Linaria repens

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Linaria

Herbs, annual or perennial . Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled , often sessile; veins 1 or several and campylodromous . Inflorescences spicate , racemose, or rarely capitate. Calyx 5-lobed almost to base . Corolla tube tubular , base spurred; limb 2-lipped; lower lip convex , dilated toward center of upper lip, almost closed at throat , and making corolla personate , 3-lobed, densely glandular hairy ; upper lip erect, 2-lobed. Stamens 4, anterior 2 longer ; anthers anterior and posterior connivent in 2 pairs, locules parallel, divergent after dehiscence. Stigma apex often emarginate . Capsule ovoid or globose , apically dehiscing by irregular pores , valves irregular. Seeds numerous , flattened, often disclike with a broadly winged margin , rarely 3-angled and wingless or reniform and with a thickened margin.

About 100 species: northern temperate zones, mainly in Asia and Europe; ten species in China.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,417 meters (0 to 7,930 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Linaria

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 33 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

L. aeruginea (Linaria) · L. alpina (Alpen-Leinkraut) · L. alpina alpina (Alpine Toadflax) · L. angustissima (Italian Toadflax) · L. bipartita (Clovenlip Toadflax) · L. bipartita linogrisea (Cloven-Lip Toadflax) · L. dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica macedonica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica subsp. macedonica (Dalmation Toadflax) · L. genistifolia (Broom-Leaf Toadflax) · L. incarnata (Crimson Toadflax) · L. maroccana (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Confetti' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Dwarf Fairy Bouquet Mix' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Fantasy' (Dwarf Baby Snapdragon) · L. nevadensis 'Gemstones' (Linaria) · L. nevadensis 'Grenada Sol' (Linaria) · L. pelisseriana (Pelissers Toadflax) · L. pinifolia (Pineneedle Toadflax) · L. pseudolaxiflora (Maltese Toadflax) · L. purpurea (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Alba' (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Canon J. Went' (Canon J. Went Perennial Toadflax) · L. repens (Pale Toadflax) · L. reticulata (Purple-Net Toadflax) · L. reticulata 'Flamenco' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. reticulata 'Flaming Passion' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. sepium (Toadflax) · L. spartea (Ballast Toadflax) · L. supina (Lesser Butter and Eggs) · L. triornithophora (Three Bird Toadflax) · L. vulgaris (Butter and Eggs)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees, and shrubs, by William Miller; in two parts, English-Latin and Latin-English. London, J. Murray, 1884. url p. 137.
• A flora of the English Lake District. London, G. Bell, 1885. url , p. 156.
• A guide to Belfast and the counties of Down & Antrim / prepared for the meeting of the British Association by the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. Belfast: M'Caw, Stevenson & Orr, ltd., 1902. url p. 110, p. 114, p. 122.
• A guide to the natural history of the Isle of Wight: a series of contributions by specialists relating to the various branches of natural history and kindred subjects / edited by Frank Morey. Newport, Isle of Wight: The County Press, 1909. url p. 165.
• A new British flora: British wild flowers in their natural haunts / described by A. R. Horwood; with sixty-four plates in colour representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illustrations from photographs. London: Gresham, 1919. url , p. 219, p. 221.
• A new British flora; British wild flowers in their natural haunts, described by A. R. Horwood, with 64 plates in col. representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illus. from photo. London, Gresham Pub. Co., 1919. url p. 219.
• A new London flora; or, Handbook to the botanical localities of the metropolitan districts. Compiled from the latest authorities, and from personal observations. London, Hardwick and Bogue, 1877. url p. 175, p. 177, p. 38.
• Alpines and bog-plants, London, E. Arnold, 1908. url .
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• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 176, p. 178.
• An illustrated guide to the flowering plants of the middle Atlantic and New England states (excepting the grasses and sedges) the descriptive text written in familiar language, by George T. Stevens. .. with more than 1800 illustrations from drawings by the author. New York, Dodd, Mead and company, 1910. url p. 553.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 46, p. 554.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 618.
• Botaniska notiser. Upsala: Wahlstro?m, 1857-c1980. url p. 47.
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• English botany, or, coloured figures of British plants / edited by John T. Boswell Syme; the popular portion by Mrs. Lankester; the figures by J. Sowerby, J. de C. Sowerby, J.W. Salter, and John Edward Sowerby. London: G. Bell, 1873. url p. 142.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 16, 2008:

• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Observations du Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien.
• GBIF-Spain, Aranzadi Zientzi Elkartea
• GBIF-Spain, CIBIO, Alicante:ABH-GBIF
• GBIF-Spain, Institut Botanic de Barcelona, BC
• GBIF-Spain, Jardi Botanic de Valencia: VAL
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Univ. Herbarium SALAMANCA: SALA
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad del País Vasco/EHU, Bilbao: Herbario BIO
• GBIF-Spain, Universitat de Girona: HGI-Cormophyta
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2655667
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-33214
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 1039463
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:804897-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 33214
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR11090
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: LIRE3
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 47365

Footnotes

1. "Linaria". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 49. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 164.130 meters (538.484 feet), Standard Deviation = 200.960 based on 3,479 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.