Interesting Facts
Description
Family Menyanthaceae
Herbs perennial
[or annual
], aquatic
or nearly so. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple
or 3foliolate; stipules absent. Flowers (4 or) 5merous. Calyx lobes
free
or united
. Corolla lobes united, valvate
in bud. Stamens 5, free, alternate with petals. Ovary 1celled. Pollen grains
bilaterally compressed
, ± triquetrous
, with 3 apertures
. Ovary superior, 1celled. Fruit a dehiscent
or indehiscent capsule. Seeds few to many, sometimes winged
; endosperm abundant.
Five genera and about 60 species: worldwide in temperate
and tropics; two genera and seven species in China.
On the basis of differences in anatomy
, chemistry, and palynology, recent phylogenetic
accounts treat the Menyanthaceae as a separate family
from Gentianaceae. Recent molecular evidence (Olmstead et al.
Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 249-265. 1992; Downie & Palmer 79: 266-283. 1992) also supports
this conclusion. The Menyanthaceae have been placed in the Gentianales (Takhtajan, Flowering Pl. 230. 1969), Solanales (Cronquist, Evol. Class
. Flowering Pl., ed. 2, 420-425. 1988), or Campanulales (Thorne, Aliso 13: 365-389. 1992) .[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Menyanthaceae
()
- (Dumortier, 1827) Dumortier, 1829, nom. cons.
- bog beans
- Genus:
Limnanthemum
()
- Specific epithet:
capitatum
- (Nees) F.Muell.
- Botanical name: - Limnanthemum capitatum (Nees) F.Muell.
- Specific epithet:
capitatum
- (Nees) F.Muell.
- Genus:
Limnanthemum
(
- Family:
Menyanthaceae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author
: F.Muell. Publication
: Fragm. (Mueller) 1(2): 40
1858 [Jun 1858]
Basionym
author: (Nees)
Similar Species
Members of the genus Limnanthemum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
More Info
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Further Reading
- Ho Ting-nung. 1988. Gentianaceae [Menyanthoideae]. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 62: 411-418.
Notes
Contributors
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 10717537
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15626121
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:121211-3
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 121211-3
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1337286
Footnotes
- Ting-nung Ho & Robert Ornduff "Menyanthaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 140. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
