Ipomoea batatas

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Overview

Tubers supposedly edible but not as good I. batatas (sweet potato). This is a climber , where the similar but more often cultivated I.batatas sprawls across the ground dsending down roots , is more hairy , and has more often lobed leaves.

A vine (originally from S. America) brought to Hawaii by Polynesians. One of the most important food plants in the Pacific area. Extremely variable in leaf shape , stem color, "potato" (tuberous root) color, etc.

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Convolvulaceae

Herbs or shrubs , usually with twining or climbing stems or erect , often with milky juice. Leaves alternate, simple , entire , dissected , or compound , absent in parasitic species. Flowers solitary, axillary or in cymes, racemes , panicles, umbels, or capitula, bisexual , actinomorphic , usually 5-merous, often showy. Sepals free , often persistent , sometimes enlarged in fruit. Corolla sympetalous , funnelform , campanulate , salverform , or urceolate ; limb subentire or deeply lobed . Stamens alternating with corolla lobes , adnate to corolla; filaments filiform , equal or unequal in length; anthers introrse , laterally and longitudinally dehiscing; pollen smooth or finely spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Ovary superior, mostly 2-carpellate, 1- or 2-loculed, rarely 3- or 4-loculed; ovules basal, erect. Styles 1 or 2, terminal (gynobasic in Dichondra) or very short or absent; stigma entire or 2- (or 3) -lobed, rarely peltate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , circumscissile, or irregularly shattering, less often a berry or nutlike. Seeds usually trigonous , smooth or pubescent .

About 58 genera and 1650 species: widely distributed in tropical , subtropical , and temperate regions ; 20 genera and 129 species in China.

Aniseia biflora (Linnaeus) Choisy and A. stenantha (Dunn) Ling, recognized in the Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin., are here treated as Ipomoea biflora and I. fimbriosepala, respectively, because both have pantoporate and spinulose pollen. Strictly speaking, Aniseia is a neotropical genus of about five species, of which A. martinicensis (Jacquin) Choisy is widely naturalized as a common weed in rice paddies in Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. It will probably be found in S China eventually.

The family is important in China for food plants (Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck and I. aquatica Forsskål), several ornamentals (Ipomoea), several medicinal plants (Erycibe, Ipomoea, Cuscuta, Merremia, Dichondra, Evolvulus), and numerous noxious weeds (Cuscuta, Calystegia, Convolvulus) .

Pollen aperture type and surface ornamentation are important characters in the classification of Convolvulaceae at the generic level and above. The most critical feature of the pollen is whether the grain surface is spiny or not. This distinction separates the eight tribes recognized by Austin (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 306-412. 1973) into two rather cohesive groups. A low magnification (20 ) is adequate for discerning the presence or absence of minute spines on the surface.

For the successful identification of Convolvulaceae, both flowering and fruiting material should be collected. The first key to genera requires adequate fertile material with both flowers and fruit, and requires use of a pollen character. The second key may be used as an aid to identification where material is lacking flowers or fruit, but in some instances it is still partially dependent upon having both flowers and fruit.Ruizheng Fang & George Staples "Convolvulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 271. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Genus Ipomoea

Herbs or shrubs , often twining , sometimes prostrate , erect , or floating. Leaves petiolate , entire , lobed , or divided . Inflorescences mostly axillary , cymose , 1- to many flowered, rarely paniculate ; bracts various. Flowers small to large. Sepals persistent , equal to unequal, ± enlarged in fruit. Corolla variously colored , rarely yellow, funnelform , campanulate , or salverform ; limb 5-lobed to entire, midpetaline bands well defined. Stamens included or exserted; filaments filiform , usually unequal, dilated and pubescent basally; anthers ovate or linear , longitudinally dehiscent , not twisted; pollen globular, pantoporate , finely spiny . Disc ringlike. Ovary 2-4-loculed, 4- or 6-ovuled. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, or 2- or 3-globulose. Capsule globose or ovoid , 4- or 6-valved. Seeds 4(-6) or fewer, glabrous or pubescent.

