Ipomoea coccinea (Mexican Morning Glory)

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Common Names in English:

Mexican Morning Glory, Mexican Morningglory, Orange Morning Glory, Red Morning Glory, Red Morning-Glory, Red Morningglory, Redstar, Scarlet Creeper, Scarlet Morning Glory, Scarlet Morningglory, Scarlet Morninglory, Scarlet Star Glory, Scarlet-Creeper, Small Red Morning Glory, Star Ipomoea, Starglory, Wooly Tidestromia

Description

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Family Convolvulaceae

Herbs or shrubs , usually with twining or climbing stems or erect , often with milky juice. Leaves alternate, simple , entire, dissected , or compound , absent in parasitic species. Flowers solitary, axillary or in cymes, racemes , panicles, umbels, or capitula, bisexual , actinomorphic , usually 5-merous, often showy. Sepals free , often persistent , sometimes enlarged in fruit. Corolla sympetalous , funnelform , campanulate , salverform , or urceolate ; limb subentire or deeply lobed . Stamens alternating with corolla lobes , adnate to corolla; filaments filiform , equal or unequal in length ; anthers introrse , laterally and longitudinally dehiscing; pollen smooth or finely spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Ovary superior, mostly 2-carpellate, 1- or 2-loculed, rarely 3- or 4-loculed; ovules basal, erect. Styles 1 or 2, terminal (gynobasic in Dichondra) or very short or absent; stigma entire or 2- (or 3) -lobed, rarely peltate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , circumscissile, or irregularly shattering, less often a berry or nutlike. Seeds usually trigonous , smooth or pubescent .

About 58 genera and 1650 species: widely distributed in tropical , subtropical , and temperate regions ; 20 genera and 129 species in China.

Aniseia biflora (Linnaeus) Choisy and A. stenantha (Dunn) Ling, recognized in the Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin., are here treated as Ipomoea biflora and I. fimbriosepala, respectively, because both have pantoporate and spinulose pollen. Strictly speaking, Aniseia is a neotropical genus of about five species, of which A. martinicensis (Jacquin) Choisy is widely naturalized as a common weed in rice paddies in Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. It will probably be found in S China eventually.

The family is important in China for food plants (Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck and I. aquatica Forsskål), several ornamentals (Ipomoea), several medicinal plants (Erycibe, Ipomoea, Cuscuta, Merremia, Dichondra, Evolvulus), and numerous noxious weeds (Cuscuta, Calystegia, Convolvulus) .

Pollen aperture type and surface ornamentation are important characters in the classification of Convolvulaceae at the generic level and above. The most critical feature of the pollen is whether the grain surface is spiny or not. This distinction separates the eight tribes recognized by Austin (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 306-412. 1973) into two rather cohesive groups. A low magnification (20 ) is adequate for discerning the presence or absence of minute spines on the surface.

For the successful identification of Convolvulaceae, both flowering and fruiting material should be collected. The first key to genera requires adequate fertile material with both flowers and fruit, and requires use of a pollen character. The second key may be used as an aid to identification where material is lacking flowers or fruit, but in some instances it is still partially dependent upon having both flowers and fruit.[1]

Genus Ipomoea

Herbs or shrubs , often twining , sometimes prostrate , erect , or floating. Leaves petiolate , entire, lobed , or divided . Inflorescences mostly axillary , cymose , 1- to many flowered, rarely paniculate ; bracts various. Flowers small to large. Sepals persistent , equal to unequal, ± enlarged in fruit. Corolla variously colored , rarely yellow, funnelform , campanulate , or salverform ; limb 5-lobed to entire, midpetaline bands well defined. Stamens included or exserted; filaments filiform , usually unequal, dilated and pubescent basally; anthers ovate or linear , longitudinally dehiscent , not twisted; pollen globular, pantoporate , finely spiny . Disc ringlike. Ovary 2-4-loculed, 4- or 6-ovuled. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, or 2- or 3-globulose. Capsule globose or ovoid , 4- or 6-valved. Seeds 4(-6) or fewer, glabrous or pubescent.

Approximately 500 species: widely distributed in tropical to warm temperate regions , especially of North and South America; 29 species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habit: Vine , Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August. • Flower Color: orange, red, red-orange

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 10-12' tall.

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,966 meters (0 to 6,450 feet).[3]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Magnoliopsida () - Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
        Subclass: Asteridae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Solananae () - R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1992
        Order: Solanales () - Dumortier, 1829
        Family: Convolvulaceae () - A.L. de Jussieu, 1789 - gloires du matin, morning glories
        Subfamily: Ericoideae ()
        Tribe: Ipomoeeae ()
        Genus: Ipomoea () - C. Linnaeus, 1753 - Morning-glory
        Specific epithet: coccinea - L.
        Botanical name: - Ipomoea coccinea L.

Synonyms

Convolvulus Coccineus • Convolvulus coccineus (L.) Salisb. • Mina coccinea (L.) Bello • Neorthosis Coccinea • Neorthosis coccinea (L.) Raf. • Quamoclit coccinea (L.) Moench

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Ipomoea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 322 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

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Notes

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Contributors

Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
UNIBIO, IBUNAM, MEXU/Plantas Vasculares
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-30770
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14375281
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:268660-1
GRIN Nomen Number: 20155
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 30770
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 125033-3
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCON0A0A0
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: QUCO9
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 44189

Footnotes

Ruizheng Fang & George Staples "Convolvulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 271. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Clifton E. Nauman "Ipomoea". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 301. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 238.630 meters (782.907 feet), Standard Deviation = 277.970 based on 398 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Ipomoea coccinea

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Convolvulaceae

Genus Ipomoea

Physical Description

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Reproduction

Growth

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ipomoea

More Info

Further Reading

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Identifiers

Footnotes