Filipendula ulmaria

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Genus Filipendula

Herbs perennial , rhizomatous . Rhizome short, oblique , here and there thickened into tubers, clothed with fibers. Stipules large or small, subcordate to ovate-lanceolate; leaf blade pinnate; leaflets pinnately or palmately lobed . Inflorescence corymbose-cymose or paniculate-cymose; central branch shortened and flowering first. Flowers bisexual , rarely unisexual (when plants dioecious) . Sepals 5, reflexed after flowering. Petals 5, imbricate, white, pink, or red, base clawed. Stamens 20€“40. Carpels 5€“15, inserted on plane or slightly elevated receptacle, free ; ovules 1 or 2; style terminal ; stigma capitate. Fruit an achene, free, compressed , crowned by base of style. Seed pendulous, terete , with very little endosperm. x = 7, 8.

More than ten species: mainly in N temperate zone; seven species (one endemic) in China.

The fruit of Filipendula has been described as an indehiscent follicle. It is described here as an achene because it is indehiscent, as opposed to a typical, dehiscent follicle. In fact, it may be intermediate between an achene and a follicle.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Mountain thickets, meadows, river banks.[3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,422 meters (0 to 4,665 feet).[4]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Filipendula denudata (J. Presl & C. Presl) Fritsch • Filipendula ulmaria denudata (J. Presl & C. Presl) Hayek • Filipendula ulmaria nivea (Wallr.) Hayek • Filipendula ulmaria var. denudata (J. Presl & C. Presl) Maxim. • Filipendula ulmaria var. subdenudata (Fritsch) Schanzer • Filipendula ulmaria var. tomentosa (Cambess.) Maxim. • Spiraea denudata J. Presl & C. Presl • Spiraea glauca Schultz • Spiraea odorata Gray • Spiraea palustris (Moench) Salisb. • Spiraea ulmaria L. • Spiraea ulmaria Linnaeus • Thecanisia discolor Raf. • Thecanisia ulmaria (L.) Raf. • Ulmaria palustris Moench • Ulmaria pentapetala Gilib. • Ulmaria quinqueloba Baumg. • Ulmaria spiraea-ulmaria Hill • Ulmaria ulmaria (L.) Barnhart

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2009

Similar Species

Members of the genus Filipendula

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 20 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

