Hypochaeris glabra

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Lactuceae

The Lactuceae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that are easily recognized because the flowering heads are composed of wholly of ligulate florets that are usually 5-lobed. Another very distinguishing feature is the milky sap . Although not apparent without magnification, the pollen is distinctive in that the spines are more or less restricted to discrete ridges or flanges on the surface of the grain. In other members of the family the spines are distributed more or less evenly over the surface of the pollen grain . The pappus usually consists of scales or stiff hairs . -- Gerald D. Carr.

Genus Hypochaeris

Annuals , biennials, or perennials , 10-60 cm; taprooted and with caudices. Stems 1-15, erect , branched or unbranched, glabrate or coarsely hirsute . Leaves basal or basal and proximally cauline; petiolate or sessile; blades oblanceolate to oblong or elliptic , margins entire or dentate to pinnately lobed (faces glabrous or hirsute). Heads borne singly or in loose , cymiform, paniculiform . or corymbiform arrays. Peduncles slightly inflated distally, minutely bracteate . Calyculi 0 (or indistinguishable from phyllaries) . Involucres cylindric or campanulate , 5-20 mm diam. (12-25 mm in fruit). Phyllaries 20-30 in 3-4 series, unequal. linear-lanceolate, glabrous, glabrate, or coarsely hirsute. Receptacles flat, slightly pitted , paleate; paleae linear to subulate , scarious . Florets 20-100+; corollas usually yellow or orange, sometimes grayish green or reddish abaxially, rarely white, (not deliquescent). Cypselae monomorphic (all beaked ) or dimorphic (outer truncate , inner beaked), usually brown to golden, bodies ellipsoid or fusiform , ribs 4-5 or 10. faces ± muricate , otherwise glabrous; pappi persistent , of 40-60+, white to tan bristles in 1 (all plumose ) or in 2 series (outer barbellate , shorter than plumose inner). x = 4, 5.

Species 60+: introduced ; South America, s Europe, n Africa, Asia.

Hypochaeris is similar to and closely related to Leontodon, from which it is distinguished mainly by its paleate receptacles and unequal phyllaries. Plumose pappus bristles are characteristic of both Hypochaeris and Leontodon. Molecular studies indicate the South American species of Hypochaeris are a monophyletic group derived from European stock that has undergone a recent and rapid radiation in the New World (R. Samuel et al. 2003). Two South American species are found as weeds in the flora area.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Grassy slopes , sage scrub , pine-hardwood forest , disturbed areas, roadsides, commonly in sandy soil; 100-1300 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,400 meters (0 to 4,593 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Hypochaeris radicata L. glabra (L.) Mateo & Figuerola

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: CONABIO, Caribbean Checklist , African Flowering Plants Database , SANBI, New Zealand Plant Name Database, Flora of Japan, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, MesoAmericana, Tropicos, Euro+Med, Colombia, LCR Editor, Flora of Tasm. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:988550E0-560A-4BB5-8396-A61DE4B129C0

Last scrutiny: 17-Nov-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Hypochaeris

