Ligularia dentata

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Senecioneae

The Senecioneae are a tribe of closely related genera that can be recognized most readily by the nature of the pappus and the involucral bracts or phyllaries. The phyllaries are basically in one well developed, often partially or wholly connate series of equal length that closely envelope the head . Frequently there are a few, very much smaller and mostly randomly distributed, often necrotic-tipped bracts near the base of the main series. The pappus is of fine, soft, often pure white capillary hairs . Heads may be either discoid or radiate . -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Ligularia

Perennials , 15-150+ cm (glabrous or scattered-hairy, especially distally [arachno-tomentose]; roots fibrous ). Stems usually 1, erect . Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate (petiole bases dilated , ± sheathing stems) ; blades (basal and proximal largest, cauline smaller distally) palmately [palmati-pinnately] nerved, orbiculate to reniform [elliptic , lanceolate, oblanceolate , ovate ], margins dentate [denticulate , serrate, dissected ], faces glabrous or sparsely pilosulous (mostly on nerves ) [glaucous; arachno-tomentose]. Heads radiate [discoid ], in corymbiform [racemiform or spiciform ] arrays. Calyculi 0 [1-2+ bractlets ]. Involucres cylindric to campanulate , [3-]16-28 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent , [5-]8-13+ in 1-2 series, erect, distinct (margins interlocking) [connate at bases], mostly oblong or lanceolate to linear , subequal , margins usually ± scarious (tips greenish or reddish, not blackened). Receptacles flat to convex , smooth , epaleate. Ray florets [0 or 1-7] 8-14+, pistillate , fertile ; corollas (laminae prominent , showy) orange to orange-yellow or brick-red [yellow]. Disc florets [5-]12-100+, bisexual , fertile; corollas orange-yellow to orange, becoming brownish [yellow], tubes longer than cylindric throats, lobes 5, recurved, lance-linear ; style branches: stigmatic areas continuous, apices truncate or rounded-truncate. Cypselae (stramineous to brownish) ± ellipsoid [cylindric or fusiform ], 5[-10]-ribbed or -nerved, glabrous; pappi persistent (fragile), of 40-100+, reddish [sordid , brownish, purplish], barbellate to barbellulate bristles ([shorter than] longer than cypselae). x = 30.

Species 125+: introduced ; temperate Eurasia .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings ; 10-50+ m ;[2].

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Soil: Prefers light, rich, moist organic soil. • Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Erythrochaete dentata A. Gray • Ligularia clivorum Maximowicz • n. s. 6: 395. 1858 • Senecio clivorum (Maximowicz) Maximowicz

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: SANBI, New Zealand Plant Name Database, Flora of Japan, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Flora of China Checklist, Tropicos, Euro+Med. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:0F648B0B-FD6A-4E26-A3B7-2486129B1ED2

Last scrutiny: 03-Nov-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ligularia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 26 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

L. dentata (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Britt Marie Crawford' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Dark Beauty' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Desdemona' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Othello' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Sun Gold' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. dentata 'Woerlitzer Gold' (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. fischeri (Ligularia) · L. hessei 'Gregynog Gold' (Big Leaf Golden Ray) · L. hessei 'Little Lantern' (Big Leaf Golden Ray) · L. hodgsonii (Ligularia) · L. macrophylla (Bigleaf Ligularia) · L. palmatiloba (Ligularia) · L. przewalskii (Ragwort) · L. sachalinensis (Spotted Leopard Plant) · L. sibirica (Siberian Ligularia) · L. stenocephala (Leopard Plant) · L. stenocephala 'Little Rocket' (Leopard Plant) · L. tangutica (Chinese Ragwort) · L. tussilaginea (Green Leopard Plant) · L. tussilaginea 'Aureo-maculata' (Gold Spotted Leopard Plant) · L. tussilaginea 'Aureomaculata' (Leopard Plant) · L. veitchiana (Veitchs Ligularia) · L. wilsoniana (Giant Grounsel) · L. x palmatiloba (Groundsel) · L. 'Little Rocket' (Little Rocket Senecio)

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 33, p. 48.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 879, p. 881.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 12, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3445605
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-1713
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:230729-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 401728
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST8H0S0
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 168699

Footnotes

1. Theodore M. Barkley "Ligularia". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 540, 542, 613. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Ligularia dentata". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 613,614. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.