Ipomoea littoralis

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Convolvulaceae

Herbs or shrubs , usually with twining or climbing stems or erect , often with milky juice. Leaves alternate, simple , entire, dissected , or compound , absent in parasitic species. Flowers solitary, axillary or in cymes, racemes , panicles, umbels, or capitula, bisexual , actinomorphic , usually 5-merous, often showy. Sepals free , often persistent , sometimes enlarged in fruit. Corolla sympetalous , funnelform , campanulate , salverform , or urceolate ; limb subentire or deeply lobed . Stamens alternating with corolla lobes , adnate to corolla; filaments filiform , equal or unequal in length ; anthers introrse , laterally and longitudinally dehiscing; pollen smooth or finely spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Ovary superior, mostly 2-carpellate, 1- or 2-loculed, rarely 3- or 4-loculed; ovules basal, erect. Styles 1 or 2, terminal (gynobasic in Dichondra) or very short or absent; stigma entire or 2- (or 3) -lobed, rarely peltate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , circumscissile, or irregularly shattering, less often a berry or nutlike. Seeds usually trigonous , smooth or pubescent .

About 58 genera and 1650 species: widely distributed in tropical , subtropical , and temperate regions ; 20 genera and 129 species in China.

Aniseia biflora (Linnaeus) Choisy and A. stenantha (Dunn) Ling, recognized in the Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin., are here treated as Ipomoea biflora and I. fimbriosepala, respectively, because both have pantoporate and spinulose pollen. Strictly speaking, Aniseia is a neotropical genus of about five species, of which A. martinicensis (Jacquin) Choisy is widely naturalized as a common weed in rice paddies in Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. It will probably be found in S China eventually.

The family is important in China for food plants (Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck and I. aquatica Forsskål), several ornamentals (Ipomoea), several medicinal plants (Erycibe, Ipomoea, Cuscuta, Merremia, Dichondra, Evolvulus), and numerous noxious weeds (Cuscuta, Calystegia, Convolvulus) .

Pollen aperture type and surface ornamentation are important characters in the classification of Convolvulaceae at the generic level and above. The most critical feature of the pollen is whether the grain surface is spiny or not. This distinction separates the eight tribes recognized by Austin (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 306-412. 1973) into two rather cohesive groups. A low magnification (20 ) is adequate for discerning the presence or absence of minute spines on the surface.

For the successful identification of Convolvulaceae, both flowering and fruiting material should be collected. The first key to genera requires adequate fertile material with both flowers and fruit, and requires use of a pollen character. The second key may be used as an aid to identification where material is lacking flowers or fruit, but in some instances it is still partially dependent upon having both flowers and fruit.[1]

Genus Ipomoea

Herbs or shrubs , often twining , sometimes prostrate , erect , or floating. Leaves petiolate , entire, lobed , or divided . Inflorescences mostly axillary , cymose , 1- to many flowered, rarely paniculate ; bracts various. Flowers small to large. Sepals persistent , equal to unequal, ± enlarged in fruit. Corolla variously colored , rarely yellow, funnelform , campanulate , or salverform ; limb 5-lobed to entire, midpetaline bands well defined. Stamens included or exserted; filaments filiform , usually unequal, dilated and pubescent basally; anthers ovate or linear , longitudinally dehiscent , not twisted; pollen globular , pantoporate , finely spiny . Disc ringlike. Ovary 2-4-loculed, 4- or 6-ovuled. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, or 2- or 3-globulose. Capsule globose or ovoid , 4- or 6-valved. Seeds 4(-6) or fewer, glabrous or pubescent.

Approximately 500 species: widely distributed in tropical to warm temperate regions , especially of North and South America; 29 species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Sandy seashores, coastal thickets, forest floors; 0-100 m [3].

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Batatas littoralis (L.) Choisy • C. denticulatus Desrousseaux • Convolvulus littoralis Linnaeus • Ipomoea Batatas Littoralis • Ipomoea denticulata (Desrousseaux) Choisy • Ipomoea gracilis auct. non R. Br. • Syst. Nat. (Ed. 10) 924. 1759

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Ipomoea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 322 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