F. hexapetala vulgaris (Meadow Sweet) · F. occidentalis (Queen of the Forest) · F. palmata (Siberian Meadowsweet Filipendula Palmata) · F. palmata 'Alba' (Siberian Meadowsweet) · F. palmata 'Nana' (Siberian Meadowsweet) · F. purpurea (Japanese Meadowsweet) · F. purpurea 'Elegans' (Japanese Meadowsweet) · F. rubra (Meadowsweet) · F. rubra 'Venusta' (Queen of the Prairie) · F. rubra 'Venusta Magnifica' (Meadowsweet) · F. ulmaria (Meadow Sweet) · F. ulmaria denudata (Queen of the Meadow) · F. ulmaria ulmaria (Queen of the Meadow) · F. ulmaria 'Aurea' (Meadowsweet) · F. ulmaria 'Plena' (Double-Flowered Queen of The Meadow) · F. ulmaria 'Variegata' (Variegated Queen of the Meadow) · F. vulgaris (Dropwort) · F. vulgaris 'Flore Pleno' (Dropwort) · F. vulgaris 'Multiplex' (Dropwort) · F. 'Kakome' (Meadowsweet)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A little book of perennials, by Alfred C. Hottes. New York, N. Y., The A. T. De La Mare1923. url p. 35.
• A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations, Cedar Rapids, Ia., The Torch Press, 1911. url .
• A manual of poisonous plants: chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations / by L.H. Pammel. Cedar Rapids, Iowa: Torch Press, 1910-1911. url p. 115.
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url p. 100, p. 102, p. 103, p. 104, p. 105, p. 106, p. 107, p. 117, p. 118, p. 121, p. 123, p. 131, p. 133, p. 134, p. 135, p. 135, p. 136, p. 136, p. 137, p. 142, p. 143, p. 145, p. 149, p. 150, p. 155, p. 157, p. 163, p. 167, p. 177, p. 178, p. 202, p. 203, p. 212, p. 213, p. 228, p. 24, p. 263, p. 264, p. 311, p. 32, p. 35, p. 356, p. 38, p. 55, p. 66, p. 67, p. 84, p. 90, p. 94, p. 96.
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url , , p. 76.
• Annual report of the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. [Orono, Me.: Maine State College, 1885-1953. url p. 50.
• Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 183.
• Botanisk tidsskrift / utgivet af den Botaniske forening i København. København: G.E.C. Gads Forlag, 1866-1981. url p. 422, p. 462.
• British journal of entomology and natural history. [London]: British Entomological and Natural History Society, 1988- url , , , , p. 156, p. 181, p. 28, p. 32, p. 40, p. 76, p. 79.
• Bulletin - Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. [Orono]Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. url .
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 63, p. 67.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 44 1917 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 382.
• Bulletin. [Orono.] url p. 50.
• Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup / revised by J. Lind. Copenhagen: Gyldendalske boghandel, 1913. url p. 125, p. 342, p. 431, p. 468.
• Directory of Wetlands of International Importance. IUCN url p. 684, p. 767.
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 236, p. 238.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 208, p. 488.
• Formal design in landscape architecture; a statement of principles with special reference to their present use in America, by Frank A. Waugh. London, K. Paul, Trench, Trèubner & Co., Ltd., 1927. url p. 164.
• Ground beetles (Carabidae) of Fennoscandia: a zoogeographic study / by Carl H. Lindroth; Joachim Adis, scientific editor. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, 1989- url p. 159, p. 160, p. 46, p. 472, p. 505, p. 565.
• Illinois Natural History Survey bulletin. Champaign, Ill.: The Survey, 1987- url p. 272, p. 297, p. 529.
• Marcellia. New York [etc.]Pergamon Press [etc.] url p. 143.
• Montana wetlands management study / prepared for Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation. Denver, Colo.: Bureau of Reclamation, [1992] url p. 10.
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 24, p. 76, p. 9.
• Popular science news, formerly Boston journal of chemistry. A popular illustrated monthly devoted to the progress in zoology, botany, mineralogy, archaeology, hygiene, invention, with related physical sciences and general v. 1-36; July 1866-Dec. 1902. Boston, J.R. Nichols & co. [etc.]1866-[93]; New York, W. O. Allison [etc., 1894]-1902. url p. 86.
• Proceedings and transactions of the British Entomological and Natural History Society. London, British Entomological and Natural History Society. url , p. 134, p. 21, p. 29, p. 37, p. 58, p. 62, p. 78.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 528.
• Report of the State Botanist. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1898-1925. url , , .
• Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 283.
• The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url , p. 111, p. 131, p. 131, p. 152, p. 160, p. 165, p. 172, p. 173, p. 175, p. 191, p. 204, p. 251, p. 301, p. 327, p. 45, p. 58, p. 71, p. 72, p. 73, p. 94.
• The plants of Prince Edward Island / Ottawa: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1985. url p. 172.
• The water relations of plants: a symposium of the British Ecological Society, London, 5-8 April 1961 / Edited by A. J. Rutter and F. H. Whitehead. New York: Wiley, [1963] url p. 183, p. 387.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 137, p. 156, p. 45.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
• "Filipendula". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 195. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Hexacorallians of the World 2001.
• Heyn CC & Heller D 1991/1993 (from ILDIS).
• Home of the Xylariaceae 2006.
• ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 10, Nov 2005
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist 2005.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist, Sep 2005
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist. Release date: August 1, 2007
• IOPI-GPC
• Lewis GP, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
• Nghia, N.H. 1998. Dalbergia entadoides. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Nielsen IC & Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS).
• Pippen, Jeffrey S. Jeff's Nature Page. Accessed December 8, 2007.
• Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
• Polhill RM, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• Rhytismatales database 2006.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Schrire BD, 1994-10 (from ILDIS).
• Sokoloff DD, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
• Stirton CH, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• Thomson, Christian (from Diptera).
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 28, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
• Vaz AMSF, 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Adenanthera intermedia. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• van der Maesen LJG, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:

• GBIF-Spain, Departamento de Biolog. Veg. II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid: MAF
• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Environment and Heritage Service - EHS Species Datasets
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Joint Nature Conservation Committee - Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Borders Biological Records Centre - SWT Scottish Borders Local Wildlife Site Survey data 1996-2000 - species information

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2650269
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-1024
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2975287
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:724943-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 17105
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 25171
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDROS0Q030
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: FIUL
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 39634

Footnotes

1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Li Chao-luang, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba "Filipendula". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 193. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Filipendula". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 195. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Mean = 214.360 meters (703.281 feet), Standard Deviation = 300.610 based on 20,000 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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