Nemophila maculata

(Baby Blue Eyes, Five Spot, Five-Spot Baby-Blue-Eyes, Fivespot)

Conservation Status

Uses as Product: Berry/Nut/Seed Product: No • Christmas Tree Product: No • Fodder Product: No • Fuelwood Product: None • Lumber Product: No • Naval Store Product: No • Nursery Stock Product: No • Post Product: No • Pulpwood Product: No • Veneer Product: No

Edibility: Palatable Human: No • Toxicity: None

Taxonomy

[ Back to top ]

Domain: Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Spermatophytina (auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
        Infraphylum: Angiospermae auct.
        Class: Magnoliopsida Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
        Subclass: Lamiidae Takhtajan ex Reveal, 1992
        Superorder: Solananae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal, 1992
        Order: Boraginales Dumortier, 1829
        Family: Boraginaceae Adans., 1763, nom. cons. - Borage Family
        Subfamily: Hydrophylloideae
        Tribe: Hydrophylleae
        Genus: Nemophila (nee-MOF-ih-luh) Nuttall, 1822, nom. cons. - Baby Blue Eyes
        Specific epithet: maculata Benth. ex Lindl.
        Botanical name: Nemophila maculata Benth. ex Lindl.

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: J. Hort. Soc. London 3:320. 1848

Name verified on 11-May-1992 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-May-1997

Physical Description

[ Back to top ]

Family Boraginaceae:

Herbs perennial, biennial, or annual, less often lianas, shrubs, or trees, usually bristly or scabrous-pubescent. Leaves simple, exstipulate, alternate, rarely opposite, entire or serrate at margin. Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic. Calyx usually 5-parted or lobed, mostly persistent. Corolla tubular, campanulate, rotate, funnelform, or salverform; tube appendages 5, rarely more, mostly trapeziform, rarely absent, sometimes a ring of hairs present; limb usually 5-parted; lobes overlapping, rarely twisted in bud. Stamens 5, inserted on corolla tube or rarely at throat, included or rarely exserted; anthers introrse, 2-loculed, usually dorsifixed at base, less often medifixed, dehiscence longitudinal. Nectaries at base of corolla tube or on disc below ovary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; locules 2 and each with 2 ovules, or 4 and each with 1 ovule; ovules nearly atropous, semianatropous, or anatropous. Style terminal or gynobasic, branched or not. Gynobase flat, fastigiate, or subulate. Fruit 1-4-seeded drupes or nutlets (mericarps) ; nutlets mostly dry, often ornamented with wings, prickles and/or glochids (stiff bristles with barbed or anchorlike tips) . Seeds vertical or oblique, coat membranous; embryo straight, less often curved; cotyledons flat, fleshy.

About 156 genera and 2500 species: temperate and tropical regions, centered in the Mediterranean region; 47 genera and 294 species in China, of which four genera and 156 species are endemic.^[1]

Habit: Forb/herb • Growth Form: Single Crown • Shape and Orientation: Prostrate

Flowers: Bloom Period: Early Spring • Flower Color: White • Flower Conspicuous: Yes

Seeds: Seed per Pound: 74848 • Seed Spread Rate: Moderate • Seedling Vigor: Medium • Fruit/Seed Abundance: Medium • Fruit/Seed Color: Brown • Fruit/Seed Conspicuous: No • Cold Stratification Required: No

Foliage: Foliage Color: Green • Foliage Porosity Summer: Porous • Foliage Porosity Winter: Porous • Foliage Texture: Fine • Fall Conspicuous: No • Leaf Retention: No

Images:

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92643

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92649

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92650

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92652

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92655

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92639

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92653

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92646

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92641

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92642

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92656

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92647

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92651

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92648

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92654

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92638

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92644

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92640

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92657

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92659

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92658

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 23726

Nemophila maculata Nemophila maculata Photographer: Brother Alfred Brousseau Courtesy of St. Mary\'s College of California. ZipcodeZoo Photo ID: 92645

Distribution

[ Back to top ]

Range and Population

North America

Native: .

Reproduction

[ Back to top ]

Duration: Annual • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring • Fruit/Seed Period End: Summer • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

[ Back to top ]

Culture: Space 9-12" apart.

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: No • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: None • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 6.5 • Maximum pH: 7.9 • Fertility Requirement: Low

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade. • Shade Tolerance: Tolerant

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: Low • Minimum Precipitation: 14 • Maximum Precipitation: 24 • Moisture Use: Medium

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): 52 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 100 • Cold Hardiness: Not Applicable (map)

Similar Species

[ Back to top ]

Members of the genus Nemophila:

Members of the genus Encephalartos:

Bibliography

[ Back to top ]

Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. (F CalifJep)
Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
Wang Wen-tsai, Liu Yu-lan, Zhu Ge-ling, Lian Yong-shan, Wang Jing-quan & Wang Qing-rui in Kung Xian-wu & Wang Wen-tsai, eds. 1989. Boraginaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(2): 1-253.

More Info

[ Back to top ]

Search for Pictures: images.google.com
Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CA L | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Translate this page using Google: Arabic | Chinese | Deutsch | Español | Français | Italiano | Japanese | Korean | Português

Notes

[ Back to top ]

Contributors:

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 6 providers.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 29, 2008)

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Herbarium of Oskarshamn
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers:

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 31426
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13745710
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:432470-1
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDHYD0B050
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: NEMA
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 51615

Footnotes:

Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl & Rudolf V. Kamelin "Boraginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Keep Exploring...

[ Back to top ]

What is this? Click to find out...

Last Revised: April 30, 2008