Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Cut-Leaf Crane's-Bill, Cut-Leaf Crane´s-Bill, Cut-Leaf Geranium, Cut-Leaved Cranesbill, Cutleaf Geranium
Common Names in Portuguese:
Gerânio-De-Folha-Rasgada
Description
Genus Geranium
Annual
or perennial
herbs. Leaves usually alternate, stipulate
, variously divided
. Peduncles (1-) 2-flowered. Flowers often showy, regular, usually 5-merous. Petals alternating with 5 nectiferous glands
. Stamens (5-) 10, staminodes occasional. Carpels usually 5, adnate
, separating septifragally from the central axis at maturity. Ovary 5-lobed. Fruit schizocarpic, of 5 mericarps which remain attached to an elastically coiling
stylar
axis upwards; mericarps without apical pits.
A genus of c.
400 species, mainly distributed in the temperate
zone of N. Hemisphere, but also in the tropics. Represented in Pakistan by 22 species. The large flowered perennials are difficult to key
out satisfactorily unless there is ample information on the nature of the underground parts, flower colour, shape
and size of the leaves and the fruits. In the key that follows, I have used the following terminology: segments for primary division
of leaves; lobes
for secondary division
. The sepal length
excludes the awn
. The beak
length (in fruit) excludes the styles.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May. • Flower Color: pink
Size/Age/Growth
Size: under 6" tall.
Habitat
Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 252 meters (828 feet).[2]
Biome: Coastal.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual , Biennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Geranianae
(
)
- (Dumortier, 1829) Takhtajan, 1997
- Order:
Geraniales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Geraniaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Family:
Geraniaceae
(
- Order:
Geraniales
(
- Superorder:
Geranianae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Geranium angustifolium Gilib. • Geranium baumgartenianum Schur • Geranium decumbens R. Knuth in Engl. • Geranium dissectum f. albiflorum R. Fern. • Geranium dissectum f. byzantinum (Griseb.) Borza • Geranium dissectum f. erectum Patze Ex Gams in Hegi • Geranium dissectum f. furcatum (Schur) Gams in Hegi • Geranium dissectum f. purpureum (Kuntze) Gams in Hegi • Geranium dissectum f. roseum (Kuntze) Gams in Hegi • Geranium dissectum f. subintegrilobatum (Godet) Gams in Hegi • Geranium dissectum var. alba A. Huet Ex Nyman • Geranium dissectum var. albidum Kuntze • Geranium dissectum var. album (Kuntze) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. baumgartenianum Schur Ex Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. byzantinum (Griseb.) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. furcatum (Schur) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. glutinosum (N. Terracc.) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. minimum Picard • Geranium dissectum var. nanum Gaudin • Geranium dissectum var. palmatum Picard • Geranium dissectum var. pumilum Peterm. • Geranium dissectum var. purpureum (Kuntze) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. roseum (Kuntze) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium dissectum var. subintegrilobatum Godet • Geranium dissectum var. typicum R. Knuth in Engl. • Geranium dissectum var. villosum (N. Terracc.) Graebn. in Asch. & Graebn. • Geranium furcatum Schur Ex R. Knuth in Engl. • Geranium laxum Hanks ex Hanks & Small in Underw. & Britton (Eds.) • Geranium malvifolium Baumg. Ex R. Knuth in Engl. • Geranium minimum Picard Ex B. D. Jacks. • Geranium palmatum Picard Ex B. D. Jacks. • Geranium pusillum Labram & Hegetschw. Ex R. Knuth in Engl. • Geranium pusillum var. malvifolium Baumg. Ex Schur • Geranium tiguense Aedo & Muñoz Garm.
