Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Dalmatian Toadflax, Broadleaf Toadflax, Dalmation Toadflax
Common Names in German:
Dalmatiner Leinkraut
Description
Genus Linaria
Herbs, annual
or perennial
. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled
, often sessile; veins 1 or several and campylodromous
. Inflorescences spicate
, racemose, or rarely capitate. Calyx 5-lobed almost to base
. Corolla tube
tubular
, base spurred; limb 2-lipped; lower lip convex
, dilated
toward center of upper lip, almost closed
at throat
, and making corolla personate
, 3-lobed, densely glandular
hairy
; upper lip erect, 2-lobed. Stamens 4, anterior 2 longer
; anthers
anterior and posterior connivent in 2 pairs, locules parallel, divergent after dehiscence. Stigma apex often emarginate
. Capsule ovoid
or globose
, apically dehiscing by irregular pores
, valves
irregular. Seeds numerous
, flattened, often disclike with a broadly winged
margin
, rarely 3-angled and wingless or reniform
and with a thickened margin.
About 100 species: northern temperate
zones, mainly in Asia and Europe; ten species in China.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Forb/herb
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
()
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Plantaginaceae
()
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily:
Antirrhinoideae
()
- Tribe:
Antirrhineae
()
- Genus:
Linaria
()
- P. Miller, 1754
- Toadflax
- Specific epithet:
dalmatica
- (Griseb.) D.A. Sutton
- Subspecies:
macedonica
- Botanical name: - Linaria dalmatica macedonica (Griseb.) D.A. Sutton
- Subspecies:
macedonica
- Specific epithet:
dalmatica
- (Griseb.) D.A. Sutton
- Genus:
Linaria
(
- Tribe:
Antirrhineae
(
- Subfamily:
Antirrhinoideae
(
- Family:
Plantaginaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Linaria dalmatica var. macedonica (Griseb.) Vandas • Linaria macedonica Griseb.
Notes
Place of publication
: Gard. dict. ed. 8: Linaria no. 13. 1768
Name
verified on 22-Oct-1991 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last
updated: 26-Jul-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Linaria
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 33 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
L. aeruginea (Linaria) · L. alpina (Alpen-Leinkraut) · L. alpina alpina (Alpine Toadflax) · L. angustissima (Italian Toadflax) · L. bipartita (Clovenlip Toadflax) · L. bipartita linogrisea (Cloven-Lip Toadflax) · L. dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica macedonica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica subsp. macedonica (Dalmation Toadflax) · L. genistifolia (Broom-Leaf Toadflax) · L. incarnata (Crimson Toadflax) · L. maroccana (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Confetti' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Dwarf Fairy Bouquet Mix' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Fantasy' (Dwarf Baby Snapdragon) · L. nevadensis 'Gemstones' (Linaria) · L. nevadensis 'Grenada Sol' (Linaria) · L. pelisseriana (Pelissers Toadflax) · L. pinifolia (Pineneedle Toadflax) · L. pseudolaxiflora (Maltese Toadflax) · L. purpurea (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Alba' (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Canon J. Went' (Canon J. Went Perennial Toadflax) · L. repens (Pale Toadflax) · L. reticulata (Purple-Net Toadflax) · L. reticulata 'Flamenco' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. reticulata 'Flaming Passion' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. sepium (Toadflax) · L. spartea (Ballast Toadflax) · L. supina (Lesser Butter and Eggs) · L. triornithophora (Three Bird Toadflax) · L. vulgaris (Butter and Eggs)
More Info
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Further Reading
- Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. In J. O. Luken & J. W. Thieret, eds., Assessment and management of plant invasions. (Pl Invasion)
- Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. (F Turk)
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13) [= L. genistifolia subsp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm.].
- Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. (L US Can ed2) [with two varieties].
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. (F USSR) [mentions under L. genistifolia].
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3) [= L. genistifolia subsp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm.].
- Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia. (Noxweed Aust)
- Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia. (F Ital)
- Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. 1999. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act. (State Noxweed Seed)
- Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae. (Rev Antirrh) 320.
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur) [= L. genistifolia subsp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm.].
- Vujnovic, K. & R. W. Wein. 2005. The biology of Canadian weeds. 106. Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 77:483–491.
- Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 29, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8927907
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-524247
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13901151
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:954980-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 102284
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 524247
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDSCR110F2
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: LIDAM2
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 47353
Footnotes
- "Linaria". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 49. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
