Mercurialis annua

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Euphorbiaceae

The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,478 meters (0 to 4,849 feet).[1]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Discoplis serrata Raf. • Mercurialis ambigua L. F. • Mercurialis annua ambigua (L. F.) Arcang. • Mercurialis annua ambigua< /i> (L. F.) Müll. Arg. • Mercurialis annua f. ciliata (J. Presl & C. Presl) Pax & K. Hoffm. • Mercurialis annua f. cordata Wirtg. • Mercurialis annua f. cuneatolanceolata Wirtg. • Mercurialis annua f. huetii (Hanry) Pax & K. Hoffm. • Mercurialis annua f. lanceolata Wirtg. • Mercurialis annua f. ovata Wirtg. • Mercurialis annua huetii (Hanry) Lange • Mercurialis annua var. ambigua Duby • Mercurialis annua var. angustifolia Gaudin • Mercurialis annua var. camberiensis Chabert • Mercurialis annua var. capillacea Guépin • Mercurialis annua var. dioica Moris • Mercurialis annua var. euannua Litard. • Mercurialis annua var. genuina Müll. Arg. • Mercurialis annua var. huetii (Hanry) Müll. Arg. • Mercurialis annua var. laciniata Müll. Arg. • Mercurialis annua var. monoica Moris • Mercurialis annua var. serrata Litard. • Mercurialis annua var. transsylvanica Schur • Mercurialis annua var. typica Fiori • Mercurialis annua var. variegata Löhr • Mercurialis ciliata J. Presl & C. Presl • Mercurialis huetii Hanry • Mercurialis ladanum Hartm. • Mercurialis monoica (Moris) B. M. Durand • Mercurialis pinnatifida Sennen • Mercurialis tarraconensis Sennen • Synema annuum (L.) Dulac

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Mercurialis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

M. annua (Annual Mercury) · M. perennis (Dog's Mercury)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• The wild-flowers of Selborne and other papers by John Vaughan. London, J. Lane, 1906. url p. 32, p. 32.
• Thornton, R. J. New illustration of the sexual system of Carolus von Linnaeus: and the temple of Flora, or garden of nature. 1807 London: 1807. url .
• Topographical botany: being local and personal records towards shewing the distribution of British plants traced through the 112 counties and vice-counties of England, Wales, and Scotland. London, B. Quaritch, 1883. url .
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 176, p. 198, p. 4, p. 49.
• Tracts relative to botany, tr. from different languages. Illustrated by nine copper plates, and occasional remarks. London, Printed by Phillips and Fardon [etc.]1805. url p. 45.
• Transactions and proceedings of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. [Edinburgh]: The Society, 1891-1970. url p. 18, p. 19, p. 301, p. 301.
• Transactions of the Edinburgh Field Naturalists' and Microscopical Society. [Edinburgh]: The Club, 1891- url p. 140, p. 272.
• Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. London, The Society. url , .
• Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Newcastle-upon-Tyne [et al.]F. & W. Dodsworth [et al.]1865/67-1973. url p. 245, p. 306.
• Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club. Newcastle-upon-Tyne: F. & W. Dodsworth, 1850-1864. url p. 131, p. 140, p. 305, p. 309.
• Transactions of the Watford Natural History Society and Hertfordshire Field Club. London: Hardwicke and Bogue, 1875-1880. url p. 77.
• Travels through that part of North America formerly called Louisiana. / By Mr. Bossu, captain in the French Marines.; translated from the French, by John Reinhold Forster, F.A.S.; illustrated with notes relative chiefly to natural history; to which is added by the tran London: Printed for T. Davies, 1771. url p. 223.
• Vegetable teratology, an account of the principal deviations from the usual construction of plants, Maxwell T. Masters. .. With numerous illus. by E. M. Williams. London, Published for the Ray Society by R. Hardwicke, 1869. url p. 198.
• [Miscellaneous reprints on botany] London, 19 ? url , , , .

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• GBIF-Spain, Departamento de Biolog. Veg. II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid: MAF
• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• NLBIF, Limnodata
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum - Herbarium GJO, Herbarium GJO
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2651981
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-125710
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4462689
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352181-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 24100
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 28354
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEUP11010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MEAN
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 50014

Footnotes

1. Mean = 120.460 meters (395.210 feet), Standard Deviation = 166.290 based on 4,382 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.