Humulus japonicus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Cannabaceae

Herbs, annual or perennial , erect or twining , dioecious or sometimes monoecious, often with cystoliths (a hard calcium carbonate structure at base of a hair) . Stems furrowed or winged . Stipules free . Leaves alternate or opposite, palmately lobed or compound , sometimes simple . Male inflorescences a bracteate cymose panicle. Male flowers: pedicellate ; sepals 5, free; petals absent; stamens 5, opposite sepals; filaments short; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscent by longitudinal slits. Female inflorescences a bracteate spicate cyme much reduced in Cannabis, pendent or erect. Female flowers: sessile; calyx appressed to ovary, membranous; petals absent; ovary 1-loculed; ovule solitary, pendulous from locule apex; style 2-parted, branches filiform . Fruit an achene, covered by persistent calyx; endosperm fleshy ; embryo curved or spirally involute .

Two genera and four species: N Africa, Asia, Europe, North America; two genera and four species (one endemic) in China.

Because all the Chinese species in this family are cultivated and are often found naturalized in disturbed habitats , it is difficult to know the true wild distributions.

Cannabaceae has sometimes been included in Moraceae or Urticaceae but is now usually recognized as a distinct family. The subfamily Celtidoideae of Ulmaceae could possibly be included within Cannabaceae (see the discussion after the Ulmaceae family description ) .[1]

Genus Humulus

Herbs, taprooted annuals or rhizomatous perennials , rightward-twining. Stems usually branched, armed with rigid 2-branched, stalked hairs that facilitate climbing . Leaves simple ; petioles often twining , with 2-branched hairs. Leaf blade mostly cordate, palmately lobed , sometimes unlobed; surfaces abaxially resin-dotted and×or gland-dotted. Inflorescences: staminate inflorescences axillary and terminal , cymose panicles, erect to pendent, (10-) 20-100+-flowered, flowers small; pistillate axillary, spikes or racemes , flowers solitary or paired , short-pedicellate, subtended by bracts and bracteoles. Staminate and pistillate flowers usually on different plants . Achenes lenticular or terete , ensheathed by brownish or sometimes mottled persistent perianth; embryo coiled . x = 10.

Species 3: temperate Northern Hemisphere.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Roadsides, fencerows, waste places, riverbanks; 0-1000 m [3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,919 meters (0 to 6,296 feet).[4]

Ecology: Invasive: introduced as a cultivated plant .

