Lepidium latifolium (Broad-Leaf Pepper-Grass)

Overview

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Perennial pepperweed. <em>Lepidium latifolium</em>

Interesting Facts

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The seeds are used in Gansu and N Shaanxi for medicine. [source]

Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Chinese:

Kuan Ye Du Xing Cai

Common Names in English:

Broad-Leaf Pepper-Grass, Broad-Leaf Peppergrass, Broad-Leaf Pepperweed, Broad-Leaf Pepperwort, Broad-Leaved Pepper-Grass, Broad-Leaved Pepperweed, Broadleaf Pepperweed, Broadleaved Peppergrass, Broadleaved Pepperweed, Dittander Lepidium Latifolium, Peppergrass, Peppergrass Mustard, Perennial Pepper-Grass (Canada), Perennial Peppercress, Perennial Peppergrass, Perennial Pepperweed, Perennial Pepperwort, Tall Whitetop, Virginia Pepperweed

Common Names in French:

Grande Passerage, Lépidie à Feuilles Larges (Canada)

Common Names in German:

Breitblättrige Kresse

Common Names in Italian:

Lepidio Latifoglio

Common Names in Portuguese:

Erva-Pimenteira, Mostarda-Perene

Common Names in Spanish:

Lepidio, Mastuerzo Montesino, Piperisa

Description

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Genus Lepidium

Herbs annual , biennial, or perennial , sometimes subshrubs , rarely shrubs or climbers . Trichomes absent or simple . Stems erect or ascending , sometimes creeping , simple or branched basally and/or apically. Basal leaves rosulate or not, simple, entire or pinnately dissected . Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile, base cuneate, attenuate, auriculate , sagittate , or amplexicaul , margin entire, dentate , or dissected. Racemes ebracteate , corymbose , elongated or not in fruit. Fruiting pedicels terete , flattened, or winged , erect or divaricate . Sepals ovate or oblong , rarely orbicular , base of lateral pair not saccate . Petals white, yellow, or pink, erect or spreading , sometimes rudimentary or absent; blade obovate , spatulate , oblong, oblanceolate , orbicular, linear , or filiform , apex obtuse , rounded , or emarginate ; claw absent or distinct . Stamens 2 and median , sometimes 6 and tetradynamous or subequal in length , rarely 4 and all median or 2 median and 2 lateral; anthers ovate or oblong. Nectar glands 4 or 6, distinct; median glands always present. Ovules 2 per ovary; placentation apical. Fruit dehiscent silicles , oblong, ovate, obovate, cordate, obcordate , elliptic , or orbicular, strongly angustiseptate; valves veinless or prominently veined, keeled or not, apically winged or wingless; replum rounded; septum complete or perforated, membranous; style absent, obsolete , or distinct, included or exserted from apical notch of fruit; stigma capitate, entire or rarely 2-lobed. Seeds 1 per locule, winged, margined , or wingless, oblong or ovate, plump or flattened; seed coat smooth , minutely reticulate , or papillate , usually copiously mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent , rarely accumbent or diplecolobal.

About 180 species: all continents except Antarctica; 16 species (two endemic, two introduced ) in China.[1]

Physical Description

Species Lepidium latifolium

Herbs perennial , (20-) 35-120(-150) cm tall. Stems erect , many branched above, slightly woody at base , glabrous or pubescent , often glaucous. Leaves leathery; petiole of basal and lower cauline leaves 1-7(-11) cm; leaf blade elliptic-ovate or oblong , (2-) 3.5-15(-25) × (0.5-) 1.5-5(-8) cm, glabrous or pubescent with usually curved trichomes , base attenuate, margin usually serrate, apex obtuse to subacute . Upper cauline leaves subsessile or sessile; leaf blade elliptic-ovate, oblong, or lanceolate, 1-9 × 0.3-4.5 cm, base cuneate, not auriculate , margin serrate or entire, apex acute. Infructescence paniculate , ultimate branches subcapitate . Fruiting pedicels slender, 2-5(-6) mm, glabrous or rarely pubescent. Sepals deciduous, oblong or suborbicular , 1-1.4 × 0.8-0.9 mm, glabrous or pubescent, white at margin and apex. Petals white, obovate , 1.8-2.5 × (0.8-) 1-1.3 mm, apex rounded ; claw 0.7-1 mm. Stamens 6; filaments 0.9-1.4 mm; anthers ovate , 0.4-0.5 mm. Fruit oblong-elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or suborbicular, (1.6-) 1.8-2.4(-2.7) × 1.3-1.8 mm, pubescent or glabrous, not carinate , wingless, base rounded; apical notch absent or obsolete ; style obsolete. Seeds light brown, oblong-ovate, (0.8-) 1-1.3 × 0.7-0.9 mm, compressed , wingless, finely papillate ; cotyledons incumbent . Fl. May-Sep, fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 24. [source]

