Lycopodiella cernua

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Lycopodiaceae

Plants terrestrial , on rock, or epiphytic. Roots emerging near origin , or growing through cortex and emergent some distance from origin. Horizontal stems present or absent, mainly protostelic, in some species becoming actino- or plectostelic, on substrate surface or subterranean , or forming stolons. Upright shoots simple or branched, usually conspicuously leafy at least at base ; abscising gemmae formed by reduced lateral shoots. Lateral shoots present or absent, simple or branched, branching pattern dichotomous and sometimes pseudomonopodial; leaves uniform or dimorphic or trimorphic. Upright and lateral shoots round or flat in cross section ; leaves on subterranean parts flat, appressed , nonphotosynthetic, and scalelike; leaves on aerial parts appressed, ascending , or spreading , with 1 central unbranched vein , needlelike to lanceolate to ovate , remote to dense and imbricate, with or without basal and/or mucilage canals. Strobili sessile or stalked , upright, nodding , or pendent. Sporangia solitary, adaxial near leaf base or axillary ; subtending leaves (sporophylls) unmodified and photosynthetic to much modified, nonphotosynthetic, reduced, and aggregated in strobili; sporangia reniform to globose , thick-walled with hundreds of spores, outer walls variously modified. Spores all 1 kind, trilete, thick-walled, surfaces pitted to small-grooved, rugulate, or reticulate . Gametophytes subterranean and nonphotosynthetic or surficial and photosynthetic.

Genera 10--15, species 350--400 (7 genera, 27 species in the flora ) : worldwide.

The Lycopodiaceae are an extremely diverse , ancient family . The family may contain even more than the estimated 400 species because the tropical members and the very large genus Phlegmariurus are still poorly known. The relationships among genera of Lycopodiaceae are not well understood because large evolutionary gaps exist among most genera. Some of the genera, notably Diphasiastrum, Huperzia, and Lycopodiella, exhibit extensive interspecific hybridization, which has caused much taxonomic confusion in the past. Differences in expressions of many of the generic characters are subtle, and some of the characters are microscopic.[1]

Genus Lycopodiella

Plants creeping on wet ground . Roots emerging immediately on underside of stems. Horizontal stems on substrate surface, supine or arching . Upright shoots forming very leafy peduncles scattered along horizontal stems, 2--9 mm diam., unbranched. Gemmiferous branchlets and gemmae absent. Strobili solitary, fully differentiated from peduncle or peduncle not differentiated, tip blunt to ± acute; peduncle leafy, leaves not in distinct ranks , not imbricate, usually monomorphic , linear-lanceolate, margins commonly with a few teeth; sporophylls generally longer than peduncle leaves. Sporangia nearly globose . Spores rugulate, sides at equator convex , angles acute. Gametophytes photosynthetic, on substrate surface, pincushion-shaped; ring meristem absent. x = 78.

Species 8--10: north temperate region and tropical America.

This concept of Lycopodiella excludes the segregate genera Pseudolycopodiella (including Lycopodium carolinianum ) and Palhinhaea (including Lycopodium cernuum ). It has been treated as Lepidotis Palisot de Beauvois ex Mirbel, but this is a later name for Lycopodium. Species of Lycopodiella hybridize readily (see reticulogram). Hybrids between species of the same ploidy level are apparently fertile with normal meiosis and spores, but those between different ploidy levels are sterile (J. G. Bruce 1975).[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,936 meters (0 to 16,194 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Partial to Full Shade.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Lycopodium cernuum L.

Notes

Basionym : L.

Basionym author: (L.)

Basionym: Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium cernuum L.

Basionym author: (L.)