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Humulus scandens auct. non (Lour.) Merr.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Humulus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. japonicus (Japanese Hop) · H. japonicus 'Variegatus' (Variegated Japanese Hops) · H. lupulus (Common Hop) · H. lupulus americanus (Common Hop) · H. lupulus L. var. lupuloides E.Small (Arizona Hops) · H. lupulus L. var. neomexicanus A.Nelson & Cockerell (Common Hop) · H. lupulus var. lupuloides (Arizona Hops) · H. lupulus var. lupulus (Common Hop) · H. lupulus var. neomexicanus (Common Hop) · H. lupulus var. pubescens (Common Hop) · H. lupulus 'Apollo' (Hop 'apollo') · H. lupulus 'Aureus' (Aureus Golden Hops) · H. lupulus 'Cascade' (Hops) · H. lupulus 'Fuggle' (Hops) · H. lupulus 'Hallertauer' (Hops) · H. lupulus 'Northern Brewer' (Hops) · H. lupulus 'Nugget' (Hops) · H. lupulus 'Sovereign' (Hop 'sovereign') · H. lupulus 'Sunbeam' (Golden Hops)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A comprehensive guide to floriculture and calendar of monthly operations. .. Syracuse, N.Y., Press of D. Mason & co., 1892. url p. 12.
• A contribution to our knowledge of seedlings; by the Right Hon. Sir John Lubbock. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, & co., ltd., 1892. url , p. 493.
• A little book of annuals, New York, The A. T. De La Mare company, inc., 1922. url p. 108.
• A text-book of mycology and plant pathology, by John W. Harshberger. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co.[c1917] url p. 439.
• Agricultural botany, theoretical and practical. New York, H. Holt, 1910. url .
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: C. Scribner's sons, 1913. url p. 633.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 282.
• Annual report of the Ohio State Academy of Science. Columbus: The Academy, 1893-1930. url p. 32.
• Aphididae of Formosa By Ryoichi Takahashi. Taihoku, Formosa, The Institute, 1921- url p. 57.
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 29 - 41 1957 - 19 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url p. 12, p. 25, p. 26, p. 66, p. 74, p. 76, p. 8, p. 8.
• Biological effects of radiation; mechanism and measurement of radiation, applications in biology, photochemical reactions, effects of radiant energy on organisms and organic products. Edited by Benjamin M. Duggar. With the cooperation of Janet Howell Clark, Kenneth S. Cole, Farrington Daniels [and others] New York andMcGraw-Hill Book Co., 1936. url p. 679.
• Book of garden plans, Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page & company, 1916. url .
• Botany for secondary schools; a guide to the knowledge of the vegetation of the neighborhood, by L. H. Bailey. New York, Macmillan, 1913. url p. 348.
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden record. 18 1929 [Brooklyn]: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1912-44. url p. 7.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1912 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 109, p. 16, p. 16.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 36 1909 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 28, p. 710.
• Catalog of Ohio vascular plants: arranged according to the phyletic classification: with notes on the geographical distribution in the state, based mainly on specimens in the State Herbarium, Botanical Laboratory, the Ohio State Uni by John H. Schaffner. Columbus: Ohio State University, 1914. url p. 196.
• Catalogue of the flowering plants and ferns of Connecticut growing without cultivation / by Charles Burr Graves. .. [et al.]; Committee of the Connecticut Botanical Society. Hartford: Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1910. url p. 154.
• Chestnut blight. 1906-1960. url .
• Chinese materia medica. extensively revised from F. Porter Smith's work by G. A. Stuart. Shanghai?: Presbyterian Mission Press?, 1911? url p. 209.
• Climbing plants, by William Watson; with introduction by W. Robinson. London [etc.]: T.C. & E.C. Jack, [1915] url p. 127, p. 127, p. 20, p. 98.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 21 1919 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 142.
• Cooperative economic insect report. Hyattsville, MD. [etc.]Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service. url p. 1126, p. 266.
• Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 10.
• Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. url p. 335, p. 827.
• Flora of Burlington and vicinity; a list of the fern and seed plants growing without cultivation, by Nellie F. Flynn. Burlington, Free Press Printing Co., 1911. url p. 33.
• Flora of Illinois, containing keys for identification of flowering plants and ferns. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame Press, 1963. url p. 158.
• Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. url , p. 394, p. 396.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 385.
• Flora of Kwangtung and Hongkong (China) being an account of the floweriing plants, ferns and fern allies together with keys for their determination preceded by a map and introduction, London, H. M. Stationery off., printed by Darling and son, ltd., 1912. url .
• Flora of the District of Columbia and vicinity. By A.S. Hitchcock and Paul C. Standley, with the assistance of the botanists of Washington. WashingtonGovt. print. off.1919 url p. 142.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url , p. 302, p. 308.
• Flora of the vicinity of New York; a contribution to plant geography. [New York]1915 url p. 282.
• Florists' review Chicago: Florists' Pub. Co. url .
• Garden-making: suggestions for the utilizing of home grounds, by L. H. Bailey. .. London: Macmillan, 1898. url p. 265.
• Gardening for beginners; a handbook to the garden, by E.T. Cook. [London]"Country Life" [etc., 1914] url , .
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 581.
• Handbook of the wild and cultivated flowering plants, by Chester Arthur Darling... Syracuse andThe Mason-Henry press, [1912] url p. 89.
• How to make a flower garden; a manual of practical information and suggestions. New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1903. url p. 336.
• Illinois River Bluffs area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, [and the] State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998- url p. 180.
• International catalogue of scientific literature. London: Published for the International Council by the Royal Society of London, 1902-1919. url p. 372, p. 494.
• Introduction to cytology, by Lester W. Sharp. .. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc., 1934. url p. 390.
• Introduction to genetics and cytogenetics. New York, J. Wiley[1948] url p. 505, p. 586.
• Journal of agricultural research. Washington, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1913-1949.. url p. 555, p. 612.
• Journal of genetics. Cambridge: University Press, 1910-1977. url p. 197, p. 197, p. 199.
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. url p. 22, p. 557, p. 84, p. 870.