The above first record from Sichuan is based on Martin s.n., 30 May 1890 (LE). Forms with subsessile leaves and pubescent fruit are recognized as Lepidium latifolium subsp. or var. latifolium, whereas those with sessile leaves and glabrous fruit have variously been recognized as L. affine, L. latifolium var. affine, and L. latifolium subsp. sibiricum. However, such distinction is artificial, as plants with glabrous and pubescent fruit are often found in the same population. [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: near white, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 36-48" tall.

Habitat

Fields , roadsides, slopes , saline meadows; 100-4300 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,271 meters (0 to 17,293 feet).[3]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
        Subclass: Rosidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Ranunculanae () - Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
        Order: Brassicales () - Bromhead, 1838
        Family: Cruciferae () - A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
        Tribe: Lepidieae ()
        Genus: Lepidium () - C. Linnaeus, 1753 - Pepperweed
        Specific epithet: latifolium - L.
        Botanical name: - Lepidium latifolium L.

Synonyms

Cardaria draba chalapensis (L.) O. E. Schulz • Cardaria draba var. repens (Schrenk) O. E. Schulz • L. latifolium affine (Ledebour) Kitagawa • L. latifolium sibiricum Thellung • L. latifolium var. affine (Ledebour) C. A. Meyer • L. sibiricum Schweigger (1812) • Lepidium affine Ledebour • Lepidium lasiocarpum latifolium L. • Lepidium repens (Schrenk) Boiss.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2009

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Lepidium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 142 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

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The Magazine of natural history / conducted by Edward Charlesworth. [S.l.: s.n.], url p. 126.
The Phytologist: a botanical journal. London, William Pamplin, 1855-1863. url p. 138, p. 140, p. 219, p. 253, p. 334, p. 366, p. 390, p. 403, p. 491, p. 494, p. 615.
The Phytologist: a popular botanical miscellany. London, John van Voorst, 1844-56. url p. 1001, p. 165, p. 248, p. 780, p. 825.
The Victoria history of Berkshire. edited by P.H. Ditchfield and William Page. [LondonConstable]1906-1923 url p. 31.
The Victoria history of the county of Kent; ed. by William Page. London, Constable, 1908- url p. 52.
The anthropology of Iraq. The Upper Euphrates / by Henry Field, Curator of Physical Anthropology. Chicago:Field Museum, 1940 url p. 179, p. 192.
The botanical looker-out among the wild flowers of England and Wales, at all seasons, and in the most interesting localities. By Edwin Lees. .. London, Hamilton, Adams & Co., 1851. url p. 221.
The botany of the Eastern Borders: with the popular names and uses of the plants, and of the customs and beliefs which have been associated with them / by George Johnston. London: J. Van Voorst, 1853. url p. 322, p. 36.
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Notes

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Contributors

Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

Australian National Herbarium
, Australian National Herbarium
Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
European Environment Agency, EUNIS
GBIF-Spain, Aranzadi Zientzi Elkartea
GBIF-Spain, CIBIO, Alicante:ABH-GBIF
GBIF-Spain, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación de la Junta de Extremadura(DGIDTI): HSS
GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
, Vascular Plant Herbarium
GBIF-Spain, Univ. Herbarium SALAMANCA: SALA
GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO
GBIF-Spain, Universidad del País Vasco/EHU, Bilbao: Herbario BIO
GBIF-Spain, Universitat de Girona: HGI-Cormophyta
Herbario SANT, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, SANT herbarium vascular plant collection
Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Herbarium of Oskarshamn
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Lund Botanical Museum
The Swedish Museum of Natural History
, Plants
UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
Utah Valley State College
, Utah Valley State College Herbarium
inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn, inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667781
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Mus-2598
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 3027485
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286262-1
GRIN Nomen Number: 21765
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 503379
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBRA1M0J0
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: LELA2
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 27861

Footnotes

"Lepidium". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 28. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
"Lepidium latifolium". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 30. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 229.730 meters (753.707 feet), Standard Deviation = 481.650 based on 2,063 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Lepidium latifolium

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Lepidium

Physical Description

Species Lepidium latifolium

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Reproduction

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Lepidium

More Info

Further Reading

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Identifiers

Footnotes