Madia citriodora

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Genus Madia

Annuals , 5-250 cm. Stems erect . Leaves mostly cauline (at flowering) proximal opposite (often in rosettes), distal alternate; sessile; blades lanceolate or oblong-linear to linear , margins usually entire, sometimes toothed , faces hirsute to strigose , usually glandular-pubescent as well. Heads usually radiate (sometimes discoid in M. glomerata), in corymbiform , paniculiform , racemiform , or spiciform arrays or in glomerules . Peduncular bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0. Involucres ellipsoid , depressed-globose, globose , obconic, ovoid , or urceolate , 1-10+ mm diam. Phyllaries 0 (then outer paleae functioning as phyllaries, sometimes in M. glomerata), or 1-22 in 1 series (lance-linear to lance-attenuate or oblanceolate , herbaceous, each mostly or wholly enveloping a subtended ray ovary, abaxially hirsute and, usually, glandular ). Receptacles flat to convex , glabrous or setulose , paleate (paleae persistent or falling readily, in 1 series between rays and discs, ± connate or distinct , phyllary-like, more scarious ). Ray florets 0 (sometimes in M. glomerata), or 1-22, pistillate , fertile ; corollas yellowish (with maroon bases sometimes in M. elegans; purplish red sometimes in M. sativa). Disc florets 1-80+, bisexual and fertile or functionally staminate ; corollas usually yellow, sometimes purplish, tubes shorter than or about equaling funnelform throats , lobes 5, deltate (anthers ± dark purple or yellow to brownish; styles glabrous proximal to branches). Ray cypselae compressed , ± 3-angled, or rarely terete , clavate (often arcuate , basal attachments central or offset , apices sometimes beaked , faces glabrous) ; pappi 0. Disc cypselae similar, sometimes obovoid (often ± straight, basal attachments central, apices not beaked), sometimes 0; pappi 0. x = 8.

Species 10: North America, South America, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, probably introduced ).[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Openings in woodlands, forests , and shrublands, disturbed sites, stream banks, often in dry, stony or clayey soils; 30-1600 m (Ref. 101952).

Openings in woodlands, forests, and shrublands, disturbed sites, stream banks, often in dry, stony or clayey soils; 30-1600 m (Ref. 101952).

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Hemizonia citriodora (Greene) A. Gray

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Madia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 21 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

M. anomala (Plump-Seed Tarweed) · M. bolanderi (Bolander's Madia) · M. citrigracilis (Shasta Tarweed) · M. citriodora (Lemon-Scent Tarweed) · M. doris-nilesiae (Doris Niles Madia) · M. elegans densifolia (Common Madia) · M. elegans vernalis (Common Madia) · M. elegans wheeleri (Common Madia) · M. exigua (Little Tarweed) · M. glomerata (Cluster Tarweed) · M. gracilis (Grassy Tarweed) · M. hallii (Hall's Madia) · M. madioides (Woodland Madia) · M. minima (Least Tarweed) · M. nutans (Nodding Madia) · M. radiata (Golden Madia) · M. rammii (Ramm's Madia) · M. sativa (Chile Tarweed) · M. stebbinsii (Stebbins' Madia) · M. subspicata (Slender Tarweed) · M. yosemitana (Yosemite Tarweed)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A flora of northwest America, containing brief descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing without cultivation north of California, west of Utah, and south of British Columbia. Portland, Or., 1903. url .
• A flora of northwest America: containing brief descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing without cultivation north of California, west of Utah, and south of British Columbia / by Thomas Howell. Vol. 1, Phanerogamae. Portland, Or.: [s.n.], 1903. url p. 347.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 658, p. 917.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 11 1906 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 575, p. 576.
• Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 202, p. 294.
• Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: New Era, 1914. url p. 263, p. 264.
• Flora of the southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1914. url , .
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 576.
• Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. url p. 576.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 224, p. 391.
• Memoirs / Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Garden, 1918-1936. url p. 202, p. 294.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 490.
• Synoptical flora of North America. New York, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, and Co. [etc., etc.]1878-1884. url .
• Synoptical flora of North America: the Gamopetalae, a second edition of vol. I, pt. II, and vol. II, pt. I / collected by Asa Gray. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1888. url p. 307, p. 451.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 20, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2658967
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-38022
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13750090
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:231601-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 38022
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST65050
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MACI2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 48811

Footnotes

1. Bruce G. Baldwin, John L. Strother "Madia". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 255, 257, 295, 296, 298, 300, 302, 303, 304. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.