Hedychium coronarium

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Zingiberaceae

Herbs perennial , terrestrial , rarely epiphytic, aromatic , with fleshy , tuberous or non-tuberous rhizomes, often with tuber-bearing roots . Stems usually short, replaced by pseudostems formed by leaf sheaths . Leaves distichous, simple , those toward base of plant usually bladeless and reduced to sheaths; leaf sheath open; ligule usually present; petiole present or not, located between leaf blade and sheath, cushionlike in Zingiber; leaf blade suborbicular or lanceolate to narrowly strap-shaped , rolled longitudinally in bud, glabrous or hairy , midvein prominent , lateral veins usually numerous , pinnate, parallel, margin entire. Inflorescence terminal on pseudostems or on separate, short, sheath-covered shoots arising from rhizomes, cylindric or fusiform , sometimes globose , lax to dense, few to many flowered, sometimes with bracteolate cincinni in bract axils and then a thyrse , sometimes a raceme or spike; bracts and bracteoles present, often conspicuous , colored . Flowers bisexual , epigynous , zygomorphic. Calyx usually tubular , thin, split on 1 side, sometimes spathelike, apex 3-toothed or -lobed. Corolla proximally tubular, distally 3-lobed; lobes varying in size and shape . Stamens or staminodes 6, in 2 whorls. Lateral 2 staminodes of outer whorl petaloid, or forming small teeth at base of labellum, or adnate to labellum, or absent. Median staminode of outer whorl always reduced. Labellum formed from lateral 2 staminodes of inner whorl. Fertile stamen median, of inner whorl; filament long or short; anther locules 2, introrse , dehiscing by slits or occasionally pores ; connective often extended basally into spurs and/or apically into a crest . Ovary inferior, 3-loculed initially, 1- or 3-loculed when mature ; ovules ± numerous per locule; placentation parietal , basal, or axile . Developed style 1, very thin, placed in a furrow in filament and between anther locules; stigma appearing above anther, funnelform , papillose , ± wet, margin often ciliate . Stylodes 2, reduced to nectaries at apex of ovary. Fruit a capsule, fleshy or dry, dehiscent or indehiscent, sometimes berrylike. Seeds few to many, arillate ; aril often lobed or lacerate .

About 50 genera and 1300 species: pantropical with center of diversity in S and SE Asia, some species in America and subtropical and warm-temperate Asia; 20 genera (one endemic) and 216 species (141 endemic, four introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Hedychium

Pseudostems well -developed, 1--3 m. Inflorescences projecting from tip of pseudostem, dense, conelike [lax ]; bracts of main axis crowded [not crowded], [2.5--]4--6[--7] cm, ovate to lanceolate [or almost circular]; cincinni sessile, [1--]2--3[--6]-flowered, enclosed in bracts; bracteoles small, inconspicuous, hidden by bracts. Flowers: calyx cylindric , 3-toothed or -lobed, split down one side [not split]; corolla tube slender, lobes linear ; filament linear, tubular-incurved, enclosing style; anther long-exserted, not spurred , terminal appendage none; lateral staminodes large, petal-like, lip oblong , plane , 2-lobed. Fruits capsule, globose . x = 17.

Species ca. 50: introduced ; North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Australia; native , Asia and Madagascar.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Swamps , shores of lakes and streams ; 0--50 m. Introduced [3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,028 meters (0 to 9,934 feet).[4]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 21-Jun-2005

Similar Species

Members of the genus Hedychium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 27 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

H. aurantiacum (Ginger Lily) · H. coccineum (Orange Bottlebrush Ginger) · H. coccineum 'Tara' (Orange Bottlebrush Ginger) · H. coronarium ('awapuhi-Ke'oke'o) · H. cylindricum (Butterfly Ginger) · H. densiflorum 'Assam Orange' (Hardy Ginger Lily) · H. densiflorum 'Stephen' (Hardy Ginger Lily) · H. ellipticum (Hedychium) · H. flavescens (Awapuhi Melemele) · H. forrestii (Ginger Lily) · H. gardnerianum (Kahila Garland-Lily) · H. gardnerianum 'Kahili Fiesta' (Kahili Ginger) · H. greenii (Red Butterfly Ginger) · H. spicatum (Spiked Ginger Lily) · H. thyrsiforme (Frilly White Ginger) · H. x kewense (Butterfly Ginger) · H. × moorei 'Tara' (Ginger Lily 'tara') · H. 'Anne S. Bishop' (Flowering Ginger) · H. 'Ayo' (Hardy Ginger) · H. 'Beni-Oiran' (Ginger) · H. 'Dr. Moy' (Hardy Ginger Lily) · H. 'Elizabeth' (Hardy Ginger Lily) · H. 'Hawaiian Pink' (Hedychium Hybrid) · H. 'Kinkaku' (Butterfly Ginger) · H. 'Luna Moth' (Hedychium Hybrid) · H. 'Pink Flame' (Hedychium Hybrid) · H. 'Pink V' (Hedychium Hybrid)

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Further Reading

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• The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution; Dublin, Blackie & son, limited, 1902. url .
• The natural history of plants; their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution. From the German of Anton Kerner von Marilaun, by F.W. Oliver, with the assistance of Marian Busk and Mary F. Ewart. with about 2000 original woodcut illustrations and sixteen plates in colours. London, Blackie, 1896-1897. url p. 566.
• The parks and gardens of Paris, considered in relation to the wants of other cities and of the public and private gardens; being notes on a study of Paris gardens. London, Macmillan and co., 1878. url .
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 1441.
• The vegetable kingdom: or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system / by John Lindley. London: Bradbury and Evans, 1846. url p. 166, p. 820.
• The vegetable kingdom; or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, LondonBradbury & Evans1853 url p. 166, p. 820.
• Transactions of the Botanical Society. Edinburgh: Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 1841-1891. url p. 407.
• Transactions of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. [S.l.: s.n.], 1843-1920. url p. 67.
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 392, p. 396, p. 460, p. 530, p. 533, p. 543, p. 771, p. 931.
• Woods of northeastern Peru, by Llewelyn Williams. 15 1936 Chicago, 1936. url p. 554.
• [Publications] - Bureau of Government Laboratories. Manila, Bureau of Public Printing, 1903-1906. url p. 49.
• Wu Te-lin, Chen Sen-jen, Tsai Hsi-tao, Tong Shao-quan, Chen Pei-shan & Zhao Shi-wang. 1981. Zingiberaceae subfam. Zingiberoideae. In: Wu Te-lin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 16(2): 22--148.
• Wu Te-lin, Chen Sen-jen, Tsai Hsi-tao, Tong Shao-quan, Chen Pei-shan & Zhao Shi-wang. 1981. Zingiberaceae subfam. Zingiberoideae. In: Wu Te-lin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 16(2): 22--148.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 18, 2007:

• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, Ilha Solteira, Herbario
• SysTax, SysTax
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU, Herbarium WU

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2662173
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-248115
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13755786
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796836-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 18576
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42396
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 796836-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMZIN04010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: HECO11
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 41911

Footnotes

1. Delin Wu & Kai Larsen "Zingiberaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 322. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Hedychium". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Hedychium coronarium". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Mean = 512.430 meters (1,681.201 feet), Standard Deviation = 800.690 based on 270 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.