• List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 15, p. 20, p. 22, p. 25, p. 43, p. 44.
• Lists of plant types for landscape planting; the materials of planting for ornament listed according to their various uses, by Stephen F. Hamblin. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1923. url , p. 159.
• Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze Valley, China. Corvallis, Oregon State College[1958] url p. 597.
• Miyabe-festschrift, or A collection of botanical papers presented to Prof. Dr. Kingo Miyabe on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of his academic service by his friends and pupils. Tokio, Rokumeikwan, 1911. url p. 319.
• My garden. By Eden Phillpotts. London, "Country life, " ltd. [etc.];1906. url p. 59.
• National Arboretum contribution. Washington, D.C.: The Arboretum: 1953- url p. 16.
• Nature. London, Macmillan. url p. 166.
• Pamphlets on forest protection. [1900?- url p. 349.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 229.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 163, p. 169, p. 70.
• Plant culture; a working hand-book of every day practice for all who grow flowering and ornamental plants in the garden and greenhouse, New York, A. T. De La Mare Printing and Publishing Co., Ltd., 1909. url .
• Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, Biological Society of Washington url p. 198, p. 198.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url p. 14, p. 34.
• Recent advances in cytology, by C. D. Darlington. With a foreword by J. B. S. Haldane. With 16 plates, 160 text-figures and 81 tables. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co., inc., 1937. url p. 358, p. 360, p. 361, p. 615.
• Recent advances in microscopy; biological applications, edited by A. Piney. With 83 illustrations. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co., inc., 1931. url p. 221, p. 222.
• Sex and internal secretions. Contributors: A. Albert [and others] Foreword by George W. Corner. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1961. url p. 1550.
• Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 204.
• Stout manual training school; a handbook for planning and planting small home grounds. .. with a list of native and commonly cultivated plants that are represented in the collection upon the Stout manual training school grounds. Menomonie, Wis., Stout manual training school, 1899. url p. 70.
• Textbook of theoretical botany, by R. C. McLean and W. R. Ivimey-Cook. London, Longmans, Green[1951- url p. 1750.
• The American midland naturalist. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame. url .
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 199, p. 199.
• The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. London, C. Scribner's Sons, 1900. url .
• The English flower garden and home grounds: design and arrangement followed by a description of the plants, shrubs and trees for the open-air garden and their culture / by W. Robinson. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1921. url p. 503.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url , , p. 152, p. 40, p. 498, p. 54, p. 562, p. 94.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url , , p. 202, p. 216, p. 228, p. 429, p. 455, p. 53, p. 726.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 372.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 26 1889-90 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 453.
• The Macrolepidoptera of the world; a systematic description of the hitherto known Macrolepidoptera, ed. in collaboration with well-known specialists. Stuttgart: Seitz'schen (Kernen), 1906- url p. 207.
• The Ohio journal of science. Columbus, Ohio, The Ohio State University and the Ohio Academy of Science url p. 109, p. 279.
• The blossom circle of the year in southern gardens, New York, N.Y., A. T. De La Mare company, inc., 1922. url p. 198.
• The book of climbing plants and wall shrubs, by S. Arnott. London, J. Lane, 1903 [pub. 1902] url p. 103, p. 103, p. 26, p. 26.
• The book of hardy flowers; a simple and complete descriptive guide to the cultivation in gardens of the trees and shrubs, perennial and annual flowers, that are hardy, or are suitable for planting out-of-doors in summer in temp Ed. by H. H. Thomas. .. Beautifully illustrated with thirty-two direct color photographs by H. Essenhigh Corke and sixty-four half-tone plates. 1915 New York, Funk & Wagnalls company; [etc., etc.][1915] url p. 223.
• The botany of crop plants: a text and reference book. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son, [c1917] url .
• The botany of crop plants; a text and reference book, by Wilfred W. Robbins. .. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co.[c1917] url p. 265.
• The complete garden, by Albert D. Taylor, assisted by Gordon D. Cooper. Illustrated with fifty full page cuts, four line charts, and nine coloured plates. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1921. url p. 261, p. 261, p. 405.
• The complete illustrated book of garden magic. Chicago, J.G. Ferguson Pub. Co.[1969] url p. 329.
• The hop and its constituents. A monograph on the hop plant. Ed. by Alfred C. Chapman. London, The Brewing trade review, 1905. url p. 1.
• The principles of plant-teratology. London, The Ray Society, 1915-1916. url .
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 1614, p. 2681, p. 2705, p. 2706.
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 420, p. 587.
• [Miscellaneous reprints on botany] London, 19 ? url .
• Chang Siushih. 1998. Cannaboideae. In: Chang Siushih & Wu Chengyih, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 23(1): 220224.
• Small, E. 1978. A numerical and nomenclatural analysis of morpho-geographic taxa of Humulus. Syst. Bot. 3: 37-76.
• Small, E. 1980. The relationships of hop cultivars and wild variants of Humulus lupulus. Canad. J. Bot. 58: 676-686.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
• National Science Museum of Korea, National Science Museum of Korea Plant
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667515
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-503065
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13793661
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854181-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 19414
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 503065
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 306594-2
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCNB0B010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: HUSC
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 43234

Footnotes

1. Zhengyi Wu, Zhe-Kun Zhou & Bruce Bartholomew "Cannabaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 74. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Humulus". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Humulus japonicus". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Mean = 249.410 meters (818.274 feet), Standard Deviation = 259.270 based on 271 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.