Glechoma hederacea

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Lamiaceae

Herbs, sometimes subshrubs or shrubs , annual or perennial , usually aromatic . Stems and branches usually 4-angled. Leaves opposite, rarely whorled or alternate, simple to pinnately dissected or compound , without stipules. Inflorescences generally compound, sometimes flowers solitary and axillary ; verticillasters 2- to many flowered, subtended by leaves or bracts. Flowers bisexual , zygomorphic, rarely subactinomorphic, bracteolate or not. Calyx persistent , 5-toothed, 2-lipped; upper lip 3-toothed or entire (deciduous in Scutellaria) ; lower lip 2- or 4-toothed; tube sometimes hairy annulate inside. Corolla limb usually 2-lipped; upper lip 2-lobed and lower 3-lobed, rarely upper lip entire and lower 4-lobed, also rarely limb (4- or) 5-lobed; tube hairy annulate inside. Stamens epipetalous , 4 or 2, free , rarely filaments connate , sometimes one staminodial; anther 1- or 2-celled, usually dehiscing longitudinally; disc persistent. Ovary superior, 2-celled and each cell 2-ovuled and style subterminal , or ovary 4-parted and each lobe 1-ovuled and style gynobasic (from bases of ovary lobes) with 2-cleft apex. Fruit usually 4 dry nutlets . Seeds with or without endosperm.

Approximately 3500 species in 220 genera, distributed worldwide, but mostly in the Mediterranean region and SW Asia. China has 807 species in 96 genera.[1]

Genus Glechoma

Herbs stoloniferous , perennial , gynodioecious or gynomonoecious . Stems ascending to prostrate . Leaves long petiolate , base cordate. Verticillasters axillary , 2-6-(to many) flowered. Calyx tubular to campanulate , slightly curved near throat , 15-veined, indistinctly 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-toothed, abaxial lip 2-toothed. Corolla tubular, dilated at apex, 2-lipped; adaxial lip straight, emarginate or 2-lobed; abaxial lip spreading , 3-lobed. Stamens 4, anterior 2 inserted below lateral lobes of abaxial lip, posterior 2 inserted near throat below adaxial lip; filaments glabrous , undeveloped in pistillate flowers; anther cells oblong , parallel or divergent. Ovary glabrous. Style slender, apex subequally 2-cleft. Nutlets dark brown, oblong-ovoid, smooth or impressed-punctate, glabrous.

About eight species: Asia, Europe, cultivated in North and South America; five species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Valley grasslands.[3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,108 meters (0 to 10,197 feet).[4]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 3-6" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 4.5 • Maximum pH: .1

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Glechoma hederacea var. micrantha Moric.
2. Glechoma hederacea var. parviflora (Benth.) House
3. Nepeta glechoma Bentham.
4. Nepeta hederacea (L.) Trevisan

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000.

Name verified on 27-Apr-1992 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 23-Aug-1994

Similar Species

Members of the genus Glechoma

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 48 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

G. arvensis · G. biondiana · G. biondiana var. glabrescens · G. borealis · G. brevituba · G. bulgarica · G. cataria · G. complanata · G. decolorans · G. erecta · G. glutinosa · G. grandiflora · G. grandis · G. hederacaea · G. hederacea (Gill-Over-The-Ground) · G. hederaceae · G. hederacea 'Barry Yinger Variegated' · G. hederacea 'Dappled Light' (Dappled Light Glechoma) · G. hederacea f. rosea · G. hederacea L. var. hederacea L. (Gill-Over-The-Ground) · G. hederacea 'Little Crown' · G. hederacea 'Rosea' · G. hederacea 'Spot Check' (Variegated Gill-Over-The-Ground) · G. hederacea var. hederacea (Creeping Charlie) · G. hederacea var. Variegata (Variegata Variegated Gill-Over-The-Ground Glechoma Hederacea) · G. hederaceum · G. heterophylla · G. hindenburgiana · G. hindenburgianum · G. hindostana · G. hirsuta · G. hirsutum · G. lamiifolia · G. longicaulis · G. longituba · G. luchuensis · G. magna · G. marrubiastrum · G. micrantha (Groundivy) · G. nepetella · G. nivalis · G. pannonica · G. pharica · G. rotundifolia · G. sardoa · G. serbica · G. shikikunensis · G. variegata 'Rapunzel'

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Further Reading

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• Flora Parisiensis, ou, Descriptions et figures des plantes qui croissent aux environs de Paris; avec les diffrens noms, classes, ordres et genres qui leur conviennent, rangs suivant la mthode sexuelle de M. Linn, leurs par Mr. Bulliard. Paris, P.F. Didot, 1776-1783. FRE url p. 18.
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• Flora de las Islas Baleares, seguida de un diccionario de los nombres baleares, castellanos y botánicos de las plantas espontáneas y de las cultivadas. Palma, P. J. Gelabert, 1879-1881. SPA url p. 624.
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• Flora marchigiana; ossia, Revisione sistematica e descrittiva delle piante fanerogame spontanee finora raccolte nella regione delle Marche oltre quelle più estesamente coltivate e che talora inselvatichiscono ad uso spe Pesaro, Premiato stab. tipo-lit. Federici, 1890-1891. ITA url p. 202.
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• Flora padovana; ossia, Prospetto floristico e fitogeografico delle piante vascolari indigene inselvatichite o largamente coltivate crescenti nella provincia di Padova; con notizie storico-bibliografiche sulle fonti d Padova, Prem. Soc. coop. tip., 1909-1914. ITA url p. 506, p. 635, p. 672, p. 695, p. 698, p. 95.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• "Glechoma hederacea". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 118. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 17, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 32 providers.
• Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, GEO Biodiversity Day
• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw University, Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw University, Flora of the StoÅ‚owe Mts.
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3876522
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-502801
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13719407
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:447338-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 316891
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 502801
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDLAM0K012
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: NEHE2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 40838

Footnotes

1. Xi-wen Li & Ian C. Hedge "Lamiaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 50. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Glechoma". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 118. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Glechoma hederacea". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 118. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Mean = 172.170 meters (564.862 feet), Standard Deviation = 276.860 based on 1,062 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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