Common Names
Common Names in English:
Jasmine (China), Winter Jasmine
Description
Family Oleaceae
Trees
or erect
or scandent
shrubs
. Branches and branchlets
lenticellate
. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate or whorled
, simple
, trifoliolate
, or pinnately compound
, without stipules; venation
pinnate or palmate. Inflorescences terminal
or axillary
, in cymes, panicles, racemes
, umbels, or fascicles. Flowers actinomorphic
, bisexual
, rarely unisexual
or polygamous and plants
monoecious, dioecious, or polygamodioecious. Calyx 4(-16) -lobed or -parted, rarely absent. Corolla 4(-16) -lobed, sometimes almost free
to base
, rarely absent; lobes
sometimes united
in pairs at base or into a very short tube
. Stamens 2(-4), inserted
on corolla tube or hypogynous; anthers
dehiscing longitudinally; pollen 3-colpate or 3-colporate. Ovary superior, 2-loculed; ovules 2 in each locule, sometimes 1 or numerous
. Style
1 or absent; stigma 2-lobed or capitate. Fruit a drupe, berry, capsule, or samara. Seeds with straight embryo, with or without endosperm; radicle curved
upward or downward.
About 28 genera and over 400 species: tropical
, subtropical
, and temperate regions
of world, but mainly in Asia. China has 10 genera and 160 species (95 endemic) and is the center of diversity
for the genera Forsythia, Syringa, Osmanthus, and Ligustrum.
Many genera are important economically: Fraxinus and Forsythia (medicinal, ornamental
) ; Jasminum, Osmanthus, and Syringa (spice, ornamental) ; Olea (oil
) ; and Fraxinus (timber) .Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei & Peter S. Green "Oleaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 272. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Genus Jasminum
Trees
or erect
or scandent
shrubs
, evergreen
or deciduous. Branchlets
terete
or angular and grooved
. Leaves opposite or alternate, rarely whorled
, simple
, 3-foliolate, or odd-pinnate; petiole
usually articulated. Inflorescences basically cymose
, in panicles, racemes
, corymbs, umbels, or heads
; bracts subulate
or linear
, sometimes leafy. Flowers bisexual
, usually heterostylous, usually fragrant. Calyx campanulate
, cupular, or funnelform
, 4-16-lobed. Corolla white or yellow, rarely red or purple, salverform
or funnelform; lobes
4-16, imbricate in bud, sometimes doubled in cultivation. Stamens 2, included
, inserted
about middle
of corolla tube
; filaments
short; anthers
dorsifixed
, introrse
. Ovules 1 or 2 in each locule. Style
filiform
; stigma capitate or 2-lobed. Fruit a berry, didymous
or one half aborted. Seeds without endosperm; radicle downward.
More than 200 species: Africa, Asia, Australia, South Pacific Islands, one species in the Mediterranean region; 43 species in China."Jasminum". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 307. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Physical Description
Species Jasminum nudiflorum
Shrubs erect , creeping or forming an intricate cushion , deciduous, 0.3-5 m. Branchlets 4-angled, somewhat narrowly winged , glabrous . Leaves opposite, 3-foliolate or often simple at base of branchlets; petiole 3-10 mm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate or elliptic , sometimes suborbicular , 0.7-2.2 cm × 4-13 mm; leaflet blade ovate to elliptic, rarely obovate , base cuneate, apex acute or obtuse , mucronulate , veins obscure , terminal one sessile or basally decurrent into a short petiolule , 1-3 × 0.3-1.1 cm, lateral ones sessile, 0.6-2.3 cm × 2-11 mm. Flowers solitary, axillary or rarely terminal; bracts ovate to lanceolate, leafy, 3-8 mm. Pedicel 2-3 mm. Calyx green; lobes 5 or 6, narrowly lanceolate, somewhat leafy, 4-6 mm. Corolla yellow, 2-2.5 cm in diam.; tube 0.8-2 cm; lobes 5 or 6, oblong or elliptic, 0.8-1.3 cm. Berry ovoid or ellipsoid , ca. 6 × 3-4 mm. [source]
Habit: Deciduous, spreading , mounded mass of trailing branches.
Flowers: Yellow-red buds open to yellow flowers in March. • Bloom Period: January, February, October, November, December. • Flower Conspicuous: Star-shaped
Size/Age/Growth
Growth Rate: Moderate to fast. • Size: Unsupported, to 4 ft . tall, 7 ft. wide; to 15 ft. tall trained on a trellis or wall.
Landscaping
Care: Follow a regular watering schedule during the first growing season to establish a deep, extensive root system. As a ground cover, space plants 5 ft . apart, (closer for faster coverage). Control weeds with mulch until the plants cover the area.
