Ipomoea wrightii

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Description

Family Convolvulaceae

Herbs or shrubs , usually with twining or climbing stems or erect , often with milky juice. Leaves alternate, simple , entire, dissected , or compound , absent in parasitic species. Flowers solitary, axillary or in cymes, racemes , panicles, umbels, or capitula, bisexual , actinomorphic , usually 5-merous, often showy. Sepals free , often persistent , sometimes enlarged in fruit. Corolla sympetalous , funnelform , campanulate , salverform , or urceolate ; limb subentire or deeply lobed . Stamens alternating with corolla lobes , adnate to corolla; filaments filiform , equal or unequal in length ; anthers introrse , laterally and longitudinally dehiscing; pollen smooth or finely spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Ovary superior, mostly 2-carpellate, 1- or 2-loculed, rarely 3- or 4-loculed; ovules basal, erect. Styles 1 or 2, terminal (gynobasic in Dichondra) or very short or absent; stigma entire or 2- (or 3) -lobed, rarely peltate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , circumscissile, or irregularly shattering, less often a berry or nutlike. Seeds usually trigonous , smooth or pubescent .

About 58 genera and 1650 species: widely distributed in tropical , subtropical , and temperate regions ; 20 genera and 129 species in China.

Aniseia biflora (Linnaeus) Choisy and A. stenantha (Dunn) Ling, recognized in the Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin., are here treated as Ipomoea biflora and I. fimbriosepala, respectively, because both have pantoporate and spinulose pollen. Strictly speaking, Aniseia is a neotropical genus of about five species, of which A. martinicensis (Jacquin) Choisy is widely naturalized as a common weed in rice paddies in Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. It will probably be found in S China eventually.

The family is important in China for food plants (Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck and I. aquatica Forsskål), several ornamentals (Ipomoea), several medicinal plants (Erycibe, Ipomoea, Cuscuta, Merremia, Dichondra, Evolvulus), and numerous noxious weeds (Cuscuta, Calystegia, Convolvulus) .

Pollen aperture type and surface ornamentation are important characters in the classification of Convolvulaceae at the generic level and above. The most critical feature of the pollen is whether the grain surface is spiny or not. This distinction separates the eight tribes recognized by Austin (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 306-412. 1973) into two rather cohesive groups. A low magnification (20 ) is adequate for discerning the presence or absence of minute spines on the surface.

For the successful identification of Convolvulaceae, both flowering and fruiting material should be collected. The first key to genera requires adequate fertile material with both flowers and fruit, and requires use of a pollen character. The second key may be used as an aid to identification where material is lacking flowers or fruit, but in some instances it is still partially dependent upon having both flowers and fruit.[1]

Genus Ipomoea

Herbs or shrubs , often twining , sometimes prostrate , erect , or floating. Leaves petiolate , entire, lobed , or divided . Inflorescences mostly axillary , cymose , 1- to many flowered, rarely paniculate ; bracts various. Flowers small to large. Sepals persistent , equal to unequal, ± enlarged in fruit. Corolla variously colored , rarely yellow, funnelform , campanulate , or salverform ; limb 5-lobed to entire, midpetaline bands well defined. Stamens included or exserted; filaments filiform , usually unequal, dilated and pubescent basally; anthers ovate or linear , longitudinally dehiscent , not twisted; pollen globular, pantoporate , finely spiny . Disc ringlike. Ovary 2-4-loculed, 4- or 6-ovuled. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, or 2- or 3-globulose. Capsule globose or ovoid , 4- or 6-valved. Seeds 4(-6) or fewer, glabrous or pubescent.

Approximately 500 species: widely distributed in tropical to warm temperate regions , especially of North and South America; 29 species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,309 meters (0 to 4,295 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Ipomoea heptaphylla (Rottb. & Willd.) Voigt
2. Ipomoea pulchella Roth
3. Ipomoea spiralis House

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000.

