Ligularia sibirica

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Senecioneae

The Senecioneae are a tribe of closely related genera that can be recognized most readily by the nature of the pappus and the involucral bracts or phyllaries. The phyllaries are basically in one well developed, often partially or wholly connate series of equal length that closely envelope the head . Frequently there are a few, very much smaller and mostly randomly distributed, often necrotic-tipped bracts near the base of the main series. The pappus is of fine, soft, often pure white capillary hairs . Heads may be either discoid or radiate . -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Ligularia

Perennials , 15-150+ cm (glabrous or scattered-hairy, especially distally [arachno-tomentose]; roots fibrous ). Stems usually 1, erect . Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate (petiole bases dilated , ± sheathing stems) ; blades (basal and proximal largest, cauline smaller distally) palmately [palmati-pinnately] nerved, orbiculate to reniform [elliptic , lanceolate, oblanceolate , ovate ], margins dentate [denticulate , serrate, dissected ], faces glabrous or sparsely pilosulous (mostly on nerves ) [glaucous; arachno-tomentose]. Heads radiate [discoid ], in corymbiform [racemiform or spiciform ] arrays. Calyculi 0 [1-2+ bractlets ]. Involucres cylindric to campanulate , [3-]16-28 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent , [5-]8-13+ in 1-2 series, erect, distinct (margins interlocking) [connate at bases], mostly oblong or lanceolate to linear , subequal , margins usually ± scarious (tips greenish or reddish, not blackened). Receptacles flat to convex , smooth , epaleate. Ray florets [0 or 1-7] 8-14+, pistillate , fertile ; corollas (laminae prominent , showy) orange to orange-yellow or brick-red [yellow]. Disc florets [5-]12-100+, bisexual , fertile; corollas orange-yellow to orange, becoming brownish [yellow], tubes longer than cylindric throats, lobes 5, recurved, lance-linear ; style branches: stigmatic areas continuous, apices truncate or rounded-truncate. Cypselae (stramineous to brownish) ± ellipsoid [cylindric or fusiform ], 5[-10]-ribbed or -nerved, glabrous; pappi persistent (fragile), of 40-100+, reddish [sordid , brownish, purplish], barbellate to barbellulate bristles ([shorter than] longer than cypselae). x = 30.

Species 125+: introduced ; temperate Eurasia .[1]

Physical Description

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 4-6' apart.

Soil: Prefers light, rich, moist organic soil. • Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: IPNI, Flora of China Checklist , Tropicos, Euro+Med. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:B7C1884B-7774-4F7B-83D7-5DE99F6E19E9

Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ligularia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 26 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

L. dentata (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Britt Marie Crawford' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Dark Beauty' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Desdemona' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Othello' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Sun Gold' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Woerlitzer Gold' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. fischeri (Ligularia) · L. hessei 'Gregynog Gold' (Big Leaf Golden Ray) · L. hessei 'Little Lantern' (Big Leaf Golden Ray) · L. hodgsonii (Ligularia) · L. macrophylla (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. palmatiloba (Ligularia) · L. przewalskii (Ragwort) · L. sachalinensis (Spotted Leopard Plant) · L. sibirica (Siberian Ligularia) · L. stenocephala (Leopard Plant) · L. stenocephala 'Little Rocket' (Leopard Plant) · L. tangutica (Chinese Ragwort) · L. tussilaginea (Green Leopard Plant) · L. tussilaginea 'Aureo-maculata' (Gold Spotted Leopard Plant) · L. tussilaginea 'Aureomaculata' (Leopard Plant) · L. veitchiana (Veitchs Ligularia) · L. wilsoniana (Giant Grounsel) · L. x palmatiloba (Groundsel) · L. 'Little Rocket' (Little Rocket Senecio)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A practical guide to garden plants, containing descriptions of the hardiest and most beautiful annuals and biennials, hardy herbaceous and bulbous perennials, hardy water and bog plants, flowering and ornamental trees and shrubs, conife London;Longmans, Green, 1901. url , p. 543.
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url p. 144, p. 62.
• An introduction to historical plant geography, by E. V. Wulff. .. authorized translation by Elizabeth Brissenden. Foreword by Elmer D. Merrill. Waltham, Mass., Chronica Botanica Co., 1943. url p. 150, p. 218.
• Botaniska notiser. Upsala: Wahlstro?m, 1857-c1980. url p. 168.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 120, p. 121, p. 456, p. 629.
• Checklists for the CORINE Biotopes Programme and its application in the PHARE countries of Central and East Europe: including comparisons with relevant conventions and agreements on the conservation of European species and habitats EC url p. 112, p. 3.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 26, p. 49.
• Cryptogamic plants of the USSR. (Flora sporovykh rastenii SSSR) Translated from Russian. Jerusalem[Published for the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 19 - url p. 414.
• Cultures of Uredineae 1899-1921. n.p., n.d. url p. 255, p. 324.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 881.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url , p. 764, p. 770, p. 775, p. 847.
• Forests and forestry of northern Russia and lands beyond / comp. by John Croumbie Brown. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd; [etc., etc.]1884- url p. 186.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 671.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 62.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 123.
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. url p. 511, p. 627.
• List of rare, threatened and endemic plants in Europe (1982 edition) Council of Europe url p. 175, p. 180, p. 184, p. 193, p. 224, p. 245, p. 261, p. 38.
• Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze Valley, China. Corvallis, Oregon State College[1958] url p. 410.
• Memoirs / Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Garden, 1918-1936. url p. 294.
• Plant sociology; the study of plant communities; authorized English translation of Pflanzensoziologie, by Dr. J. Braun-Blanquet. Translated, revised and edited by George D. Fuller and Henry S. Conard. New York and London, McGraw-Hill book company, inc., 1932. url p. 423.
• Protected Landscapes: experience around the world. Prepared for the International Symposium on Protected Landscapes, Grange-over-Sands, England 5-10 October 1987 IUCN url p. 52.
• The English flower garden and home grounds: design and arrangement followed by a description of the plants, shrubs and trees for the open-air garden and their culture / by W. Robinson. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1921. url p. 536.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 212.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 15, p. 38.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 23 1886-88 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 454.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. 3 1882 London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 350, p. 350.
• The flora of British India. London, L. Reeve & Co., 1875-97. url .
• The vegetation of the Siberian-Mongolian frontiers (the Sayansk region) [Trondhjem]K. Norske Videnskabers Selskab[1921] url , .
• Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society. Sapporo, Japan, Sapporo Natural History Society, Hokkaido Imperial University. url p. 138, p. 138, p. 155.
• Works on forestry [by] J.C. Brown. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd; [etc., etc.]1883-87. url p. 186.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain, Institut Botanic de Barcelona, BC
• Institute of Nature Conservation PAS, National System of Proetcted Areas
• University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU, Herbarium WU

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3445610
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-15135
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15172680
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:230851-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 749933

Footnotes

1. Theodore M. Barkley "Ligularia". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 540, 542, 613. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.