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• Conservation Status
• Taxonomy
• Physical Description
• Distribution
• Reproduction
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes
• Keep Exploring

Overview:

Critically Endangered

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List: CR Critically Endangered

NatureServe: G1 Critically Imperiled

US Endangered Species Act: Endangered. The Alani was first listed on October 10, 1996. It is currently designated as Endangered in the Entire Range. Within the area covered by this listing, this species is known to occur in: Hawaii. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region (Region 1) is the lead region for this entity. More info.

History:

• 1997-Endangered (Walter and Gillett 1998)

Threats:

• 1.1.4 Habitat Loss/Degradation - Agriculture - Livestock (ongoing)
• 2 Invasive alien species (directly affecting the species) (ongoing)
• 2.4 Invasive alien species (directly affecting the species) - Pathogens/parasites (ongoing)
• 7 Natural disasters (ongoing)
• 8.2 Changes in native species dynamics - Predators (ongoing)

For info on these threat codes, see here.

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms:

1. Melicope hiiakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone
2. Melicope lakae (B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone
3. Pelea hiiakae B.C. Stone
4. Pelea lakae B.C. Stone
5. Pelea wahiawaensis St. John & Hume
6. Pelea waipioensis St. John
7. Pelea wawraeana Rock
8. Pelea wawraeana var. pubens St. John

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: Taxon 38:122. 1989

Name verified on 08-Mar-2000 by ARS Systematic Botanists.

Physical Description

Family Rutaceae:

The Rutaceae are herbs, shrubs, and trees with glandular punctate, commonly strongly smelling herbage comprising about 150 genera and 1,500 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of spines and winged petioles. The leaves are alternate or opposite, simple or palmately or pinnately compound, or sometimes heathlike or reduced to spines; stipules are absent. The flowers are often sweet-scented, nearly always bisexual, and are actinomorphic or sometimes zygomorphic. The calyx consists of 3-5 distinct or basally connate sepals and the corolla consists of 3-5 distinct or sometimes connate petals or rarely the petals are lacking. The androecium consists of distinct or sometimes connate stamens that are commonly obdiplostemonous, that is in two whorls with the outer whorl opposite the petals. However, sometimes there may be (1)3-4 whorls or rarely up to 60 stamens. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of commonly 2-5 or more, often incompletely connate carpels that may be united only basally or apically, either one or an equal number of styles, and a superior ovary with usually 2-5 or more locules, each bearing 1-several axile ovules. Generally, an intrastaminal nectary disk is situated between the stamens and the ovary. The fruit is variable. -- Gerald Carr.

Habit: Tree

Distribution

Range and Population

Oceania

Native: .

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Similar Species

Members of the genus Melicope:

There are approximately 332 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: M. obtusifolia gigas · M. aberrans · M. accedens · M. acronychioides · M. acuminata · M. adscendens (Alani) · M. aequata · M. affinis · M. alba · M. albiflora · M. alpestris · M. aneura · M. anisata (Mokihana) · M. anomala · M. auriculata · M. australasica · M. awadan · M. bakeri · M. balankazo · M. balansae · M. balloui (Alani) · M. barbigera (Uahi-A-Pele) · M. beccarii · M. belahe · M. benguetensis · M. blancoi · M. bonwickii · M. borbonica · M. borbonica var. acuminata · M. boweriana · M. brachiata · M. bracteata · M. brassii · M. broadbentiana · M. buennemeijeri · M. buennemeijerii · M. burmahia · M. burttiana · M. buwaldae · M. calycina · M. capillacea · M. carrii · M. celebica · M. chapelieri · M. chapelieri var. sessilis · M. chooreechillum · M. christophersenii (Christophersen's Pelea) · M. chunii · M. cinerea (Manena) · M. clathrata · M. clemensiae · M. clusiifolia (Clusia-Leaf Pelea) · M. confusa · M. conjugata · M. contermina · M. coodeana · M. coriacea · M. corneri · M. crassifolia · M. crassiramis · M. cravenii · M. crispula · M. cruciata (Cross-Bearing Pelea) · M. crusiata · M. cucullata · M. cucullata var. robustior · M. curranii · M. decaryana · M. degeneri (Degener's Pelea) · M. denhamii · M. densiflora · M. dicksoniana · M. dielsii · M. discolor · M. diversifolia · M. doormani-montis · M. doormanimontis · M. dubia · M. durifolia · M. elleryana (Pink Evodia) · M. elliptica (Leiohi'iaka) · M. emarginata · M. eriophylla · M. erromangensis · M. erythrococca · M. euneura · M. euneuron · M. evansensis · M. exuta · M. fareana · M. fatuhivensis · M. feddei (Hiiaka) · M. fellii · M. flaviflora · M. floribunda · M. forbesii · M. fulva · M. gjellerupii · M. glabella · M. glaberrima

Bibliography

• Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. (L US Can ed2)
• St. John, H. 1973. List and summary of the flowering plants in the Hawaiian islands. (L Hawaii) [= Pelea zahlbruckneri].
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1996. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; determination of endangered status for thirteen plants from the islands of Hawaii, State of Hawaii. U.S. Federal Register 61(198): 53137-53153.
• United States Fish and Wildlife Service. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Species Information: threatened and endangered animals and plants - on-line resource. (US Fish & Wildl List)
• Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i. (F Hawaii)
• Wagner, W. L. et al. 1999. Hawaiian vascular plants at risk:1999. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 60:49.
• Wagner, W., Herbst, D. and Sohmer, S. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.

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Notes

Contributors:

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 29, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Melicope zahlbruckneri. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 20 October 2006.

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

• USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers:

• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 196059
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 1046643
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:946536-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDRUT0A230
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Identifier: Q1ZC
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MEZA
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 49533