Habitat
Thickets, ravines
, slopes
; 800-4500 m.
(Ref. 101504).
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,028 meters (0 to 13,215 feet).Mean = 308.430 meters (1,011.909 feet), Standard Deviation = 899.470 based on 67 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 8-10' apart.
Soil: Needs good drainage . Drought tolerant .
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun for good flowering. Tolerates shade.
Moisture: Water Requirements: Water regularly, when top 3 in. of soil is dry.
Temperature: Heat Zones: High: 9 (>120 to 150 days) Low:1 (< 1 days) (map) • Cold Hardiness: 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Oleanae
(
)
- (Lindley, 1833) Takhtajan, 1997
- Order:
Oleales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Oleaceae
(
)
- Hoffmannsegg & Link, 1813-1820
- Olive Family
- Subfamily:
Jasminoideae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Jasminoideae
(
- Family:
Oleaceae
(
- Order:
Oleales
(
- Superorder:
Oleanae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: J. Hort. Soc. London 1:153. 1846
Name verified on 24-May-1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-May-1997
Similar Species
Members of the genus Jasminum
There are approximately 680 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
J. stephanense · J. absimile · J. abyssinicum · J. aculeatum · J. acuminatissimum · J. acuminatum · J. adenophyllum (Bluegrape Jasmine) · J. adiantifolium · J. aemulum (Malulee) · J. aemulum f. aemulum · J. aemulum f. interstans · J. aemulum forma aemulum · J. aemulum forma interstans · J. aemulum var. aemulum · J. aemulum var. brassii · J. aemulum var. genuinum · J. aemulum var. glaberrimum · J. affine · J. affine 'Inverleith' · J. afu · J. agastyamalayanum · J. albicalyx · J. albidum · J. aldabrarum · J. aldabrense · J. alongense · J. amabile · J. ambiguum · J. amboinense · J. amoenum · J. amplexicaule · J. anastomosans · J. andamanicum · J. angolense · J. angulare (South African Jasmine) · J. angulare 'Anne Shelton' · J. angustifolium · J. angustifolium var. hirsutum · J. angustifolium var. sessiliflorum · J. angustilobium · J. angustitubum · J. anisophyllum · J. annamense · J. annamense glabrescens · J. annamense kerrii · J. annamense subsp. glabrescens · J. annamense subsp. kerrii · J. anodontum · J. aphanodon · J. apoense · J. arborescens · J. arboreum · J. arenarium · J. argyi · J. aristatum · J. artense · J. asphanodon · J. attenuatum · J. augeronii · J. aureum · J. auriculatum · J. australe · J. azoricum var. bahiense · J. azoricum var. travancorense · J. bahiense · J. bakeri · J. balakrishnanii · J. banlanense · J. barrelieri · J. basilei · J. batanensis · J. beesianum (Beesianum Jasmine) · J. beesianum 'Ruby' · J. bequaertii · J. betchei · J. bicorollatum · J. bidwillii · J. bieleri · J. bifarium · J. biflorum · J. bignoniaceum · J. bignoniaceum subsp. zeylanicum · J. bignoniaceum zeylanicum · J. blancoi · J. blandum · J. blinii · J. bodinieri · J. bogosense · J. brachyscyphum · J. bracteatum · J. brevidentatum · J. breviflorum · J. brevilobum · J. brevipes · J. brevipetiolatum · J. brieyi · J. buchananii · J. bukobense · J. burmannianum · J. bussei
Bibliography
- Carolus, H. (1980e): Ölbaum-Verwandte - Palmengarten (Frankfurt) 44(2), pp. 105-107
- Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959–. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
- Green, P. S. 1965. Studies in the genus Jasminum III: the species in North America. Baileya 13:153.
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR. (F USSR)
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur)
- Walters, S. M. et al., eds. 1986–. European garden flora. (Eur Gard F)
- Chang Mei-chen, Miao Bo-mao, Lu Rui-ling, & Qiu Lian-qing in: Chang Mei-chen & Qiu Lian-qing, eds. 1992. Oleaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 1-222.
- Chang Mei-chen, Miao Bo-mao, Lu Rui-ling, & Qiu Lian-qing in: Chang Mei-chen & Qiu Lian-qing, eds. 1992. Oleaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 61: 1-222.
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Notes
Contributors
- "Jasminum nudiflorum". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 311. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 8 providers.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667662
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-503237
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13759898
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:609662-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 20666
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 503237
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 609662-1
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDOLE060B0
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: JANU
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 44739
