Geranium robertianum

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Used medicinally for wounds and ulcers.

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Geranium

Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves usually alternate, stipulate , variously divided . Peduncles (1-) 2-flowered. Flowers often showy, regular, usually 5-merous. Petals alternating with 5 nectiferous glands . Stamens (5-) 10, staminodes occasional. Carpels usually 5, adnate , separating septifragally from the central axis at maturity. Ovary 5-lobed. Fruit schizocarpic, of 5 mericarps which remain attached to an elastically coiling stylar axis upwards; mericarps without apical pits.

A genus of c. 400 species, mainly distributed in the temperate zone of N. Hemisphere, but also in the tropics. Represented in Pakistan by 22 species. The large flowered perennials are difficult to key out satisfactorily unless there is ample information on the nature of the underground parts, flower colour, shape and size of the leaves and the fruits. In the key that follows, I have used the following terminology: segments for primary division of leaves; lobes for secondary division . The sepal length excludes the awn . The beak length (in fruit) excludes the styles.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Forests ; 900-3300 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,500 meters (0 to 8,202 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Biennial

Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Partial to Full Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Geranium briceanum Sweet
2. Geranium eriophorum H. Léveillé.
3. Geranium foetidum Gilib.
4. Geranium graveolens Stokes
5. Geranium inodorum /i> (Pursh Ex Dc.) G. Don
6. Geranium lindleyanum Royle
7. Geranium littorale (Rouy) A. W. Hill
8. Geranium mosquense Goldb.
9. Geranium neapolitanum A. Terracc.
10. Geranium palmatisectum Dulac
11. Geranium purpureum forsteri (Wilmott) H. G. Baker
12. Geranium purpureum var. eriosepalum (Hausskn.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
13. Geranium purpureum var. intricatum Gren. Ap. R. Knuth in Engl.
14. Geranium purpureum var. leiosepalum Hausskn.
15. Geranium purpureum var. liosepalum (Hausskn.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
16. Geranium purpureum var. littorale (Rouy) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
17. Geranium robertianum celticum Ostenf.
18. Geranium robertianum eurobertianum Briq.
19. Geranium robertianum forma adenophorum R. Keller Ap. Gams in Hegi
20. Geranium robertianum forma albidum Wiesb. Ap. Murr
21. Geranium robertianum forma albiflorum (G. Don) House
22. Geranium robertianum forma dasycarpum Woronow in Kusn. , N. Busch and Fomin
23. Geranium robertianum forma euodoratum Borza
24. Geranium robertianum forma glabrum R. Knuth in Engl.
25. Geranium robertianum forma gracile Stäge Ap. Gams in Hegi
26. Geranium robertianum forma inciso-rubrum Stäge Ap. Gams in Hegi
27. Geranium robertianum forma leucantha Lange
28. Geranium robertianum forma macropetalum (Briq. Ex R. Knuth) Gams in Hegi
29. Geranium robertianum forma multicaule Hornem. in Rouy and Foucaud
30. Geranium robertianum forma subglabrum Grognot
31. Geranium robertianum forma umbraticum C. G. Westerl.
32. Geranium robertianum maritimum [bab. ] H. G. Baker
33. Geranium robertianum var. albiflorum G. Don
34. Geranium robertianum var. albo Gaudin
35. Geranium robertianum var. album Weston
36. Geranium robertianum var. alpinum Gaudin
37. Geranium robertianum var. atropurpureum Hagenb.
38. Geranium robertianum var. bernettii A. F. Schwarz Ap. Gams in Hegi
39. Geranium robertianum var. celticum (Ostenf.) Wilmott
40. Geranium robertianum var. crassicaule (Rouy) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
41. Geranium robertianum var. eriophorum (H. Lév.) H. Lév.
42. Geranium robertianum var. forsteri Wilmott
43. Geranium robertianum var. genuinum Godr. in Gren. and Godr.
44. Geranium robertianum var. glabrinux Petrova and Kozhukharov in Jordanov
45. Geranium robertianum var. grandiflorum Strobl
46. Geranium robertianum var. graniticarum (Martrin-Donos) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
47. Geranium robertianum var. inodorum (Pursh Ex Dc.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
48. Geranium robertianum var. insigne Lojac.
49. Geranium robertianum var. intermedium Wilmott
50. Geranium robertianum var. laciniatum Beckh. Ex F. Wilms and Beckh.
51. Geranium robertianum var. latisectum Schur
52. Geranium robertianum var. leucanthon Dumort.
53. Geranium robertianum var. leucanthum (Dumort. Ex Rchb.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
54. Geranium robertianum var. littorale Rouy in Rouy and Foucaud
55. Geranium robertianum var. lucidum Weston
56. Geranium robertianum var. macropetalum Briq. Ex R. Knuth in Engl.
57. Geranium robertianum var. maritimum Bab.
58. Geranium robertianum var. mosquense (Goldb.) Dc.
59. Geranium robertianum var. purpureum Schur
60. Geranium robertianum var. rubens Weston
61. Geranium robertianum var. rubricaule (Hornem.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
62. Geranium robertianum var. rubrum Lej.
63. Geranium robertianum var. tenuisectum Schur
64. Geranium robertianum var. terebinthinaceum Schur
65. Geranium robertianum var. trilobatum H. Takeda
66. Geranium robertianum var. typicum Beck
67. Geranium robertianum var. umbraticum (G. C. Westerl.) Graebn. in Asch. and Graebn.
68. Geranium robertianum var. villosulum Murr
69. Geranium rubellum Moench
70. Robertianum nostrum Goldb.
71. Robertiella robertianum (L.) Hanks in Underw. and Britton (Eds.)
72. Robertium minutiflorum (Jord.) Fourr.
73. Robertium vulgare Picard

