| Your Home Page | Contact Us |

• Taxonomy
• Physical Description
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes
• Keep Exploring

Taxonomy

Physical Description

Family Scrophulariaceae:

Herbs, sometimes shrubs, rarely trees; mostly autotrophic, less often hemiparasitic or parasitic. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, opposite, whorled, or basally opposite and apically alternate, simple or sometimes pinnately dissected. Inflorescences racemes, spikes, or thyrsoid panicles, determinate or indeterminate, or flowers solitary. Flowers perfect, usually zygomorphic, rarely actinomorphic. Calyx often persistent, (2-) 4- or 5-lobed or -parted, variously connate. Corolla sympetalous; limb (3 or) 4- or 5-lobed, often 2-lipped. Stamens mostly 4, didynamous, sometimes 1 or 2 staminodes present, less often 2 or 5 stamens; anther locules 1 or 2, equal or subequal, free or confluent. Nectary often present at base of ovary, ringlike, cupular, or reduced to a gland. Ovary superior, 2-loculed, rarely apically 1-loculed; ovules numerous, rarely 2 per locule, on axile placentas, anatropous or hemitropous. Style simple; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, or 2-lamellate. Fruit a capsule, septicidal, loculicidal, or septifragal, sometimes opening by pores or irregularly dehiscent, rarely a berry. Seeds minute or rarely conspicuous, sometimes winged; testa often reticulate; hilum lateral or ventral; endosperm fleshy or absent; embryo straight or curved.

About 220 genera and 4500 species: cosmopolitan; 61 genera (seven endemic) and 681 species (415 endemic) throughout China but with a greater concentration in SW China.^[1]

Similar Species

Members of the genus Heliohebe:

There are approximately 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: H. hulkeana (New Zealand Lilac) · H. hulkeana evestita · H. hulkeana hulkeana · H. lavaudiana · H. pentasepala · H. raouhii · H. raoulii · H. raoulii raoulii

Members of the genus Saccharum:

There are approximately 69 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: S. alopecuroides (Silver Plume Grass) · S. alopecuroidum (Silver Plumegrass) · S. alopecuros · S. angustifolium · S. angustifolius · S. arundinaceum (Hardy Sugar Cane) · S. asper · S. asperum · S. balansae · S. baldwinii (Narrow Plumegrass) · S. barberi (Barber's Cane) · S. beccarii · S. bengalense (Munj Sweetcane) · S. brevibarbe (Purple Plume Grass) · S. brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. var. brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. · S. brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. var. contortum (Ell.) R.Webster · S. brevibarbe var. brevibarbe · S. brevibarbe var. contortum (Shortbeard Plumegrass) · S. caudatum · S. cayennense · S. coarctatum (Compressed Plumegrass) · S. contortum var. contortum · S. cylindricum · S. densum · S. edule · S. fallax · S. fastigiatum · S. filifolium · S. filiforme · S. giganteum (Giant Beardgrass) · S. griffithii · S. hildebrandtii · S. holcoides · S. hybrid · S. japonicum · S. kanashiroi · S. longisetosum · S. maximum · S. narenga · S. officinale · S. officinalis · S. officinarum (Purple Sugarcane) · S. officinarum 'Cheribon' · S. officinarum 'Otaheite' · S. officinarum 'Pele's Smoke' (Black Magic Repellent Plant) · S. officinarum L. 'Laukona' · S. officinarum L. 'Violaceum' · S. officinarum var. violaceum · S. officinarum variegated · S. paniceum · S. praegrande · S. procerum · S. ravennae (Hardy Pampas Grass) · S. robustum (Robust Cane) · S. rufipilum · S. saccharoies · S. scindicus · S. semidecumbens · S. sikkimense · S. sinense (Chinese Cane) · S. spontaneum (Ahlek) · S. spontaneum aegyptiacum · S. spontaneum indicum · S. spontanum · S. teneriffae · S. trinii · S. villosum · S. violaceum · S. wardii

Bibliography

• Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CA L | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
• Translate this page using Google: Arabic | Chinese | Deutsch | Español | Français | Italiano | Japanese | Korean | Português

Notes

Identifiers:

• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 838941
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2550648

Footnotes:

1. Deyuan Hong, Hanbi Yang, Cun-li Jin, Manfred A. Fischer, Noel H. Holmgren & Robert R. Mill "Scrophulariaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.