Interesting Facts
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Genus Mikania
Vines (perennial
, sometimes suffrutescent
) [non-viney perennials, shrubs
], to 300[-1500+] cm. Stems usually twining
to scrambling (terete
, striate
, or [4-] 6-angled, sometimes winged
), branched. Leaves cauline; opposite [whorled
]; petiolate
[sessile]; blades
palmately 3[-7]-nerved [pinnately nerved], ± ovate
or deltate-ovate to triangular [linear
], margins
entire or undulate
to dentate
or toothed
to lobed
, faces
glabrous
or puberulent
to tomentose
, often gland-dotted. Heads discoid
, in corymbiform
[paniculiform
, racemiform
, spiciform
, thyrsiform] arrays. Involucres ± cylindric
, [1-]2-3[-4] mm diam. (usually each subtended by 1 bractlet
). Phyllaries persistent
, 4 in ± 2 series (outer pair imbricate over inner pair), not notably nerved, lanceolate, linear, or oblong
(bases
often swollen), ± equal. Receptacles flat (glabrous), epaleate. Florets 4; corollas usually white, sometimes pink to rose or purplish, throats
funnelform
or campanulate
, lobes
5, linear or triangular to deltate; styles: bases slightly, if at all, enlarged, glabrous, branches ± filiform
[weakly clavate
]. Cypselae ± prismatic
, [4-]5[-10]-ribbed, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes gland-dotted; pappi persistent, of [20-]30-60 (white, buff, pinkish, or purplish) barbellulate
to barbellate
bristles
in 1-2 series (distinct
or basally connate
). x = 16-20.
Species ca.
450: overwhelmingly neotropical
(9 species in the Old World tropics), some temperate
North American and South American.
All species of Mikania in the flora
belong to M
. sect. Mikania in the sense of W. C.
Holmes (1996).[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
()
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
()
- Tribe:
Eupatorieae
()
- Subtribe:
Mikaniinae
()
- Genus:
Mikania
()
- Willdenow, 1803, nom. cons.
- Climbing hempweed [For Josef Gottfried Mikan, 1743-1814, professor, University of Prague]
- Specific epithet:
troyana
- Urb.
- Botanical name: - Mikania troyana Urb.
- Specific epithet:
troyana
- Urb.
- Genus:
Mikania
(
- Subtribe:
Mikaniinae
(
- Tribe:
Eupatorieae
(
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Comment: Data Providers: Caribbean Checklist
, IPNI, Tropicos. GCC
LSID: urn
:lsid:compositae.org:names:F25A8E62-47FA-4159-B8A8-BDCDC44CC668
Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-09
Similar Species
Members of the genus Mikania
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 11 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
M. congesta (Guaco) · M. cordata (Heartleaf Hempvine) · M. cordifolia (Florida Keys Hempvine) · M. fragilis (Fragile Hempvine) · M. micrantha (American Rope Mikania Micrantha) · M. millei (Poroto Angu) · M. odoratissima (Fragrant Hempvine) · M. pachyphylla (Luquillo Mountain Hempvine) · M. porosa (Puerto Rico Hempvine) · M. scandens (Climbing Boneset Mikania Scandens) · M. stevensiana (Maricao River Hempvine)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 183.
- Holmes, W. C. 1996. A proposed sectional classification for Mikania (Eupatorieae). In: D. J. N. Hind et al., eds. 1996. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew 1994. 2 vols. Kew. Vol. 1, pp. 621-626.
- Holmes, W. C. 1981. Mikania (Compositae) of the United States. Sida 9: 147-158.
- Holmes, W. C. 1993. The Genus Mikania (Compositae: Eupatorieae) in the Greater Antilles. Fort Worth. [Sida Bot. Misc. 9.]
- Robinson, B. L. 1934. Mikania scandens and its near relatives. Contr. Gray Herb. 104: 55-71.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3445890
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-14607
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15175688
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:233294-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1052413
Footnotes
- Walter C. Holmes "Mikania". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 459, 545, 546. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