Notes
Publishing author : L. Publication : Cent. Pl. I. 21 1755 [19 Feb 1755]
Similar Species
Members of the genus Geranium
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 263 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
G. (Cranesbill [thumping Heart]) · G. aequale (Awnless Geranium) · G. aequatoriale (Cranesbill) · G. albicans (Roundleaf Geranium) · G. arboreum (Hawai'i Red Cranesbill) · G. aristatum (Cranesbill) · G. asphodeloides (Hedgerow Geranium) · G. atropurpureum Heller var. cowenii (Rydb.) Dorn (Western Purple Cranesbill) · G. bicknellii (Bicknell's Cranesbill) · G. bicknellii Britton var. bicknellii Britton (Bicknell's Cranesbill) · G. bohemicum 'Orchid Blue' (Cranesbill) · G. caespitosum (James Cranebill) · G. caespitosum E.James var. fremontii (Torr. ex A.Gray) Dorn (Fremont Geranium) · G. caespitosum var. parryi (Engelm.) W.A.Weber (Parry Geranium) · G. californicum (California Crane's-Bill) · G. canariensis (Giant Geranium) · G. carolinianum (Carolina Crane's-Bill) · G. carolinianum L. var. sphaerospermum (Fern.) Breitung (Carolina Geranium) · G. cinereum (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum var. subcaulescens 'Giuseppe' (Greyleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum'Alice' (Alice Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum 'Ballerina' (Ballerina Cranesbill) · G. cinereum 'Carol' (Carol Cranesbill) · G. cinereum 'Lawrence Flatman' (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum 'Memories' (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum 'Purple Pillow' (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum 'Sateene' (Sateen Grayleaf Geranium) · G. cinereum subcaulescens 'Splendens' (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. clarkei (Cranesbill) · G. clarkei 'Kashmir Pink' (Cranesbill) · G. clarkei 'Kashmir Purple' (Cranesbill) · G. clarkei 'Kashmir White' (Cranesbill) · G. columbinum (Long-Stalk Crane's-Bill) · G. cuneatum cuneatum (Cuneate-Leaf Crane's-Bill) · G. cuneatum hololeucum (Hinahina) · G. cuneatum hypoleucum (Hinahina) · G. cuneatum tridens (Hinahina) · G. dalmaticum (Geranium) · G. dissectum (Cut-Leaf Crane's-Bill) · G. divaricatum (Fanleaf Geranium) · G. Dragon Heart = 'Bremdra' (Cranesbill [dragon Heart]) · G. endressii (Cranesbill) · G. endressii x psilostemon 'Patricia' (Patricia Cranesbill) · G. erianthum (Northern Crane's-Bill) · G. farreri (Farrers Geranium) · G. gracile (Hardy Geranium) · G. hanaense (Maui Geranium) · G. harveyi (Cranesbill) · G. hayatanum (Hardy Geranium) · G. himalayense (Cranesbill) · G. himalayense 'Baby Blue' (Himalayan Geranium) · G. himalayense 'Derrick Cook' (Himalayan Geranium) · G. himalayense 'Devil's Blue' (Devil's Blue Himalayan Geranium) · G. himalayense 'Gravetye' (Himalayan Geranium) · G. himalayense 'Irish Blue' (Himalayan Geranium) · G. himalayense 'Plenum' (Birch Double Geranium) · G. homeanum (Australasia Crane's-Bill) · G. ibericum (Iberian Crane's-Bill) · G. ibericum jubatum (Iberian Geranium) · G. incanum (Carpet Geranium) · G. incanum 'Silver Sugar Plum' (Carpet Geranium) · G. kauaiense (Kauai Geranium) · G. lambertii (Geranium) · G. lambertii x procurrens 'Salome' (Salome Cranesbill) · G. lambertii 'Swansdown' (Geranium) · G. lentum (Mogollon Crane's-Bill) · G. libani (Geranium Geranium Libani) · G. lucidum (Shining Crane's-Bill) · G. macrorrhizum (Big Root Geranium) · G. macrorrhizum 'Album' (Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Bevan's Variety' (Bevan's Variety Bigroot Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Czakor' (Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Ingwersen's Variety' (Ingwersen's Variety Bigroot Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Lohfelden' (Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Spessart' (Bigroot Cranesbill) · G. macrorrhizum 'Variegatum' (Bigroot Geranium) · G. macrorrhizum 'White-Ness' (Cranesbill) · G. macrostylum (Cranesbill) · G. maculatum (Cranesbill) · G. maculatum 'Album' (Spotted Geranium) · G. maculatum 'Elizabeth Ann' (Elizabeth Anne Hardy Geranium) · G. maculatum 'Espresso' (Espresso Cranesbill) · G. maderense (Madeiran Cranesbill) · G. magnificum (Cranesbill) · G. magniflorum (Cranesbill) · G. magniflorum 'Laveta Lace' (Geranium) · G. makmelicum (Grayleaf Geranium) · G. molle (Awnless Geranium) · G. molle molle (Dovesfoot Crane's-Bill) · G. multiflorum (Many-Flower Crane's Bill) · G. multiflorum multiflorum (Manyflower Geranium) · G. multisectum (Cranesbill) · G. nodosum (Geranium) · G. oreganum (Oregon Crane's-Bill) · G. palmatum (Canary Island Geranium) · G. palustre (Marsh Cranes-Bill) · G. phaeum (Dusky Cranesbill) · G. phaeum phaeum 'Samobor' (Cranesbill) · G. phaeum 'Album' (Dusky Cranesbill) · G. phaeum 'Calligrapher' (Dusky Cranesbill)
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Further Reading
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- Weeds of farm land. London, Longmans, 1920. url p. 134, p. 167, p. 214, p. 233.
- Zoe:a biological journal. 2 1892 San Diego, Calif. [etc.]Zoe Publishing Co. url p. 344.
- [Collected reprints, 1895-1916. s.l., s.n., 19--] url , , , , , .
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed April 30, 2012.
- Geranium Taxonomic Information System, Nov 2006
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 17, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 37 providers.
- RJB Geranium: Geranium Taxonomic Information System. Release date: May 27, 2008
- RJB Geranium
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:
- Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
- Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
- Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
- Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
- Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw University, Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw University, Flora of the Stołowe Mts.
- NLBIF, Limnodata
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo
- Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
- Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum - Herbarium GJO, Herbarium GJO
- The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Botany
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Lund Botanical Museum
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Plants
- Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2652492
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ger-5
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 5341511
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101669-3
- GRIN Nomen Number: 411
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 29135
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 30210528
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDGER020B0
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: GELA4
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 40642
Footnotes
- Yasin J Nasir "Geranium". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Standard Deviation = 463.270 based on 68,761 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
