Description
Family Bignoniaceae
Trees
, shrubs
, or vines
, climbers
rarely herbs. Leaves opposite, alternate, or whorled
, simple
or pinnately compound
, rarely palmately compound
, without stipules, climbers usually with tendrils
modified sometimes into hooks or suckers
. Inflorescences cymose
, paniculate
, or racemose, terminal
or axillary
, rarely flowers borne on old stems; bracts and bractlets
present, sometimes deciduous. Flowers bisexual
, zygomorphic, usually large. Calyx campanulate
or tubular
, truncate
, 2-5-dentate, or glandular
subulate-dentate. Corolla campanulate or funnelform
, usually bilabiate; lobes
5, imbricate or valvate
. Fertile
stamens 4 (didynamous
) and staminode 1, or 2 and staminodes 3, rarely all 5 stamens fertile. Disc fleshy
. Ovary superior, 2-locular, rarely 1- or 4-locular; placentation axile
or parietal
; ovules numerous
. Style
filiform
; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule dehiscing loculicidally or septicidally, rarely fruit fleshy and indehiscent. Seeds numerous, usually winged
or with tufts of hairs
at both ends; endosperm absent.
About 116-120 genera and 650-750 species: mostly in tropical
and subtropical
regions; 12 genera and 35 species (21 endemic) in China.
Plants
of the Bignoniaceae usually produce
large flowers, and many species are widely cultivated in China as ornamentals
. These include Arrabidaea magnifica Sprague ex
Steenis, Campsis radicans (Linnaeus) Seemann, Catalpa speciosa (Warder ex Barney) Engelmann, Clytostoma callistegioides (Chamisso) Bureau & Schumann, Crescentia alata Kunth, C.
cujete Linnaeus, Jacaranda cuspidifolia Martius, J. mimosifolia D. Don, Kigelia africana (Lamarck) Bentham, Macfadyena unguis-cati (Linnaeus) A. H. Gentry, Pandorea jasminoides (Linnaeus) Schumann, Parmetiera cerifera Seemann, Podranea ricasoliana (Tanfani) Sprague, Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler) Miers, Spathodea campanulata Beauvois, Stenolobium stans (Linnaeus) Seemann, Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacquin) G. Nicholson, T. rosea (Bertoloni) de Candolle, and Tecomaria capensis (Thunberg) Spach.Zhi-Yun Zhang & Thawatchai Santisuk "Bignoniaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 213. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Genus Jacaranda
Deciduous trees
. Leaves 2-pinnate, with many leaflets
. Flowers in terminal
or axillary
panicles, showy, blue to violet. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla campanulate
, 2-lipped, 5-lobed; lobes
subequal
, spreading
, obtuse
. Stamens 4; staminode present. Capsule suborbicular
, compressed
, dehiscing by 2 woody valves
. Seeds winged
.
50 species. Native
to S. & C.
America and West Indies."Jacaranda". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Scrophulariales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Bignoniaceae
(
)
- Durande, 1782, Nom. Cons.
- Trumpet-Creeper Family
- Family:
Bignoniaceae
(
- Order:
Scrophulariales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Vattimo Publication : Rodriguésia 36: 82, fig 1985 (1984)
Similar Species
Members of the genus Jacaranda
There are approximately 144 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
J. abbottii · J. alagoensis · J. alba · J. amazonensis · J. arborea · J. arrabidae · J. arvensis · J. atrolilacina · J. atropurpurea · J. bahamensis · J. bahiensis · J. bracteata · J. brasiliana · J. bullata · J. caerulea · J. campinae · J. carajasensis · J. caroba · J. caroba var. oxyphylla · J. caroliniana · J. caucana · J. caucana glabrata · J. caucana sandwithiana · J. caucana subsp. calycina · J. caucana subsp. glabrata · J. caucana subsp. sandwithiana · J. cauliflora · J. chapadensis · J. chelonia · J. clausseniana · J. coerulea · J. copaia · J. copaia spectabilis · J. copaia subsp. spectabilis · J. copaia var. paraensis · J. copaia var. spectabilis · J. corcovadensis · J. cowellii · J. crassifolia · J. crystallana · J. cuiralis · J. curialis · J. cuspidifolia · J. cuspidifolia var. calycina · J. decurrens (Ground Jacaranda) · J. decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata · J. decurrens symmetrifoliolata · J. decurrens var. glabrata · J. densicoma · J. digitaliflora · J. digitaliflora var. albiflora · J. duckei · J. echinata · J. egleri · J. ekmanii · J. elegans · J. elliptica · J. endotricha · J. filicifolia · J. filicifolia var. puberula · J. glabra · J. gloxiniaeflora · J. gloxiniiflora · J. goiasensis · J. gomesiana · J. grandifoliolata · J. gualanday · J. hebephora · J. hesperia · J. heterophylla · J. heteroptila · J. hirsuta · J. intermedia · J. intricata · J. irwinii · J. jasminoides (Maroon Jacaranda) · J. lancifolia · J. lasiogyne · J. lilacina · J. longiflora · J. macrantha · J. macrocarpa · J. mendoncaei · J. micrantha · J. microcalyx · J. mimosifolia (Bignonia) · J. montana · J. morii · J. mutabilis · J. mutabilis f. integra · J. mutabilis f. subcoaetanea · J. mutabilis var. angustiflora · J. mutabilis var. genuina · J. mutabilis var. parvifolia · J. nitida · J. obovata · J. obtusifolia · J. obtusifolia rhombifolia · J. obtusifolia subsp. rhombifolia · J. obtusifolia var. rhombifolia
Bibliography
- Tao Deding & Yin Wenqing. 1990. Bignoniaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 1-62.
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed November 1, 2006.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8552498
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904420-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 278980-2
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 992329
