Hydrilla dentata

• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Description

Family Hydrocharitaceae

Herbs, annual or perennial , caulescent or without evident stem, glabrous or pubescent , entirely submersed , with both submersed and floating leaves, or with submersed stolons and emergent leaves, in fresh, brackish , or marine waters; turions rarely present. Stems rhizomatous , creeping , with abbreviated erect axis at nodes, or erect, leafy, elongate . Leaves basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled , sessile or petiolate ; stipules sometimes present, forming tubular sheath around stem; blade margins entire or serrate; veins 1--many. Inflorescences axillary , terminal , or scapose , 1-flowered or cymose , subtended by spathe ; spathe a 2-fid bract or pair of opposite bracts. Flowers unisexual , staminate and pistillate on same plants or on different plants, often with rudiments of opposite type, or bisexual , actinomorphic , rarely slightly zygomorphic; perianth epigynous , free , mostly 6-parted, then differentiated into sepals and petals, rarely 3-parted, then petals absent in Thalassia and Halophila; stamens (0--) 2--many in 1 or more whorls (inner often staminodial), epigynous, distinct or ± connate ; pollen spheric, in monads or tetrads or in slender chains; ovary 0--1, if present, inferior, 2--6[--16]-carpellate, 1-locular or falsely 6--9-locular; placentation parietal . Fruits berrylike. Seeds many, fusiform , ellipsoid , ovoid , or spheric; seed coat glabrous, papillose , or echinate .

Genera 17, species ca. 76 (10 genera, 14 species in the flora ) : nearly worldwide.

Hydrocharitaceae, like other members of the Alismatidae, have one or more (fewer than 20) scales (intravaginal squamules ) in the axils of their leaves. These scales (or hairs in some taxa) secrete mucilage and are without any venation . The structures are often referred to as "squamulae intravaginales" or "intravaginal scales" in the literature.[1]

Genus Hydrilla

Plants perennial , of fresh or brackish waters. Rhizomes present, stolons absent. Erect stems rooted in substrate, branched or unbranched, elongate . Leaves cauline, whorled , 3--8 per node, submersed , sessile; blade linear , rarely slightly elliptic , base tapering to stem, apex acute; midvein without lacunae along side(s), blade uniform in color throughout; abaxial surface ly with prickles along midvein, without aerenchyma ; intravaginal squamules fringed with orange-brown hairs . Inflorescences 1-flowered, sessile to subsessile ; spathe not winged . Flowers unisexual , staminate and pistillate on different plants or on same plants, submersed, sessile; petals whitish to reddish. Staminate flowers : filaments distinct , released under water, rising to surface; anthers oval ; pollen in monads ;. pPistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular; floral tube long, styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits linear, cylindric , smooth or with simple spiny processes, indehiscent. Seeds cylindric, glabrous .

Species 1: introduced , North America; Central America, South America, Eurasia , Africa, Australia.[2]

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Casp. Publication : Botanische Zeitung 1854 (20 Jan. 1854)

Similar Species

Members of the genus Hydrilla

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. verticillata (Florida-Elodea)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 670.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 670.
• Hooker, J. D. The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843: under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross /by Joseph Dalton Hooker. 3 1860 London: Reeve Brothers, 1844-60. url p. l
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 172.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. London, Published for the Linnean Society of London by Academic Press [etc.], 1848-1968. url p. 100.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. 5 1890 London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 659.
• Transactions and proceedings of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. [Edinburgh]: The Society, 1891-1970. url .
• v, p. xcvi, p. xlvii.
• Ancibor, E. 1979. Systematic anatomy of vegetative organs of the Hydrocharitaceae. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 78: 237--266.
• Catling, P. M. and W. G. Dore. 1982. Status and identification of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae and Limnobium spongia (Hydrocharitaceae) in northeastern North America. Rhodora 84: 523--545.
• Cook, C. D. K. 1982. Pollinating mechanisms in the Hydrocharitaceae. In: J.-J. Symoens et al., eds. 1982. Studies on Aquatic Vascular Plants. Brussels. Pp. 1--15.
• Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States:. Monocotyledons. Athens, Ga.
• Hartog, C. den. 1970. The Sea-grasses of the World. Amsterdam.
• Allen, G. E. 1976. Investigations and current status of insect enemies as biological control agents of aquatic weeds. In: C. K. Varshney and J. Rzóska, eds. 1976. Aquatic Weeds in South East Asia. The Hague.
• Austin, D. 1978. Exotic plants and their effects in southeastern Florida. Environm. Conserv. 5: 25--34.
• Blackburn, R. D. and L. W. Weldon. 1970. Control of Hydrilla verticillata. Hyacinth Control J. 8: 4--9.
• Cook, C. D. K. and R. Lüönd. 1982b. A revision of the genus Hydrilla (Hydrocharitaceae). Aquatic Bot. 13: 485--504.
• Lakshmanan, C. 1951. A note on the occurrence of turions in Hydrilla verticillata Presl. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 802--804.
• Shireman, J. V. , and M. J. Maceina. 1981. The utilization of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Val., for Hydrilla control in Lake Baldwin, Florida. J. Fish Biol. 19: 629--636.
• Tarver, D. P., J. A. Rodgers, M. J. Mahler, and R. L. Lazor. 1978. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Florida. Tallahassee.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 10677695
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:431771-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 431771-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1300800

Footnotes

1. Robert R. Haynes "Hydrocharitaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Hydrilla". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.