Mertensia maritima

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Boraginaceae

Herbs perennial , biennial, or annual , less often lianas, shrubs , or trees , usually bristly or scabrous-pubescent. Leaves simple , exstipulate , alternate, rarely opposite, entire or serrate at margin . Inflorescences often double scorpioid cymes, rarely solitary; bracts present or absent. Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic. Calyx usually 5-parted or lobed , mostly persistent . Corolla tubular , campanulate , rotate, funnelform , or salverform ; tube appendages 5, rarely more, mostly trapeziform, rarely absent, sometimes a ring of hairs present; limb usually 5-parted; lobes overlapping, rarely twisted in bud. Stamens 5, inserted on corolla tube or rarely at throat , included or rarely exserted; anthers introrse , 2-loculed, usually dorsifixed at base , less often medifixed , dehiscence longitudinal . Nectaries at base of corolla tube or on disc below ovary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; locules 2 and each with 2 ovules, or 4 and each with 1 ovule; ovules nearly atropous , semianatropous, or anatropous . Style terminal or gynobasic , branched or not. Gynobase flat, fastigiate , or subulate . Fruit 1-4-seeded drupes or nutlets (mericarps) ; nutlets mostly dry, often ornamented with wings , prickles and/or glochids (stiff bristles with barbed or anchorlike tips ) . Seeds vertical or oblique , coat membranous; embryo straight, less often curved ; cotyledons flat, fleshy .

About 156 genera and 2500 species: temperate and tropical regions , centered in the Mediterranean region; 47 genera and 294 species in China, of which four genera and 156 species are endemic.[1]

Genus Mertensia

Herbs perennial , glabrous or pubescent , with thin rhizomes. Basal leaves usually withering early, ovate ; stem leaves alternate. Cymes terminal , several flowered, becoming racemelike, ebracteate . Flowers pedicellate . Calyx 5-cleft or 5-parted, shorter than corolla tube ; lobes lanceolate to ovate, not changing much in fruit. Corolla funnelform , usually sky blue or blue; throat with transverse folds or scalelike appendages ; lobes spreading , ovate to oblong or semiorbicular, apex obtuse . Stamens inserted between appendages or slightly below; filaments short, filiform or ligulate ; anthers oblong to ovate, longer than filaments, exserted. Ovary 4-parted. Style filiform, exserted from corolla. Gynobase conical . Nutlets tetrahedral , glabrous; adaxially sharp, sometimes nearly winged on keel; abaxially convex , wrinkled, tuberculate , rarely narrowly winged along margin ; attachment scar at base adaxially.

About 15 species: Asia, E and NW Europe, North America; six species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 238 meters (782 feet).[3]

Biome: Coastal.

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Mertensia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 36 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

M. alpina (Alpine Bluebells) · M. arizonica (Arizona Bluebells) · M. bakeri var. bakeri (Baker's Bluebells) · M. bella (Beautiful Bluebells) · M. brevistyla (Short-Style Bluebells) · M. campanulata (Bell-Flowered Bluebells) · M. ciliata (Mountain Bluebell) · M. ciliata (James ex Torr.) G.Don var. stomatechoides (Tall Fringe Bluebells) · M. ciliata var. ciliata (Tall Fringe Bluebells) · M. ciliata var. stomatechoides (Tall Fringed Bluebells) · M. drummondii (Drummond Bluebell) · M. franciscana (Franciscan Bluebell) · M. humilis (Rocky Mountain Bluebells) · M. lanceolata (Lanceleaf Bluebells) · M. lanceolata var. brachyloba (Prairie Bluebells) · M. lanceolata var. coriacea (Prairie Bluebells) · M. lanceolata var. lanceolata (Prairie Bluebells) · M. lanceolata var. secundorum (Prairie Bluebells) · M. longiflora (Long-Flower Bluebells) · M. macdougalii (Macdougal's Bluebells) · M. maritima (Gray Oysterleaf) · M. maritima asiatica (Oysterleaf) · M. maritima var. asiatica (Oysterleaf) · M. maritima var. maritima (Oysterleaf) · M. oblongifolia (Languid-Lady) · M. paniculata (Chiming Bells) · M. paniculata var. alaskana (Alaska Tall Bluebells) · M. paniculata var. borealis (Northern Bluebells) · M. paniculata var. eastwoodiae (Eastwood's Bluebells) · M. paniculata var. paniculata (Tall Bluebells) · M. platyphylla (Broad-Leaf Bluebells) · M. platyphylla var. platyphylla (Broadleaf Bluebells) · M. platyphylla var. subcordata (Beebalm) · M. pterocarpa var. yezoensis (Japanese Bluebells) · M. umbratilis (Shade Bluebells) · M. virginica (Lungwort Oysterleaf)

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Further Reading

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• A catalogue of the phaenogamous plants of Great Britain: arranged according to the natural orders: with a copious list of synonyms carefully compiled from Steudel's Nomenclator botanicus, Smith's English flora, Hookers's British flora, Lindley's Synopsis, by Henry Ibbotson. London: H. Bailliere, 1848. url p. 84.
• A compendium of the Cybele britannica; or British plants in their geographical relations. London, Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1870. url , , .
• A dictionary of American plant names / compiled by Willard N. Clute. Joliet, Ill.: W.N. Clute, 1923. url p. 67.
• A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees, and shrubs, by William Miller; in two parts, English-Latin and Latin-English. London, J. Murray, 1884. url p. 100.
• A flora of the English Lake District. London, G. Bell, 1885. url .
• A general index of the agricultural reports of the Patent Office, for twenty-five years, from 1837 to 1861; and of the Department of Agriculture, for fifteen years, from 1862 to 1876. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1879. url p. 210.
• A general system of gardening and botany. Founded upon Miller's Gardener's dictionary, and arranged according to the natural system. By George Don. London, Printed for C. J. G. and F. Rivington, 1831-38. url p. 320.
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• A naturalist in the Bahamas: New York, Columbia University Press[c1910] url , , .
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• iv.
• Wang Wen-tsai, Liu Yu-lan, Zhu Ge-ling, Lian Yong-shan, Wang Jing-quan & Wang Qing-rui in Kung Xian-wu & Wang Wen-tsai, eds. 1989. Boraginaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(2): 1-253.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 11, 2007:

• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2654521
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-31661
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:118618-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 24111
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 31661
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBOR0N0F0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MEMA3
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 50042

Footnotes

1. Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl & Rudolf V. Kamelin "Boraginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Mertensia". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 375. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Standard Deviation = 423.800 based on 87,645 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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