font settings and languages

Font Size: Large | Normal | Small
Font Face: Verdana | Geneva | Georgia
Languages:

Hydnocarpus kurzii

(Chaulmoogra)

Interesting Facts

[ Back to top ]
 

Common Names

[ Back to top ]

Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Burmese:

Kalawso

Common Names in Chinese:

Tan Li Da Feng Zi (Taiwan)

Common Names in English:

Chaulmoogra, Chalmoogra Nut, Chaulmoogra Tree, Gromwell Oil (Product), Hydnocarpus Oil (Product), Kalaw Tree, Kalaw Tree Oil (Product), Leprosy Oil (Product)

Common Names in Hindi:

Chaulmoogra, Chaulmugara, Chaulmugra, चौमुगरा

Common Names in India:

Chaulmugra

Common Names in Japanese:

Hidonokarupusu Kuruchii

Common Names in Russian:

Chaul´mugra, X Khaul´mugra

Common Names in Sanskrit:

Chaulmoogra, Chaulmugra

Common Names in Spanish:

Arbol De Aceite Marotti, Cholmugra

Description

[ Back to top ]

Genus Hydnocarpus

Trees , rarely shrubs , dioecious, rarely monoecious or polygamous. Leaves alternate; stipules small, usually early caducous ; petiole usually present, often thickened at apex; leaf blade leathery, pinnate-veined, margin entire or toothed . Flowers hypogynous, in axillary , branched cymes, these sometimes very short or reduced to fascicles or to a solitary flower, or rarely flowers in long racemelike panicles from trunk or older branches; bracts small to minute, sometimes persistent ; pedicels articulate . Sepals (3 or) 4 or 5(or 7-11), imbricate, free or slightly joined at base , concave , becoming reflexed , caducous. Petals 4 or 5(-14), free or slightly joined at base, each with a thick and usually hairy scale inside at base. Disk and disk glands absent. Staminate flowers : stamens 5 to many (more than 100) ; filaments free, sometimes very short; anthers oblong to ovate-cordate, longitudinally dehiscent , connective often dilated ; pistillode present or absent. Pistillate flowers: staminodes 5 to many, resembling stamens but anthers mostly reduced or absent; ovary superior, 1-loculed, placentas 3-6, each with several ovules; styles 3-6, short, or nearly absent; stigmas flattened, usually reflexed. Fruit baccate , globose , or ovoid , rarely elongate ; pericarp thick and hard, or thin and brittle, exocarp fibrous or not, mesocarp light yellow, usually very hard, endocarp soft. Seeds several to many, angular-ovoid, packed in pulp; testa hard, striate ; aril membranous; endosperm oily; cotyledons large and broad, leaflike, compressed-flat or folded.

About 40 species: tropical Asia; three species in China.[1]

Habitat

Ecology: Evergreen forest between 200 and 800 m (India).[2].

Taxonomy

[ Back to top ]

Synonyms

Taraktogenos kurzii King

Notes

Publishing author : Warb. Publication : Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] iii. 6a (1893) 21

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

[ Back to top ]

Members of the genus Hydnocarpus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 7 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. anthelminthicus (Siamese Chaulmoogra) · H. anthelminticus (Hydnocarpus) · H. kurzii (Chaulmoogra) · H. kurzii f. latifolia (Chaulmoogra) · H. pentandra (Jangli Almond (India)) · H. venenata (Jangli Almond (India)) · H. wightiana (Marotti Oil Tree)

More Info

[ Back to top ]

Further Reading

[ Back to top ]

Notes

[ Back to top ]

Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 25, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Qiner Yang & Sue Zmarzty "Hydnocarpus". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 112, 113, 114. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. CAMP Workshops on Medicinal Plants, India 1998. Hydnocarpus kurzii. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 February 2012. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012