I. abrupta (Bush Yam) · I. acuminata 'Blue Dawn' (Blue Dawn Morning Glory) · I. adenioides (Trumpet Flower Morning Glory) · I. alba (Giant Moonflower) · I. alba 'Meekerii' (Moonflower) · I. albivenia (Wild Cotton) · I. amnicola (Red-Center Morning-Glory) · I. ampullacea (Ipomoea) · I. andersonii (Morning Glory) · I. aquatica (Chinese Water Spinach) · I. arachnosperma (Ipomoea) · I. arborescens (Tree Morning Glory) · I. argillicola (Ipomoea) · I. armentalis (Ipomoea) · I. asarifolia (Ipomoea) · I. aurantiaca (Ipomoea) · I. balioclada (Ipomoea) · I. barbatisepala (Canyon Morning-Glory) · I. batatas ('uala) · I. batatas 'Ace of Spades' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Amish White Bunch' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Batas' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Beauregard' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Bermuda White' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Betty's' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Blackie' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Black Heart' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Brinkley White' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Bunch Porto Rico' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Carolina Green' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Carolina Purple' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Carver' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Centennial' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Continental Red' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Darby' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Evangeline' (Sweet Potato 'evangeline') · I. batatas 'Frazier White' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Georgia Jet' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Georgia Red' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Georgia Yam' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Hernandez' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Ivis White Cream' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Ivory Jewel' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Japanese' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Jewel' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Korean Purple' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Laceleaf' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Lady Fingers' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Margarita' (Margarita Sweet Potato Vine) · I. batatas 'Martins' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Maryland 810' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Maynard Family White' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Memphis Pride' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Millard Cooper' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Nancy Hall' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'New Jewell' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Oakleaf' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Oklahoma Red' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Old Henry' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Old Kentucky' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Old Orange' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Orange Oakleaf' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Pink Frost' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Poplar Root' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Purple' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Qualls' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Red Ivy Leaf' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Red Yam' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Regal' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Ringley's Porto Rico' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Seki Blapalm' (Sweet Potato 'seki Blapalm') · I. batatas 'Southern Queen' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Spanish Red' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Stoker Red' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sumor' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sweet Carolina Bronze' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sweet Caroline Bronze' (Sweet Caroline Bronze Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sweet Caroline Green Yellow' (Ornamental Sweet Potato 'sweet Caroline Green Yellow') · I. batatas 'Sweet Heart Light Green' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sweet Heart Purple' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Sweet Heart Red' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Tennessee Top Mark' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Terrace Lime' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Tricolor' (Ornamental Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Vardaman' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Violetta' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Wakenda' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'White Hayman' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'White Jewel' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'White Queen' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'White Star' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'White Triumph' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Willow Leaf' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Yellow Jersey' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatas 'Yellow Yam' (Sweet Potato) · I. batatus 'Margarita' (Margarita Sweet Potato Vine) · I. beraviensis (Hawaiian Bell) · I. biflora (White Woodrose) · I. bolusiana (Ipomoea) · I. bonariensis (Ipomoea)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A bibliographic enumeration of Bornean plants, by E. D. Merrill. Singapore, Printed by Fraser & Neave, ltd., 1921 url p. 509, p. 509.
• A manual flora of Egypt / by Reno Muschler. With a preface by Paul Ascherson and Georg Schweinfurth. Berlin, R. Friedlaender, 1912. url p. 770.
• An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 365, p. 368.
• Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 248.
• Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url , p. 509.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 652.
• Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 4 1905-1907 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 122.
• Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine Archipelago, Manila, Bureau of printing, 1910. url p. 445.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 51 2005 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 167, p. 199, p. 299, p. 541.
• Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 83.
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 941.
• Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 64.
• Flora of Guatemala / Paul C. Standley and Louis O. Williams. 24 1970 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1970. url p. 56.
• Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and in Oklahom by John Kunkel Small. New York, The author, 1913. url p. 961, p. 962.
• Florida wild flowers; an introduction to the flora of the Florida peninsula, by Mary Francis Baker, photographs by the author. New York, The Macmillan company, 1926. url p. 181, p. 182.
• Insects; the yearbook of agriculture, 1952. Washington: U.S.G.P.O., 1952. url p. 529.
• Journal of Hymenoptera research. Washington, D.C.: International Society of Hymenopterists, [1992- url p. 31.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. 32 1894 London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 166, p. 167.
• Memoirs / Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn, N.Y.: The Garden, 1918-1936. url p. 83.
• National list of scientific plant names. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1982- url p. 217.
• Oliver, D. Flora of tropical Africa /by Daniel Oliver. .. assisted by other botanists. 4 1905-1906 London: L. Reeve and co., 1868-1999. url p. 172.
• Preliminary catalog of Anthophyta and Pteridophyta, reported as growing spontaneously within one hundred miles of New York City. New York, 1888. url p. 85.
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 220, p. 49.
• Small, J. K. Flora of the southeastern United States;being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolin, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana and the Indian territory and in Oklahoma and Texas east of the one-hundredth meridian /by John Kunkel Small. .. 1903 New York: The author, 1903. url p. 961.
• The Bahama flora, by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Charles Frederick Millspaugh. New York, Published by the authors, 1920. url p. 352, p. 352, p. 352, p. 352.
• The Philippine journal of science. 3 1908 Manila. url p. 429.
• The Review of applied entomology. Farnham Royal, Eng., etc.: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, etc. url p. 214, p. 639.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. 4 1885 London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 208.
• The flora of the American Virgin Islands / N.L. Britton. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1918. url p. 83.
• The useful plants of the island of Guam; with an introductory account of the physical features and natural history of the island, of the character and history of its people, and of their agriculture / by William Edwin Safford. Washington, D.C.: Govt. Print. Off., 1905. url p. 299.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 227, p. 38.
• [Pamphlets on agriculture in Guam] S.l.: s.n., 1905-1916 url p. 299.
• Fang Rhui-cheng & Huang Shu-hua in Wu Cheng-yih, ed. 1979. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(1): 1-153.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 29, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
• "Ipomoea littoralis". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 307. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
• Marlin, Bruce. CirrusImage.com.
• Opler, Paul A., Harry Pavulaan, Ray E. Stanford, Michael Pogue, coordinators. Butterflies and Moths of North America. Bozeman, MT: Mountain Prairie Information Node. March 26, 2007.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2653839
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-30808
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13745792
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:269214-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 20169
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 30808
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCON0A2L0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: IPGR
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 44202

Footnotes

1. Ruizheng Fang & George Staples "Convolvulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 271. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Clifton E. Nauman "Ipomoea". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 301. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Ipomoea littoralis". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 307. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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