Place of publication : Syn. fl. N. Amer. 2(1):213. 1878

Name verified on 30-Oct-1990 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 21-Jul-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ipomoea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1572 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

I. abrupta (Bush Yam) · I. abscissa · I. abutilodes · I. abutilodes var. hartwegiana · I. abutilodes var. kunthiana · I. abutiloides · I. abyssinica · I. acanthocarpa · I. acaponetensis · I. acetosaefolia · I. acetosaefolia var. longifolia · I. acetosellaefolia · I. acetosellifolia · I. acetosifolia · I. aculeata · I. aculeata var. heterophylla · I. acuminata · I. acuminata 'Blue Dawn' (Blue Dawn Morning Glory) · I. acutangula · I. acutiflora · I. acutisepala · I. adenioides (Trumpet Flower Morning Glory) · I. adumbrata · I. aegopoda · I. aegyptia · I. aequisepala · I. affinis · I. afra · I. afzelii · I. aitoni · I. aitonii · I. 'Akatsuki no Hikari' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Akatsuki No Murasaki' · I. alata · I. alatipes · I. alba (Tropical White Morning-Glory) · I. alba 'Giant White' · I. alba 'Meekerii' (Moonflower) · I. albidiflora · I. albiflora · I. albivenia (Wild Cotton) · I. alexandrae · I. alpina · I. alterniflora · I. althoffiana · I. altissima · I. alulata · I. amambayensis · I. ambigua · I. amnicola (Red-Center Morning-Glory) · I. amoena · I. amoenula · I. ampamana · I. amparoana · I. ampelopsifolia · I. amplexicaulis · I. ampliata · I. ampullacea (Ipomoea) · I. anceps · I. ancisa · I. andersonii (Morning Glory) · I. andongensis · I. androyensis · I. anemophoba · I. angularis · I. angulata · I. angulata var. gnidoides · I. angulata var. latifolia · I. angulata var. linearis · I. angustata · I. angustifolia · I. angustisecta · I. angustisepala · I. anisomeres · I. anisomeres var. sagittiformis · I. antillana · I. antonschmidii · I. aphylla · I. apiculata · I. aprica · I. aquatica (White-Flowering Kangkong) · I. arachnoidea · I. arachnosperma (Ipomoea) · I. arborea · I. arborescens (Tree Morning Glory) · I. arborescens var. pachylutea · I. arenaria · I. arenicola · I. argentaurata · I. argentea · I. argentifolia · I. argentina · I. argentinensis · I. argentinica · I. argillicola (Ipomoea) · I. argyreia · I. argyreioides · I. argyrophylla · I. aristolochiaefolia · I. aristolochiifolia

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Further Reading

• Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences, 1879- ENG url p. 234.
• Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. (F Tex)
• Harling, G. & B. Sparre, eds. 1973–. Flora of Ecuador. (F Ecuador)
• Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell. 1982. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis. (F PR)
• Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943–1980. Flora of Panama. (F Panama)
• Fang Rhui-cheng & Huang Shu-hua in Wu Cheng-yih, ed. 1979. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(1): 1-153.

Notes

Contributors

• African Regional Workshop (Conservation and Sustainable Management of Trees, Zimbabwe) 1998. Pericopsis elata. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Barneby RC & Forero E, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Barneby RC & Grimes JW (Monograph 1996/97), 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
• Barneby RC and Forero E, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Behnke Nurseries, Potomac MD USA
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/]. Access date: Nov 23, 2005
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 21, 2007.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed September 17, 2007.
• Carr, Gerald
• Chappill J, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• Computer Aided Identification of Phlebotomine sandflies of AmericasJan 2, 1997.
• Cristofolini G, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• Fantz PR, 1999 (from ILDIS).
• Fautin, Daphne G. (from Hexacorallians of the World).
• Fortunato RH, 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• Hexacorallians of the World 2001.
• Heyn CC & Heller D 1991/1993 (from ILDIS).
• Heyn CC and Heller D 1991/1993 (from ILDIS).
• Home of the Xylariaceae 2006.
• Hopkins HF, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
• ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 10, Nov 2005
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist 2005.
• Kirk P.M., 14-Sep-2005 (from Species Fungorum, Sep 2006).
• LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
• Lewis GP, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
• Marlin, Bruce. CirrusImage.com.
• Newell CA, 1997 (from ILDIS).
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• Nielsen IC and Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS World Database of Legumes).
• Ocean Biogeographic Information System. Accessed March 01, 2006. www.iobis.org
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• Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
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• Rhytismatales database 2006.
• Ross JH, 2001-01 (from ILDIS).
• Schrire BD, 1994-10 (from ILDIS).
• Sokoloff DD, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
• Stirton CH, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• Thomson, Christian (from Diptera).
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)
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Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:

• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2653837
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-30806
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13745793
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:270090-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 313257
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 30806
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCON0A1T0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: IPHE4
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 44203

Footnotes

1. Ruizheng Fang & George Staples "Convolvulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 271. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Clifton E. Nauman "Ipomoea". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 301. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 63.670 meters (208.891 feet), Standard Deviation = 325.570 based on 73 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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