing into a dimorphic
pitcher with a lid usually projecting
over mouth
and a spur inserted
at base
of lid. Pitchers toward base of plant ovoid
, facing inward, with 2 fringed
wings
, tendril ventral, uncoiled; pitchers toward apex of plant cylindric or funnelform
, facing outward, wings generally unfringed or reduced to ridges
, tendril dorsal, coiled
. Inflorescence terminal
(appearing leaf opposed because of continued axillary
growth), racemose, or with secondary branches 2-flowered or cincinni, usually sparsely bracteate
. Flowers regular; perianth in 1 whorl of (3 or) 4 tepals. Male flowers with 4-24 anthers
; filaments
united
into a column; pistils inconspicuous. Female flowers with inconspicuous anthers; pistils (3 or) 4; ovary superior, stipitate
or not, ovoid-globose or tetragonal-terete, rarely obdeltoid
, (3 or) 4-loculed; placentation axile
; ovules numerous
, in many rows
; style very short to obsolete
; stigma disclike, (3 or) 4-lobed. Capsule (3 or) 4-valved, leathery or woody, loculicidally dehiscent
. Seeds numerous, usually hairlike; embryo straight; endosperm fleshy
.
One genus and ca.
85 species: Africa (Madagascar), S and SE Asia, N Australia, Pacific Islands (Caroline Islands) ; one species in China.
All species of the Nepenthaceae are carnivorous, so far as is known.[1]
Genus Nepenthes
Morphological characters and geographical distribution are the same as those for the family .[2]
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [3].
Ecology:
Found in mossy forests
on ridge
tops at 1,200-2,500 m
alt. (Ref.
290279).
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry [more info]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Nepenthanae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1996
- Order:
Caryophyllales
(
)
- Perleb, 1826
- Family:
Nepenthaceae
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- East Indian Pitcher-Plant Family
- Genus:
Nepenthes
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
fusca
- Danser
- Botanical name: - Nepenthes fusca Danser
- Specific epithet:
fusca
- Danser
- Genus:
Nepenthes
(
- Family:
Nepenthaceae
(
- Order:
Caryophyllales
(
- Superorder:
Nepenthanae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Danser Publication : Bull . Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. III, ix. 288 (1928).
Similar Species
Members of the genus Nepenthes
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 101 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
N. adnata (Nepenthes) · N. alata (Winged Pitcher Plant) · N. albomarginata (Nepenthes) · N. ampullaria (Nepenthes) · N. angasanensis (Nepenthes) · N. aptera (Nepenthes) · N. argentii (Nepenthes) · N. aristolochioides (Nepenthes) · N. bellii (Nepenthes) · N. benstonei (Nepenthes) · N. bicalcarata (Nepenthes) · N. bongso (Nepenthes) · N. boschiana (Nepenthes) · N. burbidgeae (Nepenthes) · N. campanulata (Nepenthes) · N. clipeata (Nepenthes) · N. copelandii (Nepenthes) · N. densiflora (Nepenthes) · N. diatas (Nepenthes) · N. distillatoria (Nepenthes) · N. dubia (Nepenthes) · N. edwardsiana (Nepenthes) · N. ephippiata (Nepenthes) · N. eustachya (Nepenthes) · N. eymae (Nepenthes) · N. faizaliana (Nepenthes) · N. fallax (Nepenthes) · N. fusca (Nepenthes) · N. glabrata (Nepenthes) · N. glandulifera (Nepenthes) · N. gracilis (Nepenthes) · N. gymnamphora (Nepenthes) · N. hamata (Nepenthes) · N. hirsuta (Nepenthes) · N. inermis (Nepenthes) · N. insignis (Nepenthes) · N. jacquelineae (Nepenthes) · N. khasiana (Nepenthes) · N. klossii (Nepenthes) · N. lavicola (Nepenthes) · N. longifolia (Nepenthes) · N. lowii (Nepenthes) · N. macfarlanei (Nepenthes) · N. macrophylla (Nepenthes) · N. macrovulgaris (Nepenthes) · N. madagascariensis (Nepenthes) · N. masoalensis (Nepenthes) · N. maxima (Nepenthes) · N. merrilliana (Nepenthes) · N. mikei (Nepenthes) · N. mindanaoensis (Nepenthes) · N. mira (Nepenthes) · N. mirabilis (Nepenthes) · N. mirabilis var. echinostoma (Nepenthes) · N. mixta x maxima (Nepenthes) · N. muluensis (Nepenthes) · N. neoguineensis (Nepenthes) · N. northiana (Nepenthes) · N. ovata (Nepenthes) · N. paniculata (Nepenthes) · N. papuana (Nepenthes) · N. pectinata (Nepenthes) · N. pervillei (Pitcher Plant) · N. petiolata (Nepenthes) · N. philippinensis (Nepenthes) · N. pilosa (Nepenthes) · N. platychila (Nepenthes) · N. rafflesiana (Nepenthes) · N. rafflesiana var. alata (Raffles Pitcher Plant) · N. rafflesiana var. elongata (Nepenthes) · N. rafflesiana var. gigantea (Nepenthes) · N. rafflesiana var. nivea (Nepenthes) · N. rajah (Rat-Catcher) · N. ramispina (Nepenthes) · N. reinwardtiana (Nepenthes) · N. rhombicaulis (Nepenthes) · N. sanguinea (Tropical Asian Pitcher Plant) · N. sibuyanensis (Nepenthes) · N. singalana (Nepenthes) · N. spathulata (Nepenthes) · N. spectabilis (Pitcher Plant) · N. sumatrana (Nepenthes) · N. talangensis (Nepenthes) · N. tentaculata (Nepenthes) · N. tenuis (Nepenthes) · N. thorelii (Nepenthes) · N. tobaica (Nepenthes) · N. tomoriana (Nepenthes) · N. veitchii (Nepenthes) · N. ventricosa (Nepenthes) · N. vieillardii (Nepenthes) · N. villosa (Pitcher Plant) · N. vogelii (Nepenthes) · N. x coccinea (Hybrid Pitcher Plant) · N. x hookeriana 'Monkey Cup' (Nepenthes) · N. x hortulanus 'Otten' (Nepenthes) · N. x mixta (Nepenthes) · N. x ventrata (Pitcher Plant) · N. 'Bill Bailey' (Tropical Pitcher Plant) · N. 'Judith Finn' (Nepenthes)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 313, p. 314, p. 313.
- Ruan Yun-zhen. 1984. Nepenthaceae. In: Fu Shu-hsia & Fu Kun-tsun, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 34(1): 11-14.
- Ruan Yun-zhen. 1984. Nepenthaceae. In: Fu Shu-hsia & Fu Kun-tsun, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 34(1): 11-14.
Notes
Contributors
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R., et al. 2000. Nepenthes fusca. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 02February2012.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5775527
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15651739
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603709-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 603709-1
- IUCN ID: 226491
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 756392
Footnotes
- Lianli Lu, Martin Cheek & Matthew H. P. Jebb "Nepenthaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 198. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Nepenthes". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 198. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R., et al. 2000. Nepenthes fusca. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 February 2012. [back]
