Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Si Ye Ao Zhou Jian Guo
Common Names in English:
Macadamia Nut, Macadamia-Nut, Queensland-Nut, Rough-Shell Queensland-Nut, Rough-Shelled Macadamia, Rough-Shelled Queensland-Nut, Si Ye Ao Zhou Jian Guo
Common Names in French:
Macadamia à Coque Ridée, Macadamier, Noisetier D´australie, Noix De Macadamia, Noix Du Queensland, Noyer Du Queensland
Common Names in German:
Macadamia Nuß, Macadamianuß, Rauhschalige Macadamia
Common Names in Informal Latinized N:
Macadamia Nut
Common Names in Japanese:
Hawai Makadamia Nattsu
Common Names in Portuguese:
Macadâmia, Nogueira-Macadâmia, Noz De Macadâmia
Common Names in Russian:
Avstralijskij Orech, австралийский орецх, макадамиа цетверолистная, Makadamia Cetverolistnaja
Common Names in Spanish:
Nogal De Australia, Nuez Australiana, Nuez De Macadamia
Description
Family Proteaceae
Trees
or shrubs
. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite or whorled
, simple
or variously divided
. Inflorescences axillary
, ramiflorous
, cauliflorous
, or terminal
, simple or rarely compound
, with flowers borne laterally either in pairs or sometimes singly, racemose, sometimes spicate
, paniculate
, or condensed into a head
; bracts subtending
flower pairs usually small, sometimes accrescent
and woody; floral
bracts usually minute or absent. Flowers bisexual
or rarely unisexual
and dioecious, actinomorphic
or zygomorphic. Perianth segments (3 or) 4(or 5), valvate
, usually tubular
in bud; limb short, variously split at anthesis
. Stamens 4, opposite perianth segments; filaments
usually adnate
to perianth and not distinct
; anthers
basifixed
, usually 2-loculed, longitudinally dehiscent
, connective
often prolonged. Hypogynous glands
4 (or 1-3 or absent), free
or variously connate
. Ovary superior, 1-loculed, sessile or stipitate
; ovules 1 or 2(or more), pendulous, laterally or basally, rarely subapically attached. Style
terminal, simple, often apically clavate
; stigma terminal or lateral
, mostly small. Fruit a follicle, achene, or drupe or drupaceous
. Seeds 1 or 2(or few to many), sometimes winged
; endosperm absent (or vestigial
) ; embryo usually straight; cotyledons thin or thick and fleshy
; radicle short, inferior.
About 80 genera and ca.
1700 species: mostly in tropics and subtropics, especially in S Africa and Australia: three genera (one introduced
) and 25 species (12 endemic, two introduced) in China.
The family
is subdivided into Bellendenoideae, Caranarvonioideae, Eidotheoideae, Grevilleoideae, Persoonioideae, Proteoideae, and Sphalmioideae; all Chinese genera belong to Grevilleoideae. Grevillea robusta is grown extensively as a street tree in S China, especially in Yunnan.Huaxing Qiu & Peter H. Weston "Proteaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 192. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Genus Macadamia
Trees
or tall shrubs
. Leaves whorled
, margin
entire
or spiny
serrate. Inflorescences axillary
or sometimes terminal
, a raceme
or rarely a panicle of flower pairs; bracts of flower pairs early caducous
; floral
bracts absent. Flower bisexual. Pedicels free
. Perianth tube
slightly curved
; limb segments clavate
, free, recurved at anthesis
. Stamens inserted
slightly below limb; anthers
oblong
; connective
produced
into an appendage
. Hypogynous glands
connate
into a cup
or ring
. Ovary sessile; ovules 2, orthotropous
. Style
straight or bent, apex clavate; stigma terminal, small. Fruit tardily dehiscent
; pericarp thick, hard, leathery. Seed 1 and globose
or rarely 2 and hemispheric
; cotyledons fleshy
.
About nine species: Australia and Indonesia (Sulawesi) ; two species (introduced
) in China."Macadamia". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 199. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Proteanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Proteales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Proteaceae
(
)
- A.l. De Jussieu, 1789, Nom. Cons.
- Protea Family
- Genus:
Macadamia
(
)
- F. Mueller, Trans. & Proc. Philos. Inst. Victoria. 2: 72. 1857.
- Macadamia
- Specific epithet:
tetraphylla
- L.A.S.Johnson
- Botanical name: - Macadamia tetraphylla L. A. S. Johnson
- Specific epithet:
tetraphylla
- L.A.S.Johnson
- Genus:
Macadamia
(
- Family:
Proteaceae
(
- Order:
Proteales
(
- Superorder:
Proteanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Macadamia tetraphylla L. Johnson
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 79:15. 1954
Name verified on 12-Dec-2001 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 24-Sep-2002
Similar Species
Members of the genus Macadamia
There are approximately 27 species in this genus:
M. alticola · M. angustifolia · M. claudiensis · M. erecta · M. francii · M. grandis · M. heyana · M. hildebrandii · M. hybrid · M. integrifolia (Macadamia Nut) · M. integrifolia var. Kampong · M. jansenii · M. leptophylla · M. lowii · M. minor · M. neurophylla · M. praealta · M. rousselii · M. ternifolia var. integrifolia · M. ternifolia var. ternifolia · M. ternifolia var. typica · M. tetraphylla (Macadamia Nut) · M. verticillata · M. vieillardii · M. whelani · M. whelanii · M. youngiana
Bibliography
- Anderson, R. 1968. The trees of New South Wales. (Trees NSW)
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
- George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia, new ed. (F Aust)
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. (Food Feed Crops US)
- Stanley, T. D. & E. M. Ross. 1983–1989. Flora of south-eastern Queensland. (F SE Queensl)
- Storey. 1965. Pacific Sci. 19:507–514.
- Verheij, E. W. M. & R. E. Coronel, eds. 1991. Edible fruits and nuts. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). (Pl Res SEAs) 2:195.
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994–. Flora of China (English edition). (F ChinaEng)
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 29, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum: Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670525
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-506560
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 293876
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705200-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 105388
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506560
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 137224-3
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: MATE16
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 48720
