Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Chinese Privet
Description
Family Oleaceae
Trees
or erect
or scandent
shrubs
. Branches and branchlets
lenticellate
. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate or whorled
, simple
, trifoliolate
, or pinnately compound
, without stipules; venation
pinnate or palmate. Inflorescences terminal
or axillary
, in cymes, panicles, racemes
, umbels, or fascicles. Flowers actinomorphic
, bisexual
, rarely unisexual
or polygamous and plants
monoecious, dioecious, or polygamodioecious. Calyx 4(-16) -lobed or -parted, rarely absent. Corolla 4(-16) -lobed, sometimes almost free
to base
, rarely absent; lobes
sometimes united
in pairs at base or into a very short tube
. Stamens 2(-4), inserted
on corolla tube or hypogynous; anthers
dehiscing longitudinally; pollen 3-colpate or 3-colporate. Ovary superior, 2-loculed; ovules 2 in each locule, sometimes 1 or numerous
. Style 1 or absent; stigma 2-lobed or capitate. Fruit a drupe, berry, capsule, or samara. Seeds with straight embryo, with or without endosperm; radicle curved
upward or downward.
About 28 genera and over 400 species: tropical
, subtropical
, and temperate regions
of world, but mainly in Asia. China has 10 genera and 160 species (95 endemic) and is the center of diversity
for the genera Forsythia, Syringa, Osmanthus, and Ligustrum.
Many genera are important economically: Fraxinus and Forsythia (medicinal, ornamental
) ; Jasminum, Osmanthus, and Syringa (spice, ornamental) ; Olea (oil
) ; and Fraxinus (timber) .[1]
Genus Ligustrum
Shrubs
or small trees
, deciduous or evergreen
. Leaves opposite, simple
, short petiolate
; leaf blade
entire. Inflorescences terminal
panicles of cymes, rarely lateral
. Flowers bisexual
, sessile or pedicellate
. Calyx campanulate
, truncate
or 4-toothed, persistent
. Corolla white, rotate, funnelform
, or salverform
, 4-lobed; lobes
ca.
as long as or shorter than corolla tube
, valvate
in bud. Stamens 2, inserted
at mouth
of corolla tube, included
or exserted; anthers
yellow or sometimes purple, oblong
. Ovules 2 in each locule, pendulous. Style shorter than stamens; stigma 2-cleft. Fruit a berrylike drupe with membranous or papery
endocarp, rarely drupaceous
or loculicidal. Seeds 1-4; endosperm fleshy
; radicle short, upward.
About 45 species: Asia, Australia, Europe; 27 species in China. Ligustrum japonicum Thunberg and L. ovalifolium Hasskarl, native
to Japan and S Korea, are widely cultivated in China. No material
of L. matsudae Kanehira ex
Shimizu & Kao and L. seisuiense Shimizu & Kao, both described from Taiwan, has been seen.[2]
Physical Description
Habit: Evergreen .
Flowers: Bloom Period: January, February, March, April, May. • Flower Color: near white, white
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 8-10' tall.
Biology
Growth
Culture: Space 6-8' apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 4.5 • Maximum pH: .1
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Oleanae
(
)
- (Lindley, 1833) Takhtajan, 1997
- Order:
Lamiales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Oleaceae
(
)
- Hoffmannsegg & Link, 1813-1820
- olives
- Tribe:
Oleeae
(
)
- Subtribe:
Ligustrinae
(
)
- Genus:
Ligustrum
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Privet
- Specific epithet:
delavayanum
- Har.
- Botanical name: - Ligustrum delavayanum Har.
- Specific epithet:
delavayanum
- Har.
- Genus:
Ligustrum
(
- Subtribe:
Ligustrinae
(
- Tribe:
Oleeae
(
- Family:
Oleaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Oleanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Har. Publication : J. Bot. (Morot) 14: 172 (1900)
Similar Species
Members of the genus Ligustrum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 36 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
L. amurense (Amur North River Privet) · L. amurensis (Amur River Privet Hedge) · L. delavayanum (Chinese Privet) · L. japonica (Japanese Privet) · L. japonicum (Japanese Privet) · L. japonicum f. pubescens (Japanese Wax-Leaf Privet) · L. japonicum 'Variegatum' (Japanese Privet) · L. japonicum var. rotundifolium (Japanese Privet) · L. japonicum 'Jack Frost' (Jack Frost Privet) · L. japonicum 'Korean Choice' (Korean Choice Privet) · L. japonicum 'Nobilis' (Noble Privet) · L. japonicum 'Recurvifolium' (Curled-Leaf Privet) · L. japonicum 'Texanum' (Waxleaf Privet) · L. lucidum (Glossy Privet) · L. lucidum 'Davidson Hardy' (Glossy Privet) · L. obtusifolium (Border Privet) · L. obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc. var. regelianum (Koehne) Rehder 'Elite' (Border Privet) · L. ovalifolium (California Privet) · L. ovalifolium var. hisauchii (California Privet) · L. ovalifolium 'Aureum' (Golden Privet) · L. quihoui (Wax-Leaf Privet) · L. robustum (Sri Lankan Privet) · L. sempervirens (Ambulia) · L. sinense (Chinese Privet) · L. sinense 'Pendulum' (Chinese Privet) · L. sinense 'Variegata' (Variegated Chinese Privet) · L. sinense 'Variegatum' (Chinese Privet) · L. sinense 'Wimbei' (Chinese Privet) · L. suspensum (Weeping Golden Bell) · L. vulgare (Chinese Privet) · L. vulgare f. nanum (Common Privet) · L. vulgare 'Amur River' (Common Privet) · L. vulgare 'Cheyenne' (Cheyenne Privet) · L. vulgare 'Lodense' (Common Privet) · L. x vicaryi (Golden Ligustrum) · L. x 'Suwannee River' (Suwannee River Privet)
More Info
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Further Reading
- Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1901 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 94.
- Hand-list of Coniferae: grown in the Royal botanic gardens. London: Printed for H. M. Stationery off. by Darling & son, Ltd., 1903. url p. 549.
- Hand-list of trees and shrubs, excluding Coniferae, grown in Arboretum. LondonPrinted for H.M. Stationery Off., by Darling1902 url p. 549.
- Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 62.
- Chang Mei-chen, Miao Bo-mao, Lu Rui-ling, & Qiu Lian-qing in: Chang Mei-chen & Qiu Lian-qing, eds. 1992. Oleaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 1-222.
- Chang Mei-chen, Miao Bo-mao, Lu Rui-ling, & Qiu Lian-qing in: Chang Mei-chen & Qiu Lian-qing, eds. 1992. Oleaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 1-222.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5842328
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15657388
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:609974-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 609974-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 749970
Footnotes
- Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei & Peter S. Green "Oleaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 272. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Ligustrum". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 299. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