Approximately 500 species: widely distributed in tropical to warm temperate regions , especially of North and South America; 29 species in China.Clifton E. Nauman "Ipomoea". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 301. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,653 meters (0 to 15,266 feet).Mean = 814.450 meters (2,672.080 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,008.520 based on 981 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Batatas Choisy
2. Convolvulus batatas L.
3. Convolvulus tiliaceus auct. non Willd.
4. Ipomoea (Choisy) D.F. Austin ser. Batatas
5. Ipomoea fastigiata (Roxb.) Sweet
6. Ipomoea tiliacea auct. non (Willd.) Choisy
7. Ipomoea triloba auct. non L.

Notes

Publishing author : Willd. Publication : Enum. Hort. Berol. 203 Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: Tabl. encycl. 1:465. 1793

Name verified on 15-Apr-1987 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 01-Mar-2006

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ipomoea

There are approximately 2192 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

I. ''orange Noah'' · I. 'Akatsuki no Hikari' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Akatsuki No Murasaki' · I. 'Cameo Elegance' · I. 'Chidorii' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Chocolate Silk' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Chocolate' · I. 'Early Call Mixed' (Early Call Mixed Japanese Morning Glory) · I. 'Hakuou' (Chinese White Phoenix) · I. 'Hama No Haru' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Hama No Kagayaki' · I. 'Hamaginga' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Heavenly Blue' · I. 'Milky Way' · I. 'Misty' · I. 'Quebra Plata' · I. 'Sayaka' (Japanese Morning Glory) · I. 'Shirayuki' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Star of Yalta' · I. 'Suigetsu' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Sydney' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Texas Wine' (Morning Glory) · I. 'Yaguruma' (Japanese Morning Glory) · I. 'Yuuzuki' · I. abrupta (Bush Yam) · I. abscissa · I. abutilodes · I. abutilodes var. hartwegiana · I. abutilodes var. kunthiana · I. abutiloides · I. abyssinica · I. acanthocarpa · I. acaponetensis · I. acetosaefolia · I. acetosaefolia var. longifolia · I. acetosellaefolia · I. acetosellifolia · I. acetosifolia · I. aculeata · I. aculeata f. bona-nox · I. aculeata var. bona-nox · I. aculeata var. heterophylla · I. acuminata 'Blue Dawn' (Blue Dawn Morning Glory) · I. acuminata f. albiflora · I. acutangula · I. acutiflora · I. acutisepala · I. adenioides (Trumpet Flower Morning Glory) · I. adenioides var. ovato-lanceolata · I. adenioides var. ovatolanceolata · I. adspersa · I. adumbrata · I. aegopoda · I. aequisepala · I. affinis · I. afra · I. afzelii · I. aggregata · I. agrestis · I. aitoni · I. aitonii · I. alata · I. alatipes · I. alba (Giant Moonflower) · I. alba 'Meekerii' (Moonflower) · I. albidiflora · I. albiflora · I. albiflora var. cinerea · I. albiflora var. divergens · I. albiflora var. stricta · I. albivenia (Wild Cotton) · I. alexandrae · I. alpina · I. alterniflora · I. althoffiana · I. altissima · I. alto-paranaensis · I. alulata · I. amambayensis · I. ambigua · I. amnicola (Red-Center Morning-Glory) · I. amoena · I. amoenula · I. ampamana · I. amparoana · I. ampelopsifolia · I. amplexicaulis · I. ampliata · I. ampullacea (Ipomoea) · I. anceps · I. ancisa · I. andersonii (Morning Glory) · I. andongensis · I. androyensis · I. anemophoba · I. angularis · I. angulata · I. angulata var. gnidioides · I. angulata var. gnidoides · I. angulata var. latifolia

Bibliography

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More Info

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 4, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 16 providers.
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• UNIBIO, IBUNAM, MEXU/Plantas Vasculares

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 9389678
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-30764
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13735739
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:268477-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 20142
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 30764
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 124381-3
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCON0A050
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: IPBA2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 44114

Footnotes

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