Similar Species

Members of the genus Lycopodiella

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

L. alopecuroides (Foxtail Bog-Clubmoss) · L. appressa (Southern Bog Clubmoss) · L. brucei (Bruce's Clubmoss) · L. caroliniana (Carolina Clubmoss) · L. caroliniana (L.) Pichi Sermolli var. caroliniana (L.) Pichi Sermolli (Slender Clubmoss) · L. caroliniana var. caroliniana (Slender Clubmoss) · L. caroliniana var. meridionalis (Slender Clubmoss) · L. cernua (Creeping Clubmoss) · L. cernua var. cernua (Staghorn Clubmoss) · L. cernua var. cernua (L.) Pichi Sermolli (Staghorn Clubmoss) · L. cernua var. crassifolia (Staghorn Clubmoss) · L. cernua var. curvata (Staghorn Clubmoss) · L. copelandii (Copeland's Clubmoss) · L. inundata (Bog Clubmoss) · L. margueritiae (Marguerite's Clubmoss) · L. prostrata (Featherstem Clubmoss) · L. subappressa (Northern Appressed Clubmoss) · L. × brucei (Bruce's Clubmoss) · L. × copelandii (Copeland's Clubmoss)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
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• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A floral and faunal inventory of the Parc national de Marojejy, Madagascar: with reference to elevational variation / Steven M. Goodman, editor. 97 2000 [Chicago, Ill.]: Field Museum of Natural History, c2000. url table 2-3, page 27.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 143, p. 145.
• Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. London: The Natural History Museum, c1993-2002. url p. 65, p. 88.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 50 2004 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 109, p. 124, p. 14, p. 41, p. 47, p. 70, p. 79, p. 80, p. 80, p. 96, p. 99.
• Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium. 21 1997 Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan, 1939- url p. 95.
• Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala. Robert G. Stolze. 12 1983 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1983. url p. 24.
• Journal of ethnobiology. 15 1995 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 222.
• Novon a journal of botanical nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden. 7 1997 St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden, url p. 314.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 194, p. 202, p. 300, p. 402.
• Pteridophyta of Peru. Rolla M. Tryon, Robert G. Stolze; with the collaboration of: R. James Hickey, Benjamin Øllgaard. 34 1994 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1994. url list of illustrations , p. 58, p. 63, p. 64, p. iii.
• Øllgaard, B. 1990. Lycopodiaceae. In: K. Kubitzki et al., eds. 1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 1+ vol. Berlin etc. Vol. 1, pp. 31--39.
• Øllgaard, B. 1987. A revised classification of the Lycopodiaceae s. lat. Opera Bot. 92: 153--178.
• Øllgaard, B. 1989. Index of the Lycopodiaceae. Biol. Skr. 34: 1--135.
• Wagner, W. H. Jr. and J. M. Beitel. 1992. Generic classification of modern North American Lycopodiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 676--686.
• Wagner, F. S. 1992. Cytological problems in Lycopodium sens. lat. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 718--729.
• Wagner, W. H. Jr. 1993. A new combination for a North American lycopod. Novon 3: 305.
• Bruce, J. G. 1975. Systematics and Morphology of Subgenus Lepidotus of the Genus Lycopodium (Lycopodiaceae). Ph.D. thesis. University of Michigan.
• Bruce, J. G., W. H. Wagner Jr., and J. M. Beitel. 1991. Two new species of bog clubmoss, Lycopodiella (Lycopodiaceae) from southwestern Michigan. Michigan Bot. 30: 3--10.
• Snyder, L. H. Jr. and J. G. Bruce. 1986. Field Guide to the Ferns and Other Pteridophytes of Georgia. Athens, Ga.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• GBIF-Spain, CUBA: Herbario de la Academia de Ciencias, La Habana, Cuba: HAC-Pteridophyta
• GBIF-Spain, CUBA:Herbario del Jardín Botánico Nacional, La Habana, Cuba: HAJB-Pteridophyta
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
• University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU, Herbarium WU

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667977
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-503607
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14367395
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:168615-3
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 503607
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 17443150
• MoBot NameID: 26601794
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PPLYC03070
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: LYCE2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 48621

Footnotes

1. Warren H. Wagner Jr. & Joseph M. Beitel "Lycopodiaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Lycopodiella". in Flora of North America Vol 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 461.680 meters (1,514.698 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,005.950 based on 1,498 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.