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 11 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. brasiliensis (Brazilian Catsear) · H. brasiliensis var. brasiliensis (Brazilian Catsear) · H. brasiliensis var. tweediei (Tweedys Catsear) · H. brasiliensis var. tweedyi (Tweedy's Catsear) · H. glabra (Smooth Cat's-Ear) · H. microcephala (Small-Head Cat's-Ear) · H. microcephala (Sch.Bip.) Cabrera var. albiflora (Kuntze) Cabrera (Smallhead Catsear) · H. microcephala var. albiflora (Smallhead Catsear) · H. microcephala var. microcephala (Smallhead Catsear) · H. radicata (Common Cat's-Ear) · H. sessiliflora (Cats Ear)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A Manual of botany: being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants / Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1875. url .
• A guide to the natural history of the Isle of Wight: a series of contributions by specialists relating to the various branches of natural history and kindred subjects / edited by Frank Morey. Newport, Isle of Wight: The County Press, 1909. url p. 161.
• A new British flora: British wild flowers in their natural haunts / described by A. R. Horwood; with sixty-four plates in colour representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illustrations from photographs. London: Gresham, 1919. url p. 221.
• A preliminary list of the Uredinales of California, by Walter C. Blasdale. Berkeley: University of California press, 1919. url p. 137, p. 155.
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url p. 73.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 309.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 105, p. 276, p. 383, p. 39.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 664.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 8 1897 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 126.
• Annual report of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. [Orono, Me.: Maine State College, 1885-1953. url p. 6.
• Annual report of the Ohio State Academy of Science. Columbus: The Academy, 1893-1930. url p. 81.
• Annual reports and proceedings of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. url p. 123, p. 297.
• Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Wien: Der Akademie, 1864-1914. url p. 32, p. 32.
• Blakeney Point, Norfolk: topography and vegetation / F. W. Oliver and E. J. Salisbury. London: F.T. Smith, 1913. url p. 46, p. 49.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 7 1922 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 515, p. 906.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1922 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 10, p. 11, p. 304, p. 7, p. 8, p. 8, p. 8, p. 8, p. 9, p. 9, p. 9.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 24 1897 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 344.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 303, p. 304, p. 381.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 34, p. 48.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 11 1906 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 541.
• Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup / revised by J. Lind. Copenhagen: Gyldendalske boghandel, 1913. url p. 330, p. 424.
• Flora metropolitana; or, Botanical rambles within thirty miles of London, being the results of numerous excursions made in 1833, 34, 35. .. intended for the student in practical botany. .. London, S. Highley, 1836. url p. 21, p. 26, p. 47, p. 51.
• Flora of County Kerry: including the flowering plants, ferns, Characeae, &c. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, 1916. url .
• Flora of Los Angeles and vicinity / by LeRoy Abrams. Stanford University, Cal. 1917. url p. 408.
• Flora of Plymouth: an account of the flowering plants and ferns found within twelve miles of the town; history of local botanical investigation. London, J. Van Voorst, 1880. url p. 402.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url , p. 199, p. 200.
• Flora of the northwest coast, including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon. Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1915. url .
• Flora of the northwest coast: including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: Press of the New era printing company, 1915. url p. 353.
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 541.
• Flora of the vicinity of New York; a contribution to plant geography. [New York]1915 url p. 642.
• Flowers of the field. London, Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge[186-?] url p. 335.
• Gardening for beginners; a handbook to the garden, by E.T. Cook. [London]"Country Life" [etc., 1914] url .
• Hortus Kewensis, or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew /by William Aiton. .. 3 1789 London: Printed for George Nicol, Bookseller to his Majesty, 1789. url p. 132.
• International catalogue of scientific literature. London: Published for the International Council by the Royal Society of London, 1902-1919. url p. 783.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 192, p. 201, p. 507.
• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url , .
• Magazine of zoology and botany. Edinburgh; Dublin. url p. 499.
• Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada / by Nathaniel Lord Britton. New York: Holt, 1905. url p. 893.
• Manual of the southeastern flora: being descriptions of the seed plants growing naturally in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, eastern Louisiana, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. 1933 New York: The author, 1933. url p. 1488.
• Marcellia. New York [etc.]Pergamon Press [etc.] url p. 12.
• Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. 2 1902 Edinburgh: H. M. Stationery Off. url p. 161, p. 222.
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• The flora of Suffolk a topographical enumeration of the plants of the county, showing the results of former observations and of the most recent researches / by W.M. Hind; assisted by Churchill Babington; with an introductory chapter of the geology, climate and meteorology of Suffolk by Wheelton Hind. London: Gurney and Jackson, 1889. url p. 218.
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• The weeds of New South Wales, pt. I- Sydney, W.A. Gullick, Gov't. printer, 1920- url p. 23.
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• Samuel, R. et al. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Hypochaeris (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) based on ITS, plastid trnL intron, trnL-F spacer, and matK sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 90: 496-507.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:

• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2658808
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-261
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 3027485
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225505-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 104358
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 37792
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST54020
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: HYGL2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 43785

Footnotes

1. David J. Bogler "Hypochaeris". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 214, 216, 297, 298. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Hypochaeris glabra". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 298, 299. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 148.890 meters (488.484 feet), Standard Deviation = 216.670 based on 4,873 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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