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Aedo C. , 23-Nov-2006

Place of publication : Sp. pl. 2:681. 1753

Name verified on 17-May-1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 15-Jul-2002

Similar Species

Members of the genus Geranium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1610 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

G. abetulinum · G. abortivum · G. abrotanifolium · G. acerifolium · G. acetosum · G. aculeolatum · G. aequale (Awnless Geranium) · G. aequatoriale (Cranesbill) · G. aethiopicum · G. aff. collinum · G. aff. platyanthum · G. aff. polyanthes · G. affine · G. africanum · G. 'Alan Mayes' · G. 'Alaska' · G. albanum · G. albanum 'Pink and Stripes' · G. albicans (Roundleaf Geranium) · G. albidum · G. albiflorum · G. album · G. alceoides · G. alchemilloides · G. sylvaticum · G. alpicola · G. altaicum · G. althaeoides · G. 'Amanda's Blush' · G. amatolicum · G. amoenum · G. anceps · G. andicola · G. andringitrense · G. anemonaefolium · G. anemonifolium · G. anemonoides · G. angulosum · G. angustipetalum · G. 'Anne Thomson' (Hardy Cranesbill) · G. 'Ann Folkard' (Ann Folkard Cranesbill) · G. 'Ann Folkard' × psilostemon · G. 'Ann Foulkard' · G. antipodeum · G. antisanae · G. antrorsum · G. aphanoides · G. apiiodorum · G. appendiculatum · G. arabicum arabicum · G. arachnoideum · G. arborescens · G. arboreum (Hawaiian Red-Flowered Geranium) · G. ardjunense · G. arduinum · G. arenarium · G. argenteum · G. 'Aria' · G. aristatum (Cranesbill) · G. articulatum · G. asperum · G. asphodeloides (Hedgerow Geranium) · G. asphodeloides asphodeloides · G. asphodeloides asphodeloides 'Prince Regent' · G. asphodeloides asphodeloides white-flowered · G. asphodeloides 'Catforth Sam' · G. asphodeloides crenophilum · G. asphodeloides 'Gorer's Pink' · G. asphodeloides sintenisii · G. asphodeloides 'Starlight' · G. asplenioides · G. astragalifolium · G. atlanticum · G. atropurpureum · G. atropurpureum Heller var. cowenii (Rydb.) Dorn (Western Purple Cranesbill) · G. attenuilobum · G. attenuilobum var. viscosissimum · G. auritum · G. 'Aussie Gem' · G. austroapeninum · G. austroapenninum · G. ayacuchense · G. ayavacense · G. 'Aya' · G. azorelloides · G. 'Baby Blue' · G. 'Balansae' · G. balgooyi · G. barbatum · G. pratense · G. dissectum · G. baurianum · G. bellum · G. bequaertii · G. bergianum · G. berterianum · G. berteroanum · G. 'Bertie Crug' · G. besseanum · G. 'Bethany'

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Further Reading

• A compendium of the English flora. London, Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman, 1836. ENG url p. 140.
• Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen. Bremen: Im Selbstverlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins, 1866- GER url p. 380, p. 404.
• Acta Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki, Societas. ENG url p. 132.
• Aedo, C. 2000. The Genus Geranium L. (Geraniaceae) in North America. I. Annual Species. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 58:76.
• Aedo, C. et al. 1998. World checklist of Geranium (Geraniaceae). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 56:246.
• Anales de la Sociedad Cientfica Argentina. Buenos Aires. SPA url p. 32.
• Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 546.
• Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum [etc.] GER url p. 119.
• Annales des sciences naturelles. Paris: Fortin, Masson, 1834-1937. FRE url p. 33.
• Annals and magazine of natural history: including zoology, botany and geology London. url p. 176, p. 71.
• Antologia. Giornale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti. Firenze. url p. 271.
• Ants, bees, and wasps; a record of observations on the habits of the social Hymenoptera / by John Lubbock. New York: Appleton, 1897. ENG url p. 54.
• Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin. GER url p. 360, p. 360.
• Atti del museo civico di storia naturale di Trieste. Trieste: Il Museo, 1884- ITA url p. 58.
• Aufzählung der in Ungarn und Slavonien bisher beobachteten Gefässpflanzen: nebst einer pflanzengeografischen Uebersicht / von August Neilreich. Wien: W. Braumüller, 1866. GER url p. 308.
• Augsburgische Blumenlese, oder systematisches Verzeichniss der in der Gegend um Augsburg wildwachsenden Pflanzen, als Einleitung zu einer Flora von Augsburg. Augsburg, Wolff, 1822. GER url p. 174.
• Baiersche Flora. Mnchen, Joh. Bapt. Strohl, 1789. GER url p. 224.
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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 19, 2007.
• "Geranium robertianum". in Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 8, 10. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• Geranium Taxonomic Information System 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 35 providers.
• RJB Geranium
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2652480
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ger-353
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14389807
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:373593-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 444
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 29119
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 373593-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDGER020Z0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: RORO2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 40667

Footnotes

1. Yasin J Nasir "Geranium". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Geranium robertianum". in Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 8, 10. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 202.850 meters (665.518 feet), Standard Deviation = 247.420 based on 3,782 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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