Common Names
Common Names in English:
African Honeysuckle, Hilarious Lucy, Tree Fuchsia, White Olive, Wild Fuchsia
Description
Family Scrophulariaceae
Herbs, sometimes shrubs
, rarely trees
; mostly autotrophic, less often hemiparasitic or parasitic. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, opposite, whorled
, or basally opposite and apically alternate, simple
or sometimes pinnately dissected
. Inflorescences racemes
, spikes, or thyrsoid
panicles, determinate or indeterminate, or flowers solitary. Flowers perfect
, usually zygomorphic, rarely actinomorphic
. Calyx often persistent
, (2-) 4- or 5-lobed or -parted, variously connate
. Corolla sympetalous
; limb (3 or) 4- or 5-lobed, often 2-lipped. Stamens mostly 4, didynamous
, sometimes 1 or 2 staminodes present, less often 2 or 5 stamens; anther
locules 1 or 2, equal or subequal
, free
or confluent
. Nectary
often present at base
of ovary, ringlike, cupular, or reduced to a gland
. Ovary superior, 2-loculed, rarely apically 1-loculed; ovules numerous
, rarely 2 per locule, on axile
placentas, anatropous
or hemitropous
. Style simple; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, or 2-lamellate. Fruit a capsule, septicidal
, loculicidal, or septifragal, sometimes opening by pores
or irregularly dehiscent
, rarely a berry. Seeds minute or rarely conspicuous
, sometimes winged
; testa often reticulate
; hilum
lateral
or ventral; endosperm fleshy
or absent; embryo straight or curved
.
About 220 genera and 4500 species: cosmopolitan
; 61 genera (seven endemic) and 681 species (415 endemic) throughout China but with a greater concentration in SW China.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Evergreen .
Flowers: Flower Color: orange, red-orange, yellow
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 8-10' tall.
Biology
Growth
Culture: Space 6-8' apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Scrophulariales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Scrophulariaceae
()
- Durande, 1782, Nom. Cons.
- Figwort Family
- Subfamily:
Rhododendroideae
()
- Tribe:
Rhododendreae
()
- Genus:
Halleria
()
- Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
lucida
- L.
- Botanical name: - Halleria lucida
- Specific epithet:
lucida
- L.
- Genus:
Halleria
(
- Tribe:
Rhododendreae
(
- Subfamily:
Rhododendroideae
(
- Family:
Scrophulariaceae
(
- Order:
Scrophulariales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Halleria
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 9 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
H. abyssinica · H. elliptica · H. ilicifolia · H. ligustrifolia · H. lucida (African Honeysuckle) · H. ovata · H. parviflora · H. pendula · H. tetragona
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- African invertebrates: a journal of biodiversity research. Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: Council of the Natal Museum, [2001- ENG url p. 305, p. 441, p. 451, p. 455, p. 461, p. 462, p. 543, p. 545, p. 548, p. 727.
- Annales des sciences naturelles: comprenant La physiologie animale et végétale, l'anatomie comparée des deux règnes, la zoologie, la botanique, la minéralogie et la géologie Paris: Crochard FRE url p. 182, p. 182.
- Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Cape Town [etc., South African Museum, etc.] ENG url p. 215.
- Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Nicolai, 1835- GER url p. 332.
- Bullettino del Laboratorio ed Orto botanico. Siena: L. Lazzeri, 1898-1906. ITA url p. 81.
- Bullettino. Florence. ITA url p. 150.
- Die Gartenwelt. Berlin: G. Schmidt, [1897- GER url p. 561.
- Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz Leipzig: E. Kummer, 1884-1966. GER url p. 894, p. 925.
- Garten-Zeitung. Berlin, P. Parey. GER url p. 544.
- Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung. Hamburg: R. Kittler, 1852-1890. GER url p. 499.
- Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. ENG url p. 44.
- Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 1172, p. 1174, p. 14, p. 1404, p. 271, p. 36, p. 37, p. 552, p. 604, p. 635, p. 918.
- L'Agricoltura coloniale. Firenze, Istituto agronomico per l'Africa italiana [etc.] ITA url p. 174, p. 182.
- L'Année biologique. Paris, Masson. FRE url p. 104.
- Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. url p. 3.
- Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 206.
- South African journal of natural history. Pretoria, South African Biological Society. ENG url p. 12, p. 200.
- South African journal of science. [Marshalltown, Transvaal: South African Association for the Advancement of Science, ENG url p. 171, p. 237.
- Systême sexuel des végétaux, suivant les classes, les ordres, les genres et les espèces, avec les caractères et les differences / par Charles Linné. Paris: A. Bertrand, 1803. FRE url p. 447.
- The Journal of the South African Ornithologists' Union. Pretoria. ENG url p. 51.
- Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia" 1898-1899. Im Auftrage des Reichsamtes des Innern hrsg. von Carl Chun [et al.] Jena, G. Fischer, 1902-40. GER url p. 190, p. 191, p. 200, p. 419.
- Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.
Notes
Contributors
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 25, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 25, 2007:
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3436242
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15847851
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:803581-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 743341
Footnotes
- Deyuan Hong, Hanbi Yang, Cun-li Jin, Manfred A. Fischer, Noel H. Holmgren & Robert R. Mill "Scrophulariaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
