Interesting Facts
Common Names
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Common Names in English:
Sweet Fennel, Bitter Fennel, Bulgarian Fennel, Crete Fennel, Italian Fennel, Pepper Fennel
Common Names in German:
Eselsfenchel, Pfefferfenchel, Wilde Fenchel, Wilder Fenchel
Common Names in Italian:
Finocchio Arancino, Finocchio D´asino, Finocchio Selvatico
Common Names in Japanese:
Fenneru Bitaa, Shin Uikyou
Common Names in Swedish:
Asnefänkål, Pepparfänkål, Siciliansk Fänkål
Common Names in Turkish:
Yabani Rezene
Description
Genus Foeniculum
Herbs, annual
or perennial
, all parts strongly aromatic
(anise-scented) . Stem erect
, terete
, gray-green or lurid-green, glabrous
. Leaves petiolate
, sheaths
membranous-margined; blade
pinnately decompound
; ultimate
segments linear
. Umbels compound
, terminal
and lateral
; bracts and bracteoles absent; rays numerous
, upwards-spreading, unequal. Calyx teeth obsolete
. Petals yellow, obovate
, mid rib
conspicuous
, apex with narrowly inflexed
lobule
. Stylopodium
conic; styles very short, reflexed
. Fruit oblong
, terete, glabrous; ribs 5, acute or round-obtuse; vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure
. Seed face
plane
or slightly concave
. Carpophore 2-cleft to base
.
One species: Mediterranean region; cultivated and adventive worldwide, including in China.[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
()
- Auct.
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Apiales
()
- Nakai, 1930
- Family:
Umbelliferae
()
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Apioideae
()
- Tribe:
Apieae
()
- Genus:
Foeniculum
()
- P. Miller, 1754
- Fennel
- Specific epithet:
vulgare
- Subspecies:
piperitum
- Botanical name: - Foeniculum vulgare piperitum Mill.
- Subspecies:
piperitum
- Specific epithet:
vulgare
- Genus:
Foeniculum
(
- Tribe:
Apieae
(
- Subfamily:
Apioideae
(
- Family:
Umbelliferae
(
- Order:
Apiales
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Foeniculum foeniculum (L.) Karst.
Notes
An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Foeniculum
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 14 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
F. panmorium (Indian Fennel) · F. vulgare (Bronze Fennel) · F. vulgare Mill. var. dulce (Mill.) Thell. (Sweet Fennel) · F. vulgare Mill. 'Rubrum' (Bronze Fennel) · F. vulgare piperitum (Sweet Fennel) · F. vulgare var. azoricum (Anise) · F. vulgare var. azoricum 'Di Sarno' (Florence Fennel) · F. vulgare var. azoricum 'Orion' (Bulb Fennel) · F. vulgare var. azoricum 'Trieste' (Anise) · F. vulgare var. azoricum 'Zefa Fino' (Anise) · F. vulgare 'Di Firenze' (Bronze Fennel) · F. vulgare 'Purpureum' (Purpureum Bronze Fennel) · F. vulgare 'Sirio' (Bronze Fennel) · F. vulgare 'Smokey' (Bronze Fennel)
More Info
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- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed September 12, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8660082
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13726693
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 740138
Footnotes
- She Menglan (Sheh Meng-lan), Mark F. Watson "Foeniculum". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 134. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
